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i 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents ii Preface from Chairman of Organizing Committee List of Abstract xiii Agricultural Technology and Food Science ii 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Preface-Chairman of the Organizing Committee
On behalf of the organizing committee of the 2nd International Conference on Biosciences and Biotechnology 2010 at the University of Udayana Bali, I would like to
extend my warmest greeting to all of you. I would also like extend my sincere appreciation to
all of you, especially to the distinguished keynote speakers, invited speakers, as well as
participants who have traveled far away to Bali from their origin. This conference has been
designed in order to gather scientists, engineers, practitioners, and industries in Biological
related disciplines, so that they can discuss and share their expertise in the fields of
Biosciences and Biotechnology related issues. From this intense discussion, it is expected that
some brilliant ideas to be used to improve the quality of human life can be formulated, so that
it is in line with the theme of the conference: "Biosciences and Biotechnology pave the way
to a better life".
This 2nd International conference is held in relation to the Udayana University Anniversary and is expected to be held yearly, so that this event becomes the icon of the
Udayana University in the future. The conference will consist of 11 plenary presentations
delivered by International invited speakers from Japan, Australia and Indonesia, covering
general aspects of Biosciences and Biotechnology. Besides this plenary session, we will also
have four satellite symposia, covering areas of health, agricultural technology and food
science, agriculture, and biodiversity and environment. In each satellite symposium, some
International and National invited speakers will present their papers in addition to
contribution papers presented by the participants. Totally, 175 contribution papers (oral and
poster presentation) will be presented in this conference and they are distributed according to
the areas mentioned above. The efforts of the presenters to prepare their contribution papers
for this conference are highly appreciated.
This Conference is financially supported by the Rector of Udayana University through the program of Vice Rector I (Vice Rector for Academic Affair) and some sponsors (Monsanto and Kanisius press). Therefore, in this occasion, on behalf of the committee, I would like to acknowledge their financial support. My thanks should also go to all people who have been involved in the committee of the conference. Without their hard working and efforts, I am afraid we will not be able to make this event to happen. Last but not least, I hope you all can enjoy your time in Bali, not only at the venue of the conference, but also enjoy the beauty of Bali and the friendliness of the people, so that you all bring home some unforgettable memories about the island of Bali. See you again here next year. Chairman of the Organizing Committee Drs. Yan Ramona, M.App.Sc., Ph.D. iii 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Forewords-Rector of Udayana University
Dear Distinguished guests, Invited speakers, and all other participants This second International Conference on Biosciences and Biotechnology with the theme of Bioscience and Biotechnology pave the way to a better life is a continuation of the first International conference successfully held last year, in relation of the Udayana University Anniversary. The main aim of this conference is to gather scientists from all over the world in a venue to share their expertise in Biosciences and Biotechnology and build scientific network, so that they can develop Biosciences and Biotechnology-based methods for improving the quality of human life in the future. In this opportunity, on behalf of the University, I welcome you all to Bali. Bali is well known as a favorite tourist destination in the world. Recently, it is also a favorite site for holding International events, such as International Conference. When people hear Bali as a site of an International conference, a lot of them will be interested to attend the event. By attending such an event in Bali, they can do two things at once. They can present scientific papers and share their expertise with other scientists known to have International reputation, and at the same time they can also enjoy the beauty of the Bali Island and the culture of Bali which is considered to be unique by foreign tourists. Here, I would also like to acknowledge the National and International invited speakers for their willingness to come miles away to Bali and present their high standard papers. I understand that you all spend much time for this conference, and therefore I must give high appreciation on all of those effort and dedication. I hope this International Conference become an annual agenda of Udayana University and become an ideal forum for communication and sharing ideas as well as experience in Biosciences and Biotechnology-related disciplines in the future. I also hope that this forum can serve as a forum for promoting advanced Biosciences and Biotechnology with regard to economic growth and social welfare. Finally, I wish you most successful conference and hope that it may provide new ideas and strategies for the application of Biosciences and Biotechnology in the industries. Rector of Udayana University, Prof. Dr. dr. I Made Bakta, Sp.PD(KHOM). iv 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 ABOUT THE HOST: UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
Udayana University is a major centre for university graduates from throughout the Indonesia and one of a nationally and internationally distinguished institution of higher education. The University is currently home to over 18.170 students-10% of which are postgraduates. In 2006 – 2007, The Udayana University confirmed its position as leading university in Indonesia among "50 Promising Universities" published by the government. In 2008, Udayana University continues to be the University of Choices for Bali and increasingly the nation's, based on a survey carried out by a national magazine "Tempo" which ranked the Udayana University among 15 most favorite universities in Indonesia. In 2009, Udayana University has also reached top 11 universities in Indonesia and rank 3450 webomatrics (June 2009). Udayana University is committed to produce highly employable graduates and researchers of the highest quality possible. In both its teaching and research, the University has strong links with local and international institutions, including government bodies, business, industries, and the professional organizations. The Udayana University undertakes innovative research projects in the field of biotechnology and biosciences, medical sciences and social sciences. Udayana University is fortunate in its location. Bali, a well-known tourist destination with population of 3.5 millions, has been named one of the best island to visit in the world. It should be a very comfortable place for study. v 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 2nd Internatinal Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology : pave the way to a
better life
Organizers:

Patron
: 1. Prof. Dr. dr. I Made Bakta, Sp.PD (KHOM) (Rektor Unud) 2. Prof. Dr. I Komang Gede Bendesa, MADE (PR I) 3. Dr. Nyoman Arcana, Sp.Biok (PR II) 4. Prof. Drs. I Made Suastra, PhD. (PR IV) 1. Prof. Dr. Ir. I Gede Putu Wirawan, MSc. 2. Prof. Dr. dr. Ketut Swastika, SpPD (K) 3. Prof. Dr. dr. Ketut Suwiyoga, Sp.OG (K) 4. Prof.DR.dr.Raka Sudewi Steering Committee : Prof.Dr.Ir.I Nyoman Sutarpa Sutama, MS. Organizing Committee Chair : Dr Ir. Yenni Ciawi : Dr. Putu Supartana Dewa Ayu Anom, STP Publication, documentation, registration : Ir. I Gede Sukadarmika, MT Ir. Sri Anggreni Lindawati, MSi. Dra. Wiwik Susanah Rita, MSi. I Nyoman Sumerta Miwada, S.Pt., M.P. Ir. I Gede Suranjaya, M.Si. Accomodation/Transportation : Dr. Ir. Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam, MS. I Nengah Wirajana, SSi., MSi. Drs. Pararya Suryadipura, MS Ir. Wayan Adhiartayasa, MSi. Drs.Deny Suhernawan Yusup, MSc.St Drs. Made Sukadana, MSi : Prof. Dr. dr. Putu Astawa, Sp.BO I Putu Ari Astawa, S.Pt., M.P. Ir. I Gede Suarta, MSi Dr. dr. I Dewa Made Sukrama, M.Si., Sp.MK Academic/Event Content : Dr. Ir. Made Pharmawati, MSc. dr. Ni Nyoman Sri Budayanthi, Sp.MK Dr.drh. I. Nyoman Suarsana, MSi. : Dr. Ir. Ida Ayu Astarini, MSc. Ni Made Utami Dwipayanthi, ST., MBenv. Ni Made Hita Pratiwi, S.Si., MSc. Trisna A. Phabiola, SP., MSi. vi 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 : Ir.Ketut Ayu Yuliadhi, MP. Ir. I Gusti Ngurah Bagus, MS. Ir.A.A.Oka, MS. Ir. I Gusti Ayu Kunti Sri Panca Dewi, MSi Equipments Dr.Ir.Ketut Suada, MP. vii 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 CONFERENCE SCHEDULE
BIOSCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE
UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA, BALI


Thursday, 23 September 2010

Opening Ceremony Plenary Session I
Key note speech Moderator : Prof. IGP Wirawan
1. Prof. J. Sekiguchi : "Cell wall degradation and modification
enzymes of gram positive bacteria; History, important and future
aspects"
2. Dr. Ferry Sandra : "Stem cell and its microenvironment"
Discussion session Coffee Break
Plenary Session II
Invited Speaker Moderator : Prof. Mantik Astawa
3. Prof. K. U. Gollmer: "Online simulation of bioprocesses"
4. Dr. Jooyoung Cha: "Why are the networks forest ecosystem?"
-from the biology of armillaria and termitomyces-
5. Dr. Mitsuaki Ogata: "Conservation activities of an endangered
animal"
6. Prof. Kade Ngurah Mahardika: "The development of reverse
genetic to develop vaccine to control bird flu in poultry in Indonesia"
Discussion session Lunch Break/Poster Session
Poster Display no :
No. 01–21: PH 01- PH 21 No. 37–50: PEF 01- PEF 14
No. 22–34: PA 01- PA 13 No. 41–55: PBE 01-PBE 05
No. 35-36 : PA 26- PA 27
Parallel
Agritech &
Agriculture
Biodiversity &
session I
Food Tech
Mod: Dr. I Ketut Environment
Mod: Dr. Pharmawati 13.20 – 13.40 OH01-Diana
OEF01-I Wayan
OA01-I Komang
Chusna Mufida
Mudianta
Damar Jaya
Agustina P. Putri
Role outer membrane Structure and absolute Ground water use Allelic diversity of protein 55 kda Salmonella configuration of bioactive efficiency by maize crop Sampoerna agro's ekona typhi Jember isolated as 3-alkylpiperidine alkaloids under different pisifera oil palm based protein hemaglutinin and from a Balinese marine Irrigation techniques on microsatellite sponge of the genus Halichondria viii 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 13.40 – 14.00 OH02-Tetty
OEF02-Yossi
OA02-I Gede Rai
Wibisono
Maya Temaja
Plant community study In vitro release properties Optimalize genistein of Distinct characteristics of using non metric multi of ibuprofen-loaded rejected edamame soybean Chrysanthemum virus b dimensional scaling microspheres based on flour using β-glucosidase (cvb) isolated from (nmds) and detrended blends of poly(lactic acid) produced by bacteria Chrysanthemum in correspondence anaysis and poly(ε-caprolactone) ordination in Lake using polyvinylalcohol as Buyan-Tamblingan forest areas Bali 14.00 – 14.20 OH03-Eriska
OEF03-Anna I.
OA03-Nanik
OBE04-Iryanti E.
Setyowati
Suprihatin
Polymerase chain reaction Effect of amylose content Allelopathic effect of Is it possible to tract restriction fragment length and tempering time on Wedelia trilobata, down who's polluting polymorphism for beta characteristics of fresh rice Ageratum conyzoides, globin gene mutation flour-based spring roll Chromolaena odorata and detection at Suku Sunda Mikania micrantha on green mustard growth 14.20 – 14.40 OH04-Jimmy
OEF04-Ratu
OA04-Kumala
OBE05-Entin
Daningsih
Influenza h3 virus and Bioethanol fermentation Physiological respons of Population dynamics and human meta pneumovirus from sago (Metroxylon tomato (Lycopersicum identification of (hmpv) detected in sagu rottb.) Pith powder esculentum mill. cv. phosphate solubilizing patients with acute using cocultures pichia Tomat kaliurang ) treated bacteria in compost of respiratory infections in stipitis cbs 5773, with npk fertilizer and agricultural litters Moewardi Hospital Saccharomyces cerevisiae Surakarta, Indonesia d1/p3gi and zymomonas mobilis FNCC 0056 14.40 – 15.00 OH05-Al
OBE06-Ni Putu
Promoting potato tuber Ristiati
Study about Indonesian saccharification process of formation and tuber Isolation, identification blue botle jellyfish different sources of starch growth by the aplication and degradation capacity (Physalia phisalis) venom by glucoamylase and of anti-ga and watering the Test of petroleum from the waters of pullulanase in the glucose crops at different times degradation microbe syrup production from sea water in Celukan Bawang Harbour Buleleng 15.00– 15.20
Afternoon tea
Parallel
Agritech &
Agriculture
Biodiversity &
Session II
Food Tech
Environment
15.20 – 15.40 OH06-Afiono
OEF06-I Nengah
OA06-Ni L.P.
Agung Prasetyo
Wirajana
Manik Widiyanti
Wahyuntari
Hepatitis c virus 1a and 1c Construction of pyαf-af Anti surface unit (su) Selection of pancreatic in narcotic drugs users vector for secretion of α-l- antibody response of like amylase producing imprisoned in women arabinofuranosidase (abfa) balb/c mice immunized lactic acid bacteria and prison Semarang, in Saccharomyces with spleen and tissue partial characterization of cerevisiae culture vaccine of Jembrana disease virus 15.40 – 16.00 OH07-Sri Budiarti OEF07-James
Infectivity of lytic phage Sibarani
Muhammad Idris
Sari Nindhia
to epec (enteropathogenic Micropatterned bioactive Successive spawning Mitochondrial dna Escherichia coli ) from layer on nonbiofouling study on australian red cytochrome oxydase ii diarrheal patients surface for highly s/n claw crayfish (Cherax sequences analysis of immunoassay-based quadricarinatus) : i. Effect Bali starlings in West of protein and energy Bali and Nusa Penida content of feed on duration inter spawning 16.00 – 16.20 OH08-Desak
OEF08-Pande Gde OA08-Yuniati
OBE09-I Gusti
ix 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Ketut Ernawati
Lanang Oka
Identification of drug The development and The 5'-end non-coding Genetic relationship related problems at region and coding region between Gembrong goat, Sanglah Hospital ultrafiltration technology of polymerase gene Kacang goat and Kacang complex of bird flu virus x Etawah crossbred from poultry and swine in consentrating microalgae mitochondrial DNA for larviculture purposes 16.20 – 16.40 OH09-Aresanti
OEF09-Sri
OA09-I Nyoman
Tri Handayani
Fibrin glue: new Tamarind leaf extraction Small-scale organic addhesive substant for (Tamarindus indica l.) farming empowerment for fixation on pterygium lower-middle income encapsulation: study of community (a systematic antiradical and antioxidant approach for national food security and poverty reduction) END OF DAY 1
x 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Friday, 24 September 2010

Plenary Session III Key note speech
Moderator : Prof. Suastika
7. Prof. Kawakita: "Elicitors inducing plant defense responses"
8. Prof. Acram Taji: The use of in vitro breeding strategies in the
development of native plants
10.15 – 10.45
Coffee Break
Plenary Session IV Invited Speaker Moderator : Prof. Mahardika
10.45 – 11.05
9. Prof. Kei-Ichiro Maeda
10. Dr. Tatsuya Iwata: Structural analysis of the photoreactions of
flavin-binding proteins by FTIR spectroscopy
11. Prof. I G. P. Wirawan: Gene isolation by using transposon and
Ti-DNA Tagging methods
Special presentation by MONSANTO
Lunch Break/Poster Session
Poster Display no :
No. 01–21: PH 22- PH 42 No. 34–48: PEF 15- PEF 29
No. 22–33: PA 14- PA 25 No. 49–55: PBE 06-PBE 12
Parallel session Health
Agritech & Food
Agriculture
Agric, Biodiv,
environment
Mod: Dr. N. Sujaya Mod: Dr. Yan Ramona OH10-Fatma Z.
Semadi Antara
Embryogenic callus Mahaputra
Antibacterial effect of Using of Pediococcus induction from male Wijaya : FTIR study
acidilactici u318 powder as inflorescence of local banana cultivars with a of photorepair of single lactoferrin hydrolyzate starter culture in production view to produce strand DNA lesion by on Enterobacter of urutan: study on Fusarium wilt resistant cryptochrome dash sakazakii conditioning period and casing used in urutan plant via in vitro OEF11-Agung
OA11-Usman K.
Dwi Martadiani
Suryawan
Joko Suharjo
Th.Endang
Characteristic of carotid Wiranatha
Bringing down potato intima-media thickness Study of antioxidant (imt) of predialysis Widyastuti
activity of grape skin and elevations in Indonesia chronic kidney disease Effect of maturity stage of patients in Sanglah Carica papaya-Thailand From the solid waste of a General Hospital- a variety on lipids serum preliminary study profile of sprague dawley rats xi 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 OEF12-Dolih
OA12-I Made
OA14 – Armini
Faqihuddin
Formulation and evaluation Sustainable management Induction of embryogenic Molecular analysis of of compact powder with of land agriculture in cultures from endosperm, ns4b protein of hepatitis ethyl vitamin c in allyl Bali based on soil health nucelli, and zygotic c virus subtype 1a methacrylate crosspolymer embryos explants from (amp) as drug delivery immature seeds of mango (Mangifera indica l. var. Gedong gincu) OH14-I D. M.
OEF13-I N. Sujaya OA13-Indrawati, OA15- Kahar
Muzakhar
A novel of replacing The effect of effective Production and purification caco-2 cell with diarrheagenic pathogens microorganism-4 (em4) of lipase from Aspergillus Enterocyte mice to and starbio on the determine bacteria performance of cv And its possibility for α- adhesion activity in vitro (cherry valley) 2000 linolenic acid production duck during 0 – 4 weeks old 15.00– 15.30
Afternoon tea
Plenary Session V
15.30 – 16.00
Closing ceremony Best Presenter END OF DAY 2
SEE YOU AGAIN NEXT YEAR !!! xii 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 LIST OF ABSTRACT
CODE TITLE
KEYNOTE AND INVITED SPEECHES
CELL WALL DEGRADATION AND MODIFICATION ENZYMES OF GRAM- POSITIVE BACTERIA: HISTORY, IMPORTANCE AND FUTURE ASPECTS Sekiguchi J. STEM CELL AND ITS MICROENVIRONMENT. USE OF IN VITRO BREEDING STRATEGIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIVE PLANTS. ONLINE SIMULATION OF BIOPROCESSES Klaus-Uwe Gollmer . WHY ARE THE NETWORKS FOREST ECOSYSTEM? -FROM THE BIOLOGY OF ARMILLARIA AND TERMITOMYCES- Jooyoung Cha and IGP Wirawan . PERAN BIOTEKNOLOGI DALAM PERTANIAN PRESENTATION BERKESINAMBUNGAN THE DEVELOPMENT OF REVERSE GENETIC TO DEVELOP VACCINE TO CONTROL BIRD FLU IN POULTRY IN INDONESIA I Gusti Ngurah Mahardika, I Nyoman Suartha, and Melina Jonas . CONSERVATION ACTIVITIES OF AN ENDANGERED ANIMAL Mitsuaki Ogata . Kei-Ichiro Maeda . STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE PHOTOREACTIONS OF FLAVIN-BINDING PROTEINS BY FTIR SPECTROSCOPY Tatsuya Iwata . Gene Isolation by Using Transposon and T-DNA Tagging Methods I G.K. Susrama, I G.N. Bagus, and I G.P.Wirawan . ORAL PRESENTATION:
ROLE OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEIN 55 kDa Salmonella typhi JEMBER ISOLATED AS PROTEIN HEMAGLUTININ AND ADHESIN Diana Chusna Mufida, Candra Bumi, Heni Fatmawati . IN VITRO RELEASE PROPERTIES OF IBUPROFEN- xiii 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 LOADED MICROSPHERES BASED ON BLENDS OF POLY(LACTIC ACID) AND POLY(ε-CAPROLACTONE) USING POLYVINYLALCOHOL AS EMULSIFIER Tetty Kemala, Emil Budianto, Bambang Soegiyono . POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION RESTRICTION 10 FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM FOR BETA GLOBIN GENE MUTATION DETECTION AT SUKU SUNDA Eriska Riyanti, Rosita Roosje Oewen, Ani Melani Maskoen, Mieke Hemiawati Satari . INFLUENZA H3 VIRUS AND HUMAN META 10 PNEUMOVIRUS (HMPV) DETECTED IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN MOEWARDI HOSPITAL SURAKARTA, INDONESIA Jimmy Tanamas, Afiono Agung Prasetyo, Suradi, Harsini, Maryani, Seiji Kageyama, Hiroki Chikumi . STUDY ABOUT INDONESIAN BLUE BOTLE 11 JELLYFISH (PHYSALIA PHISALIS) VENOM FROM THE WATERS OF PAPUMA JEMBER Al Munawir . HEPATITIS C VIRUS 1A AND 1C IN NARCOTIC DRUGS USERS IMPRISONED IN WOMEN PRISON SEMARANG, INDONESIA Afiono Agung Prasetyo, Paramasari Dirgahayu, Hudiyono, Seiji Kageyama . INFECTIVITY OF LYTIC PHAGE TO EPEC 12 (ENTEROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI ) FROM DIARRHEAL PATIENTS IN INDONESIA Sri Budiarti . IDENTIFICATION OF DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS AT SANGLAH HOSPITAL DENPASAR BALI Desak Ketut Ernawati . NEW ADDHESIVE SUBSTANT FOR FIXATION ON PTERYGIUM SURGERY Ariesanti Tri Handayani . ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF LACTOFERRIN AND LACTOFERRIN HYDROLYZATE ON Enterobacter sakazakii Fatma Zuhrotun Nisa, Hafsyah Laili Nurwandari, Elza Ismail ……………………………………………………. CHARACTERISTIC OF CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA 15 THICKNESS (IMT) OF THE PREDIALYSIS CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS IN SANGLAH GENERAL HOSPITAL- A PRELIMINARY STUDY Elysanti Dwi Martadiani , Nyoman Sutarka, Ketut Suwitra, Raka Widiana, Jodi S Loekman, Wayan Sudana, Yeni Kandarini, Nyoman Margiani . MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF NS4B PROTEIN OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS SUBTYPE 1A Faqihuddin Ahmad, Afiono Agung Prasetyo, Sofina Kusnadi, Dewi Okta Anggraini, Medika Putri Perwita Sari . A NOVEL OF REPLACING CACO-2 CELL WITH ENTEROCYTE MICE TO DETERMINE BACTERIA ADHESION ACTIVITY IN VITRO xiv 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Sukrama, I D. M. ORAL PRESENTATION :
AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY AND FOOD SCIENCE
FTIR STUDY OF PHOTOREPAIR OF SINGLE STRAND DNA LESION BY CRYPTOCHROME DASH Wijaya I M Mahaputra, Yu Zhang, Tatsuya Iwata, Junpei Yamamoto, Shigenori Iwai a nd Hideki Kandori . STRUCTURE AND ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION OF BIOACTIVE 3-ALKYLPIPERIDINE ALKALOIDS FROM A BALINESE MARINE SPONGE OF THE GENUS HALICHONDRIA I Wayan Mudianta, Peter L. Katavic, Lynette K. Lambert, Patricia T. Hayes, Martin G. Banwell, Murray H. G. Munro, Paul V. Bernhardt, and Mary J. Garson .
OPTIMALIZE GENISTEIN OF REJECTED EDAMAME SOYBEAN FLOUR USING β-GLUCOSIDASE PRODUCED BY BACTERIA Yossi Wibisono, S.TP, MP. EFFECT OF AMYLOSE CONTENT AND TEMPERING TIME ON CHARACTERISTICS OF FRESH RICE FLOUR- BASED SPRING ROLL WRAPPERS (ORAL PRESENTATION) Ingani Widjajaseputra, Harijono, Yunianta, Teti Estiasih . BIOETHANOL FERMENTATION FROM SAGO 20 (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) PITH POWDER USING COCULTURES Pichia stipitis CBS 5773, Saccharomyces cerevisiae D1/P3GI AND Zymomonas mobilis FNCC 0056 Ratu Safitri, Dr.Bambang Marwoto, Peristiwati, Ria Khoirunnisa Apriyani . SYNERGISTIC SACCHARIFICATION PROCESS OF 20 DIFFERENT SOURCES OF STARCH BY GLUCOAMYLASE AND PULLULANASE IN THE GLUCOSE SYRUP PRODUCTION Yunianta . Construction of pYαF-Af Vector for Secretion of α-L-Arabinofuranosidase (AbfA) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae I Nengah Wirajana, Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih, Eddy Bagus Wasito . MICROPATTERNED BIOACTIVE LAYER ON 22 NONBIOFOULING SURFACE FOR HIGHLY S/N IMMUNOASSAY-BASED BIOSENSORS James Sibarani, Madoka Takai, Kazuhiko Ishihara . The Development Application of Ultrafiltration Technology on Aquaculture: Harvesting and Consentrating Microalgae for Larviculture Purposes Pande Gde Sasmita J. TAMARIND LEAF EXTRACTION (TAMARINDUS INDICA L.) ETHANOL-DEXTRIN ENCAPSULATION: STUDY O F ANTIRADICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT Sri Mulyani and Lutfi Suhendra . PEDIOCOCCUS ACIDILACTICI U318 23 xv 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 POWDER AS STARTER CULTURE IN PRODUCTION OF URUTAN: STUDY ON CONDITIONING PERIOD AND CASING USED IN URUTAN PRODUCTION Nyoman Semadi Antara, Ni Ketut Alit Warini, I Kadek Alex Artha Wiguna, Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam, I Gusti Ngurah Agung . STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GRAPE SKIN AND GRAPE SEED FROM THE SOLID WASTE OF A Agung Suryawan Wiranatha, Agung Raditya Wisesa Wedananta . FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF COMPACT POWDER WITH ETHYL VITAMIN C IN ALLYL METHACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER (AMP) AS DRUG DELIVERY Dolih Gozali, Marline Abdassah, Anang Subghan and Winda Annisaningtias . DEVELOPMENT OF PROBIOTIC FOR DIARRHEAGENIC EFFECT OF MATURITY STAGE OF CARICA PAPAYA- THAILAND VARIETY ON LIPIDS SERUM PROFILE OF SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS Th.Endang Widoeri Widyastuti . ORAL PRESENTATION :
AGRICULTURE
THE EFFICIENCY OF GROUND WATER USED BY MAIZE CROP UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION TECHNIQUES I Komang Damarjaya and I Nyoman Soemainaboedy . DISTINCT CHARACTERISTICS OF CHRYSANTHEMUM VIRUS B (CVB) ISOLATED FROM CHRYSANTHEMUM IN INDONESIA I Gede Rai Maya Temaja . ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF WEDELIA TRILOBATA, AGERATUM CONYZOIDES, CHROMOLAENA ODORATA AND MIKANIA MICRANTHA ON GREEN MUSTARD GROWTH Nanik Setyowati, Uswatun Nurjanah and Donly Avrin Togatorop . PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONS OF TOMATO (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. cv. Tomat Kaliurang ) TREATED WITH NPK FERTILIZER AND PACLOBUTRAZOL Kumala Dewi, Edy Widayanta, and Issirep Sumardi . PROMOTING POTATO TUBER FORMATION AND TUBER GROWTH BY THE APLICATION OF ANTI-GA AND WATERING THE CROPS AT DIFFERENT TIMES Fahrurrozi, Usman Kris Joko Suharjo, Sigit Sudjatmiko, dan Popi S . ANTI SURFACE UNIT (SU) ANTIBODY RESPONSE OF BALB/C MICE IMMUNIZED WITH SPLEEN AND TISSUE CULTURE VACCINE OF JEMBRANA DISEASE xvi 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 VIRUS Ni Luh Putu Manik Widiyanti . SUCCESSIVE SPAWNING STUDY ON AUSTRALIAN RED CLAW CRAYFISH (Cherax quadricarinatus) : I. EFFECT OF PROTEIN AND ENERGY CONTENT OF FEED ON DURATION INTER SPAWNING Muhammad Idris, Tjandra Anggraeni, Ahmad Ridwan, and Edy Yuwono . THE 5'-END NON-CODING REGION AND CODING REGION OF POLYMERASE GENE COMPLEX OF BIRD FLU VIRUS FROM POULTRY AND SWINE IN INDONESIA Kencana, G.A.Y., Asmara, W., Tabbu, C.R. , Mahardika, I.G.N.K . SMALL-SCALE ORGANIC FARMING EMPOWERMENT FOR LOWER-MIDDLE INCOME COMMUNITY (A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH FOR NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY AND POVERTY REDUCTION) Nyoman Sutarsa . EMBRYOGENIC CALLUS INDUCTION FROM MALE INFLORESCENCE OF LOCAL BANANA CULTIVARS WITH A VIEW TO PRODUCE FUSARIUM WILT RESISTANT PLANT VIA IN VITRO SELECTION Sugiyono, Alice Yuniaty, Lucky Prayoga . BRINGING DOWN POTATO CROPS TO LOWER 33 ELEVATIONS IN INDONESIA Usman Kris Joko Suharjo . SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF LAND 33 AGRICULTURE IN BALI BASED ON SOIL HEALTH I Made Adnyana . THE EFFECT OF EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISM-4 (EM4) AND STARBIO ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CV (CHERRY VALLEY) 2000 DUCK DURING 0 – 4 WEEKS OLD Indrawati, Laksmiwati, Ni Made, I Kadek Anom Wiyana . INDUCTION OF EMBRYOGENIC CULTURES FROM ENDOSPERM, NUCELLI, AND ZYGOTIC EMBRYOS EXPLANTS FROM IMMATURE SEEDS OF MANGO (MANGIFERA INDICA L. VAR. GEDONG GINCU) Ni Made Armini Wiendi, Okti Hanayani, Alex Hartana . PRODUCTION AND PURIFICATION OF LIPASE FROM ASPERGILLUS NIGER AND ITS POSSIBILITY FOR α-LINOLENIC ACID PRODUCTION Kahar Muzakhar . ORAL PRESENTATION:
BIODIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENT
ALLELIC DIVERSITY OF SAMPOERNA AGRO'S 36 EKONA PISIFERA OIL PALM BASED ON MICROSATELLITE MARKERS Lollie Agustina P. Putri, Ronan Rivallan, Sudarsono, Xavier Perrier, Dwi Asmono, Norbert Billotte . xvii 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 PLANT COMMUNITY STUDY USING NON METRIC MULTI DIMENSIONAL SCALING (NMDS) AND DETRENDED CORRESPONDENCE ANAYSIS ORDINATION IN LAKE BUYAN-TAMBLINGAN FOREST AREAS BALI Sutomo . IS IT POSSIBLE TO TRACT DOWN WHO'S POLLUTING Iryanti E Suprihatin . POPULATION DYNAMICS AND IDENTIFICATION OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA IN COMPOST OF AGRICULTURAL LITTERS Entin Daningsih, Muziati, Rita Junaini, Abdi Rahmadi, Ari Sunandar, Emi Minarti, Laili Fitri Yeni and Moch Budi Setiawan . ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND DEGRADATION CAPACITY TEST OF PETROLEUM DEGRADATION SEA WATER IN CELUKAN BAWANG HARBOUR, BULELENG Ni Putu Ristiati . SELECTION OF PANCREATIC LIKE AMYLASE 38 PRODUCING LACTIC ACID BACTERIA AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ENZYME Budiasih Wahyuntari . MITOCHONDRIAL DNA CYTOCHROME OXYDASE II SEQUENCES ANALYSIS OF BALI STARLINGS IN WEST BALI AND NUSA PENIDA CAPTIVITY Tjokorda Sari Nindhia, I.G.N.K. Mahardika and I Wayan Batan . GENETIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GEMBRONG 40 GOAT, KACANG GOAT AND KACANG X ETAWAH CROSSBRED BASED ON THEIR MITOCHONDRIAL DNA I Gusti Lanang Oka . POSTER PRESENTATION:
COMPARISON ON EFFECTIVENESS OF Chrysomyia rufifacies AND Musca domestica larvae IN EXTRACT TEST IN VITRO, EXTRACT TEST IN VIVO AND MAGGOT DEBRIDEMENT THERAPHY ON METHICILLIN-RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) INFECTED WOUNDS. Purnamasidhi, W . DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS FOR THE DETECTION OF 41 RABIES VIRUS IN HUMAN DGD. Dharma Santhi, DAP. Rasmika Dewi, A.A.N. Subawa . CELLULAR SIGNALING OF LEPTIN RESISTANCE IN I Gusti Ayu Dewi Ratnayanti . SURVEY THE NUMBER OF Coliform AND 42 xviii 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 IDENTIFICATION OF Escherichia coli IN SIOMAY VENDORS S RINSE WATER IN SUB-DISTRICT TEMBALANG, SEMARANG Dwi Sutiningsih . DESIGN RECOMBINANT PRODUCTION OF 43 LUMBROKINASE AND PREDICTION OF HOST WITH INSILICO MAPPING APPROACH Fadilah S.Si, M.Si . ANALYSIS INTERACTION OF NEURAMINIDASE 43 INHIBITOR OF INFLUENZA A FROM SPONGES COMPOUNDS BY MOLECULAR DOCKING APPROACH Fatmawaty . DIFFERENTIATION OF PLASMA IL-10/TNF-α RATIO BETWEEN OF Malaria falciparum PATIENTS WITH ANEMIA AND WITHOUT ANEMIA I Nyoman Wande . FORMULATION AND TEST OF STERILITY 44 STERILE COMBINATION GEL ALOE VERA EXTRACT (Aloe barbadensis Mill.) AND THE BANANA TREE TRUNK EXTRACT (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) Insan Sunan Kurniawan Syah . DIFFERENCES IN PLASMA ADIPONECTIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ON VARIOUS LEVELS OF HbA1c CONCENTRATION AS A CRITERIA OF DIABETES MELLITUS MONITORING Ni Made Linawati . THE ANALYISIS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) SUBTYPES ON S (Surface) REGION GENES FROM PATIENT IN MENGWI, BADUNG, BALI Made Agus Hendrayana, Retno Handajani . ENHANCEMENT PHALLOPLASTY AND GIRTH 46 ENHANCEMENT; IS IT REALLY NECESSARY FOR THE RECONSTRUCTION OF PENIS ENLARGEMENT I Made Oka Negara . THE POTENCY OF L-AMINO ACIDS AND DIPEPTIDES AS POTENTIATOR OF GABAB RECEPTORS IN RAT NEOCORTICAL SLICES Ni Made Puspawati, Rolf H Prager, David I.B.Kerr, and Jenny Ong . RESISTANCE OF Escherichia coli AND Klebsiella pneumonia PRODUCING EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASE (ESBL) OF THE THIRD GENERATION CEPHALOSPORIN IN CLINICAL LABORATORY DEPARTMENT SANGLAH HOSPITAL DENPASAR DAP. Rasmika Dewi . FORMULATION BURN INJURY GEL AMBON 48 BANANA'S STEM FRACTION AND ALOE VERA EXTRACT Sriwidodo . CHROMOGENIC METHOD IN ENDOTOXIN TESTING FOR INTRAVENA INJECTION PREPARATION Sohadi Warya . xix 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY of MOTHER STARTER KEFIR TOWARDS SALMONELLA STAPHYLOCOCCUS IN VITRO Lindawati,S.A., A.A.S.Kartini., H.Martini., I.N.S.Miwada, N.W. T, Inggriati., Nuraini., I.N.T.Ariana., A.T.Umiarti . ETHANOL LEVEL IN BLOOD OF WISTAR RATS AFTER ACUTELY PERORAL ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION Ni Made Suaniti . COLONIZATION OF LACTOBACILLUS SP. F2 IN THE INTESTINAL TRACT AND ITS FUNCTIONAL EFFECT TO REDUCE BLOOD CHOLESTEROL CONTENT OF RATS (Rattus norvegicus) W. Nursini, NP. Desy Aryantini, K.A. Nocianitri, Y. Ramona, W. Redi Aryanta and I N Sujaya . THE CORRELATION OF WORK STRESS, 51 NUTRITIONAL STATUS, AND METABOLIC SYNDROME IN ADULT MALE WORKERS Sutadarma IWG . PROTEIN PROFILE OF Anopheles sundaicus SALIVARY GLAND AS POTENSIAL TARGET FOR TRANSMISSION BLOCKING VACCINE (TBV) AGAINST MALARIA Yunita Armiyanti, Pulong Wijan Pralampita,Riska Arifani Kartika Senjarini. THE COMPARISON EFFECT OF NATURAL HONEY AND SYRUP OF STORAGE ROOT BALINESE SWEET PURPLE POTATOES (Ipomoea batatas L) LIPID PROFILE OF THE BLOOD IN RATS WITH HYPER CHOLESTEROL DIET dr. I Wayan Sumardika, M.Med. Ed, dr. I Made Jawi, M.Kes dr. A Wiwiek Indrayani,M.Kes . A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF FAMILY FUNCTION IN I Gusti Ayu Endah Ardjana, SpKJ (K) . MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA IN HASHIMOTO'S THYROIDITIS : A CASE REPORT dr. I Gusti Ayu Sri Mahendra Dewi, SpPA . AWAKE CRANIOTOMY FOR ELOQUENT AREA 54 IN SANGLAH HOSPITAL-BALI A CASE REPORT Niryana Wayan, Mahadewa Tjokorda, Golden Nyoman, Maliawan Sri . TRITERPENOID SAPONIN ANTITUMOR COMPOUND OF SAMBUNG NYAWA (Gynura procumbens [Lour.] Merr) LEAVES Sri Rahayu Santi, N.W Bogoriani, IM. Sukadana . PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA: A CASE REPORT OF A RARE ADRENAL TUMOR CAUSING HYPERTENSION Ni Putu Sriwidyani, Herman Saputra . PHACOEMULSIFICATION FOR BETTER VISION Nyoman Sunerti, Putu Yuliawati . SMOKING HABIT AT SCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENT xx 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 TO SEE FROM LEVEL OF MILD/SEVERE AND MOTIVATION FOR STOPING I Wayan Westa . THE DUALLY DIAGNOSA PATIENT SCHIZOPHRENIA AND SUBTANSTANCE USE DISORDERS AT PSYCHIATRIC DEPARTMENT SANGLAH HOSPITAL DENPASAR – BALI Nyoman Hanati . ADHERENCE OF BIFIDOBACTERIUM ISOLATED FROM INFANT FECES TOWARDS SALMONELLA TYPHI ON ENTEROCYTE BALB/c MICE Sukrama, I D. M. APOPTOSIS STUDY OF RED FRUIT OIL ETHANOL EXTRACTS (Pandanus conoideus Lam) ON CERVIX CANCER CELL LINE SiHa Ida Ayu Ika Wahyuniari, Agung Wiwiek Indrayani, IGN Sri Wiryawan Ni Made Linawati, IGA Dewi Ratnayanti . NUTRITION IN PREGNANCY RELATED FERRO 59 DEFISIENCY ANEMIA Dewi Wiryanthini IA . FUNCTION OF T-CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY 59 DURING TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTION NUTRITION IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 60 RELATED HOMOCYSTEINE AND VITAMIN B6 CYSTATHIONINE BETA SYNTHASE GENE POLYMORPHISM Ni Wayan Tianing . CYTOTOXICITY AND ANTIPROLIFERATIF EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT PURPLE SWEET POTATOES (Ipomoea batatas L) ON CELL LINE CERVIC CANCER SiHa dr. Agung Wiwiek Indrayani, M.Kes, dr. I Made Jawi, M.Kes, dr. Wayan Sumardika, M.Med. Ed, dr. Ida Ayu Ika Wahyuniari, Prof Dr. Ir. Dewa Ngurah Suprapta, M.Sc …… EFFECT OF CENTELLA ASIATICA EXTRACT ON THE LEVEL OF INTERLEUKIN 6 (IL-6) IN MICE I Nengah Kerta Besung and I N Mantik Astawa …………… MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS IN KEDUNG PANE PRISON SEMARANG, INDONESIA Afiono Agung Prasetyoa, Paramasari Dirgahayu, Hudiyono, Seiji Kageyama . HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF VITAMIN C AND VITAMIN E ON THE SWISS-WEBSTER MICE (MUS MUSCULLUS) THAT EXPOSED BY AFLATOXIN Ratu Safitri . SCREENING OF PENICILLIN G ACYLASE PRODUCING BACILLUS STRAINS AND CLONING OF THE PAC GENE Niknik Nurhayati ……………………………………………. CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF Bacillus subtilis AQ1 ENDOXYLANASE GENES IN Bacillus megaterium USING CONJUGATIONAL TRANSFORMATION METHOD Is Helianti …………………………………………………… xxi 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 CRI-DU-CHAT SYNDROME IN 1 YEAR AND 3 MONTHS OLD BALINESE GIRL I Gusti Ayu Trisna Windiani . CORRELATION BETWEEN THE DEGREE OF DIABETIC FOOT ULCER AND THE PERCENTAGE OF CD4+ CARRYING MALONDIALDEHYDE I W. P. Sutirta Yasa . POSTER PRESENTATION:
AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY AND FOOD SCIENCE
MODIFICATION OF CASSAVA STARCH WITH 65 OXIDATION TO IMPROVE BAKING EXPANSION Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani . EFFECT OF SOYBEAN PROTEIN DIET ON MUSCLE PROTEIN DEGRADATION IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS N.L.Ari Yusasrini, Zuheid Noor, Suparmo . THE USE OF POLARIMETRIC ASSAY FOR HONEY QUALITY DETERMINATION IN CORELATION WITH ITS TOTAL REDUCTION SUGAR CONTENT Ketut Ratnayani . DETERMINATION OF THE TUBER TYPES AS A DIET FOOD OF DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENT Bambang Admadi H. THE EFFECT OF CHLORINE CONCENTRATION ON THE VACUUM PACKED FRESH-CUT BAMBOO SHOOTS CHARACTERISTICS IN LOW TEMPERATURE STORAGE P.K. Diah Kencana, S.B. Widjarnako, B. Dwi Argo, Yunianta . UV-A OXIDATION FOR CASSAVA STARCH AND ACIDIFICATION TO IMPROVE BAKING EXPANSION Arifin Dwi Saputro, Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani . DELIGNIFICATION OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE WITH SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION BEFORE SACCHARIFICATION ENZIMATICALLY USING CRUDE CELLULASE FROM Aspergillus niger FNU 6018 Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam, Ni Made Wartini, A.A.M. Dewi Anggreni and Pande Made Suparyana . EFFECT OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF JACKFRUIT WOOD (Artocarpus integra Merr) ON THE GROWTH OF MICROBES DETERIORATING ARENGA PALM SAP DURING STORAGE I Nengah Kencana Putra . ETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM ACID HIDROLYSATE CASSAVA FLOUR WITH MIXED CULTURE Tricoderma viride AND Saccaromyces cerevisiae I Wayan ArnataDwi Setyaningsih, Nur Richana . EVALUATION LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION OF MILLET (PENNISETUM SP) ON SPRAGUE DAWLEY RAT GA. Kadek Diah. Puspawati . xxii 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 OPTIMIZING THERMAL PROCESS IN PRODUCING SIRSAK JAM WITHOUT ANY ADDITION OF PRESERVATIVES Komang Ayu Nocianitri , Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi Pudja, Sumiyati . THE INFLUENCE OF COMPARISON OF PURPLE SWEAT POTATOES FLOUR AND WHEAT FLOUR 70TOWARDS THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PAN CAKE Putu Timur Ina, Ni Ketut Ayu Royani Dewi . DESTRUCTION MACHINE DESIGN OF MUNICIPAL SOLID ORGANIC WASTE I Made Nada, I Putu Suparthana . EXAMINING THE RATIO OF WATER AND COW MANURE USING BIOREACTOR UAS (UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE) TO PRODUCE BIOGAS I A G Bintang Madrini, I G N Apriadi Aviantara, Ni Luh Yulianti, A A Istri Raka Pedrawati . PEF-16 TECHNOLOGY PACKAGING FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF MANGOSTEEN Niluh Yulianti, Sutrisno, Emmy Darmawati , I A Gde bintang Madrini . SURVIVAL OF FREEZE-DRIED LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS R21 IN THE PRESENCE SKIM MILK AS PROTECTANT DURING STORAGE Ni Nyoman Puspawati . STUDY OF WHEY POTENCY AS AN ELECTRICITY POWER SOURCE IN MFC (MICROBIAL FUEL CELL) SYSTEM USING LACTIC ACID BACTERIA Chandra Kurniawan, I Nyoman Pugeg Aryantha, Shinta Asarina . MICROBIOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND SENSORIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FERMENTED MILK PRODUCED BY PROBIOTIC LACTOBACILLUS SP. SKG34 A.A. Nanak Antaraini, N.P. Desy Aryantini I W. Redi Aryanta and I N. Sujaya . OPTIMATION OF INSTANT LEDOK PROCESSING 75 I Ketut Suter, I Made Sugitha, I Nengah Kencana Putra, I Putu Suparthana, Ni Made Yusa, K.A. Nocianitri dan Ni Wayan Wisaniyasa . THE INFLUENCE OF SKIM MILK POWDER 75 CONCENTRATION ON MICROENCAPSULE CHARACTERISTICS OF SALAM LEAF (Eugenia polyantha Wight.) FLAVOR EXTRACT Ni Made Wartini . THE INFLUENCE OF SUBSTITUTION WHEAT FLOUR WITH YELLOW PUMKIN (Cucurbita moschata ex. Poir) ON CAROTEN CONTENT AND CHARACTERISTIC OF SWEET BREAD Wisaniyasa, Ni Wayan . THE EFFECT OF SUGAR CONCENTRATION AND xxiii 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 WARMING TEMPERATURE ON CHARACTERISTIC OF TAMARILLO (Cyphomandra betacea) JAM Ni Wayan Wisaniyasa, Agus Selamet Duniadji and Mawarto Sitepu . ANALYSIS COMPOUNDS AND TOXICITY TEST OF ESSENTIAL OILS CORIANDER SEEDS (CORIANDRUM SATIVUM L.) Wiwik Susanah Rita, I Wayan Suirta, Ni Wayan Nita Ulantari . PROFILE BETA AND ALPHA CELLS OF PANCREATIC TISSUE ON DIABETIC RAT GIVEN TEMPE ISOFLAVONE I Nyoman Suarsana . GENETIC IDENTIFICATION AND CARBOHYDRATES METABOLISMS OF LACTOBACILLUS SP. SKG34, A BILE-SALT HYDROLYZING LACTOBACILLUS ISOLATED FROM SUMBAWA MARE MILK N.P. Desy Aryantini, W. Nursini, A.A. Nanak Antaraini, K. A. Nocianitri, Y. Ramona, W Redi Aryanta, and I N. Sujaya . THE CHARACTERISTIC OF BABY BISCUIT WHICH MADE FROM THE KIND OF BANANA'S FLOUR PROTEASE ACTIVITY OF PROTEIN FRACTION 79 CONTAINING RECOMBINANT ACTINIDIN EXPRESSED IN Saccharomyces cerevisiae Anak Agung Made Dewi Anggreni, Triwibowo Yuwono, and Sukarti Moeljopawiro . ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SELECTED COMERCIAL SEAWEEDS IN BALI K. Sri Marhaeni Julyasih . POSTER PRESENTATION:
AGRICULTURE
ORNAMENTATION STRUCTURE OF FLOWER POLLEN ON ENTOMOPHYLI POLLINATION Ni Putu Adriani Astiti . WEIGHT LOSS AND RESPIRATION RATE OF SALAK FRUIT IN MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE USING POLYETHYLINE PLASTIC PACKAGING AT VARIOUS PERFORATION Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi Pudja . SOYBEAN (Glycine max (L) Merrill) IN PLANTA TRANSFORMATION OF SUNFLOWER ALBUMIN GENE USING Agrobacterium tumefaciens Suberata I Wayan and Suparthana I Putu . HOW TO USE AND TREAT LAND POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT OF Gladiolus hybridus Made Ria Defiani . CHROMOSOMES OBSERVATION ON CULTIVARS OF Brassica napus Made Pharmawati, A.A. Gde Indraningrat, Ni Nyoman xxiv 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 RESPONSE OF OFFERING PANCREAS EXTRACT AND RATION SUPLEMENTED BY PROBIOTIC ON CARCASS, BLOOD SUGAR CONCENTRATION, AND BLOOD LIPID PROFILE TO BROILER Tjokorda Gede Belawa Yadnya and Anak Agung Ayu Sri Trisnadewi …………………………………………………… REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND FOETUS 84 SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT OF MICE (Mus musculus L.) AFTER TREATED BY YOUNG PINEAPPLE (Ananas comosus) EXTRACT. Iriani Setyawati, S.Si., M.Si. EFFECT OF BALANCE ENERGY – PROTEIN RATION FOR PERFORMANCE OF KAMPUNG CHICKENS G. A. M. Kristina Dewi, I Ketut Astiningsih , R.R. Indrawati, I Made Laksmiwati and I Wayan Siti . SOMATOTROPIN SUPPLEMENTATION TO IMPROVE SKIN AND BONE COLLAGEN CONCENTRATION ON OF SIX-MONTH AND ONE-YEAR OLD FEMALE RATS Ni Wayan Sudatri . BIOSORPTION OF CR(III) ION ON NITRIC ACID TRATED-ALGAE EUCHEUMA SPINOSUM BIOMASS I Wayan Sudiarta, S.Si., M.Si . APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION TO INCREASE LITTER SIZE ON PIG NLG Sumardani, IP Arnaya, IP Gede Bawa . INHIBITION POTENCY of Streptomyces sp. TO 86 PATHOGENIC FUNGI Fusarium sp. CAUSES STEM ROT DESEASE of Aloe barbadensis Mill. USE OF WATER-PLANT FERMENTED WITH Aspergillus niger LEVELS IN DIET ON VILLAGE CHICKENS PERFORMANCE AND NUMBER LACTIC ACID BACTERIA DIGESTIVE TRACT I Nyoman Sutarpa Sutama, S A Lindawati and M Artiningsih AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF DICTYOTA PATENS Ida Ayu Raka Astiti Asih , Ni GAM Dwi Adhi Suastuti and Eti Meirina Brahmana . EVALUATION OF UREA AMMONIATED RICE STRAW AS A SOURCE OF ROUGHAGE FOR GROWING GOAT Tjok Gede Oka Susila . SEROPREVALENCE Q FEVER IN BALI CATTLE (BOS SONDAICUS) AT BALI PROVINCE BY INDIRECT IMMUNOFLOURESCENT ANTIBODY ASSAY METHOD Hapsari Mahatmi, Tjok Gde OkaPemayun, Agus Setiyono . DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF 88 COCONUT MILK INTERACTED WITH MILK AS AN ATTEMPT TO DIVERSIFY YOGHURT PRODUCTS Miwada, IN.S., M. Hartawan, A.A. Kartini, S.A. Lindawati, G. Suranjaya, T. Ariana and A.T. Umiarti …………………… EFFICACY OF RIPE PAPAYA SEED POWDER AGAINST ASCARIS SUUM IN PIGS Ardana Ida Bagus Komang ……………………………… THE SUPPLEMENTATION OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL xxv 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 (VCO) IN THE DIET TO DECREASED BROILER MEAT CHOLESTEROL Ni W. Siti, I M. Mudita, I P. Ari Astawa, Ni M. Witariadi, N. Tirta. A. and Ni N. Candraasih K . ATTEMPT TO INCREASE THE LITTER SIZE OF BALI GILTS BY INJECTING P.G. 600 AND FEEDING GLUCOSE Suyadnya, P. THE EFFECT OF UREA AND PIGS MANURE BOKHASI AND ITS COMBINATION ON PRODUCTIVITY OF Stenotaphrum secundatum UNDER COCONUT TREE N.N. Candraasih K, N.G.K. Roni and T.G.O. Susila . TOXOPLASMA GONDII SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS WITH ANTIGEN GRA1 AND MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS BASED ON THE TACHYZOITE AND BRADIZOITE SEQUENCE SPECIFIC STAGE (SAG1 AND BAG1 Ida Ayu Pasti Apsari . OPTIMIZING VITAMIN-MINERAL SUPPLEMENTATION IN KING GRASS-BASED RATIONS TO MAXIMIZE RUMEN MICROBIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PRODUCTIVITY OF BALI CATTLE Ida Bagus Gaga Partama . PRODUCTION OF FUSARIC ACID AND 92 EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES ON Fusariumoxysporum MEDIA CULTURE WHICH FED BY EXTRACT OF MARINE ANIMAL Aglaophenia sp. I Ketut Suada, Ni Wayan Suniti, I Putu Sudiarta, I Gusti Ngurah Bagus, and I Gede PutuWirawan ……………. LEVEL OF BIOSECURITY IMPLEMENTATION ON THE POULTRY FARMS IN BALI Suciani., N.P. Sarini, IGAA. Ambarawati, AA.Oka, G. Suranjaya, M. Dewantari, I N. Ardika and Kt. Warsa P. THE EFFECT OF THE MOWING HEIGHT ON MOWING TORQUE AND QUALITY OF TURFGRASS TIFF WAY 146 I Putu Surya Wirawan . POSTER PRESENTATION:
BIODIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENT
PRELIMINARY STUDY OF CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIA IN RICE STRAW DECOMPOSITION Sattya Arimurti, Aisyah and Kahar Muzakhar . INVITRO ANALYSIS OF MICROBES ISOLATED FROM RICE STRAW STUFF AGAINST PATHOGENS Sutoyo, Erma Kuswantina and Sattya Arimurti . DIVERSITY OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM 95 COASTAL BANDEALIT JEMBER BASED ON BOX-PCR AND BIOLOG GN2 MICROPLATE Kartika Senjarini, Herawati and Sattya Arimurti . ISOLATION OF THERMOACIDOPHILIC BACTERIA FROM KAWAH BEUREUM, KAMOJANG, GARUT Maria Ulfah …………………………………………………. xxvi 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 THE INVENTORY OF MOLLUSC SPECIES WHICH THE SHELL WERE SOLD AS SOUVENIR IN NUSA DUA BEACH, BALI Ni Made Suartini, Ni Wayan Sudatri, A.A.Raka Dalem . THE DETERMINATION OF ABSORPTION CAPACITY OF ECENG GONDOK (Eichornia crassipes (Mart) Solms TO Pb, Cu AND Cd IN WATER BY THE APPLICATION OF SOLVENT EXTRACTION WITH METHYL ISOBUTHYL KETONE Emmy Sahara . DISTRIBUTION OF Pb AND Cu IN SEDIMENT AND SEAWATER ALONG SANUR BEACH BIOREMEDIATION OF DETERGENT-CONTAINING LAUNDERETTE WASTES USING MICROBIAL CONSORTIA OF PONDS Yan Ramona, I Wayan Budiarsa Suyasa, and Esti Arisetya Dewi ………………………………………. ANALISIS FISIO-AKUSTIK UNTUK PENENTUAN 98 WAKTU TUNDA PANTULAN DINI OPTIMUM DARI MEDAN SUARA PADA GEDUNG KONSER MUSIK ANGKLUNG Anugrah Sabdono S . ANALISIS FISIO – AKUSTIK UNTUK MENENTUKAN PARAMETER AKUSTIK OPTIMUM UNTUK MUSIK GAMELAN JAWA Prisanti Putri …………………………………………………. THE EFFECT OF LAND USE TYPE ON BIRD 99 COMMUNITY IN NORTH BANDUNG AREA, WEST JAVA Dini Fardila …………………………………………………. PLANKTON PRODUCTION FOR BIOFUEL: THE EFFECT OF SILICATE CONCENTRATION ON GROWTH AND THE DETERMINATION OF ITS FAT CONTENT Ciawi, Y, Arya, W, Taman, G.L, Suastuti, N.G.A.M, Wirawan, IG.P. …………………………………………… xxvii 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 I. KEYNOTE AND INVITED SPEECHES
KEYNOTE SPEECH 1
CELL WALL DEGRADATION
AND MODIFICATION ENZYMES OF GRAM- POSITIVE BACTERIA: HISTORY,
IMPORTANCE AND FUTURE ASPECTS
Sekiguchi J.
The Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15- 1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan Gram-positive bacteria contains more than 10 cell wall hydrolase genes, and the spore-forming bacteria like Bacillus subtilis generally contains more than 30 genes. The cell wall hydrolases are associated with various cellular functions such as cell growth, cell separation, cell wall turnover, motility, cell lysis, infection, and differentiation (sporulation, and germination). These enzymes contain various substrate specificities. On the other hand, cell wall modification enzymes are also important for antibiotic sensitivity, and also sporulation and germination. In this presentation, I introduce various cellular functions of cell wall degradation and modification enzymes from B. subtilis and propose future aspects of these enzymes. KEYNOTE SPEECH 2
STEM CELL AND ITS MICROENVIRONMENT
Ferry Sandra
Stem Cell and Cancer Institute, Jl. Jend. A, Yani No.2, Jakarta Timur 13210, Indonesia Somatic stem cells are maintained and regulated by their surrounding microenvironment (niche). A tissue specific niche is a restricted locale that supports self renewing division of stem cells. Stem cell niche is a phrase loosely used in the scientific community to describe the microenvironment in which stem cells are found, which interacts with stem cells to regulate stem cell fate. Adult stem cells and their more committed skin, progenitor cells, are prized by medical researchers for their ability to produce different types of specialized cells. The potential of using these cells to repair or replace damaged tissue holds great promise for regenerative medicine. Previous studies on how microenvironments affect the development of adult human stem or progenitor cells have been based on the behavior of these cells in culture (in vitro) where they are exposed to a single molecular agent. However, when these cells are in an actual human being (in vivo) they are surrounded by a multitude of other cells plus a supporting network of fibrous and globular proteins called the extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as many other nearby molecules, all of which may be simultaneously sending them instructional signals. In our current research, we tried to modify the stem cell microenvironment by adding some of potential agents that resulted in an increasing phenomenon of stem cell growth. Our current results have shown that microenvironment could affect in the proliferation of fibroblast. Hence, in this short communication we could conclude an early suggestion of the importance of stem cell microenvironment. 1 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 KEYNOTE SPEECH 3
USE OF IN VITRO BREEDING STRATEGIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIVE
Acram Taji
Faculty of Science and Technology, Queensland University of Technology Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, Qld, 4000, Australia Richard Williams
Faculty of Natural Resources, Agriculture and Veterinary Science University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, 4343, Australia Plant biotechnology has emerged as a powerful tool of crop improvement and has aroused a great deal of interest in many countries because of its application to agriculture and horticulture. We report here the application of a number of in vitro plant breeding techniques such as micropropagation, in vitro flowering, in vitro pollination and fertilisation, anther culture, somatic embryogenesis, and gene technology in the development of Australian native plants. The report covers an overview of our experience working with Australian plants in the past 25 or so years. Many of these plants have the potential to become future floricultural products. INVITED SPEECH 1
ONLINE SIMULATION OF BIOPROCESSES
Klaus-Uwe Gollmer
University of Applied Sciences Trier, Germany Modeling and simulation is a widely accepted tool for bioprocess optimization. The mathematical description of the reactor and the biology assisted the engineering process in a wide range of applications, for example in plant development and control [Heinzle et al. 2007]. Thus the theoretical analysis offers a lot of insight into the biological behavior and helps to drive the bioprocess in a more efficient state [Sarwari et al., 2009]. Normally the numerical calculation will be done in an offline fashion. That means, the output is a complete time-trajectory of the simulated bioprocess without direct coupling to the process. Running the simulation in parallel to the bioprocess (in real-time) enables the wide field of online process diagnosis, state prediction and optimization (Fig. 1). A common example is a Kalman-Filter based approach for the estimation of biomass and product concentration in a fed-batch fermentation [Zhang, 2009]. Fig. 1: Software-sensors and state estimation: Online-simulation is running in parallel to the real process. The substitution of the real process by a dynamic model leads to another common application of online-simulation. 2 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Fig. 2: Hardware in the loop approach: Real process is replaces by a simulation. This hardware in the loop technique is a well suited tool for the development of automation systems. One application is the tuning of low level control loops, such as temperature control, were the optimal PID parameter could be obtained by simulation. Fig.3: Hardware in the loop approach. Simulation results (top) and real process (bottom). Replacing the complete system by a virtual bioreactor, which is a full-scope model of the bioprocess including the reactor periphery, allows for a new type of application [Fig. 4]. Fig. 4: Subsystems of a full-scope model. Such a tool could be very helpful for student education [Hass and Pörtner, 2009], operator-training and during the development of process strategies [Luttman and Gollmer, 2000]. The virtual bioreactor acts like a "flight-simulator" and enables the user to grasp the complex impacts of the applied control actions (Fig. 5). 3 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010

Fig. 5: Simulation of a virtual bioreactor.
Due to rewind and fast-mode operation the trained scenarios could be repeated as long as the
suggested process output is reached.
Thus the virtual bioreactor prevents the real hardware from damage, saves a lot of time and
natural resources (media, energy, human power).

References:
Hass, V.C., Pörtner, R. Praxis der Bioprozess-technik, Spektrum 2009 (in German).
Heinzle, E., Biwer, A., Cooney C., Development of sustainable Bioprocesses, Wiley, 2007
Luttmann, R., Gollmer, K.-U.,Online-simulation techniques for bioreactor control
development. In Schügerl and Bellgardt (Eds.), Modeling and Control, Bioreaction
Engeineering, Springer, 2000.
Sarwari, H., Kaiser, C., Peuker, T. Luttmann, R., Gollmer, K.-U., Modelling of GFP
production in a HCDC of recombinant E. coli, 7th European Symposium on Chemical
Engineering Science, 2008.
Zhang, H., Software sensors and their application in bioprocess. In Nicoletti and Jain (Eds.)
Computational Intelligence Techniques for Bioprocess Modelling, Supervision an Control,
Springer, 2009
INVITED SPEECH 2
WHY ARE THE NETWORKS FOREST ECOSYSTEM?
-FROM THE BIOLOGY OF ARMILLARIA AND TERMITOMYCES-
Jooyoung Cha1 and IGP Wirawan2
1Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Nayoro, 096-0071, Japan. E-mail: [email protected]. 2Professor of Genetic Engineering, Udayana University, Bali, 80361, Indonesia. In 1992, the prestigious journal Nature reported that the largest and oldest organism that is alive on earth is Armillaria. It is neither a plant nor an animal. Then, what is the secretive life style that makes it possible to have 1,500 years of longevity? How big is it? Also, I reported the relationship that Armillaria and other fungi have with other living creatures like plants and animals in the forest. Armillaria has an important role of the network formation in the forest ecosystems. And then, I will introduce termites that cultivate mushrooms, Termitomyces. It had mentioned from the previous study that mushrooms grow on dead and wasted comb. But that is obviously misleading. Based on the findings from our study, we can conclude that the comb that grows mushrooms are used and actively controlled by termites. 4 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 SPECIAL PRESENTATION
PERAN BIOTEKNOLOGI DALAM PERTANIAN BERKESINAMBUNGAN
Monsanto
Pemuliaan tradisional dan rekayasa genetika secara tradisional petani telah melakukan perbaikan tanaman melalui proses penyilangan dan pemulian tanaman. Sebagai contoh melalui tahap penyilangan dan seleksi tanaman yang lebih besar, kuat, dan lebih tahan terhadap penyakit selama puluhan bahkan ratusan tahun yang lalu, petani dan pemulia tanaman telah berhasil membuat taman padi, jagung, dan tebu, yang berdayahasil tinggi dan memiliki kualitas panen yang lebih baik. Pemuliaan tradisional telah banyak membantu dalam peningkatan produktivitas pertanian dalam kurun waktu 50 tahun terakhir. Data FAO (1992) menunjukkan peningkatan hasil biji-bijian per hektar dari rata-rata 1.1 ton pada tahun 1950 menjadi 2.8 ton padatahun 1992, namun karena jumlah penduduk yang jauh lebih besar, kini peningkatan hasil harus lebih dari itu. Ahli demografi pada Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa menyatakan penduduk dunia kini mencapai enam milyar orang, atau dua kali lipat dari jumlah penduduk 50 tahun yang lalu. Diperkirakan populasi dunia akan mencapai sembilan milyar pada 50 tahun mendatang. Untuk mencukupi kebutuhan penduduk yang terus bertambah dengan pesat ini diperlukan lahan pertanian yang terus bertambah luasnya. Sementara itu, ketersediaan lahan untuk pertanian semakin lama semakin berkurang karena diubah peruntukannya menjadi lahan perumahan dan industri. Diperlukan terobosan-terobosan teknologi pertanian untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian. Seperti diyakini para pakar, rekayasa genetika merupakan satu teknologi dalam pertanian yang berpeluang untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian (Swaminathan, 1999, McGloughlin, 1999) dan telah berkembang pesat dalam kurun waktu lima belas tahun terakhir ini. Prinsip dari rekayasa genetika sama dengan pemuliaan tanaman, yaitu memperbaiki sifat-sifat tanaman dengan menambahkan sifat-sifat ketahanan terhadap cekaman makhluk hidup pengganggu maupun cekaman lingkungan yang kurang menguntungkan serta memperbaiki kualitas nutrisi makanan. Perbedaannya adalah rekayasa genetika memiliki kemampuan untuk memanfaatkan gen-gen yang tidak dapat dipergunakan dalam pemuliaan konvensional karena terhalang oleh pembatas penyerbukan. Melalui proses rekayasa genetika telah berhasil dikembangkan tanaman dengan ketahanan terhadap organisme pengganggu seperti serangga, penyakit, dan gulma, yang sangat merugikan tanaman (James, 1998). Beberapa produk tanaman hasil rekayasa genetika telah dipasarkan sejak thaun 1996. Berbagai penelitian telah dilakukan, seperti tanaman padi emas "golden rice" yang mengandung provitamin A pada padi, kedelai dengan kandungan asam lemak omega 3, kedelai dengan profil asam lemak yang baik dan masih banyak lagi. Hasil produk rekayasa genetika diyakini oleh pakar sebagai terobosan teknologi yang berpotensi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian per unit lahan yang diperlukan untuk mengimbangi jumlah pertambahan penduduk. Untuk menjamin keamanan produk pertanian hasil rekayasa genetika terhadap lingkungan maupun terhadap kesehatan, produk-produk ini harus melewati proses pengujian sebelum dipasarkan. Metoda-metoda pengujian keamanan produk pertanian hasil rekayasa genetika tersedia dan penelitian atas tanaman transgenik yang kini dipasarkan telah diakui keamanan pangan maupun keamanannya terhadap lingkungan oleh badan-badan pengatur di negara-negara lain.   KEYNOTE SPEECH 4
ELICITORS INDUCING PLANT DEFENSE RESPONSES
Kawakita
5 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 KEYNOTE SPEECH 5
THE DEVELOPMENT OF REVERSE GENETIC TO DEVELOP VACCINE TO
CONTROL BIRD FLU IN POULTRY IN INDONESIA
1I Gusti Ngurah Mahardika, 1I Nyoman Suartha, and 2Melina Jonas 1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Udayana University Bali 2PT Medion Bandung Indonesia The avian influenza virus (AIV) of H5N1 subtype, popularly known as bird flu virus, is endemic in poultry in Indonesia. The continuous circulation of the virus enhances its possibility to undergo genetic changes which may lead to the generation of fatal and pandemic strain. The most recent data show that the virus has high diversity in Indonesia, in which a monovalent vaccine will not be enough to protect chicken against field isolates. Moreover, we have proofed that the conventional killed influenza vaccine could not reduce virus shedding of the infected chicken. Although the bird remains healthy due to the protection level following vaccination, it is continuously contaminating environment and spreading to other birds and human. To overcome the problem, a polyvalent vaccine that contains some circulating isolates is proposed. To induce protection in the mucosa of the bird, so the virus excretion of infected chicken can be suppressed, a live recombinant Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) carrying the protective immunogenic antigen of AIV, will be important in reducing the economical impact of the disease as well as the risk of the generation of pandemic strain. The recombinant NDV-AIV will be beneficial for poultry industry as it will also reduce the economical impact of NDV disease. Both AIV polyvalent vaccine and recombinant NDV-AIV will be created using reverse genetic technique. In this paper, the academic background of such development is described. The progress of the introduction of reverse genetic in Indonesia is also presented. KEYNOTE SPEECH 6
CONSERVATION ACTIVITIES OF AN ENDANGERED ANIMAL
Mitsuaki Ogata
Preservation and research center, city of Yokohama, Japan Bali starling (Leucopsar rothschildi) is an endemic bird of Bali islands, assigned as critical endangered species. Several conservation activities for the bird had been carried out. However, any wild birds could not be observed at 2006. Newly reintroduction program started at 2007. More then one hundred captive birds were released in Taman national Bari barat where is known as the last natural habitat of the bird. As a result, the wild bird increased about fifty in 2009. And surprisingly, breeding among released birds were also succeeded. Yokohama research center, where breeds over one hundred captive Bali starling, cooperate this reintroduction program thorough supplying Bali starling, development of educational program for local conservation activity, and cooperating DNA analysis of the bird. These supports from Yokohama will be continued until the wild population can recover perfectly. 6 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 INVITED SPEECH 3
Kei-Ichiro Maeda
INVITED SPEECH 4
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE PHOTOREACTIONS OF FLAVIN-BINDING
PROTEINS BY FTIR SPECTROSCOPY
Tatsuya Iwata
CenterforFostering Young andInnovativeResearchers, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan. Of photoreceptors in organisms, phototropin (Phot),cryptochrome (Cry) and BLUF-domain-containing proteins have flavin (FMN or FAD) as a chromopore. Interestingly, light-signal transductions in LOV domain of Phot,Cry and BLUF domain are initiated by different photoreactions, flavin-cysteine adduct formation, reduction and rearrangement of hydrogen-bonding network, respectively (Figure 1). My purpose of the research is to elucidate the control mechanisms of the photoreaciton of flavin. We have used light-induced difference FTIRspectroscopy in order to reveal molecular mechanism of photoreactions of flavin-binding photoreceptors. FTIR spectroscopy is a powerful method to obtain information as to structural changes of peptide backbone (from C=O stretching vibration), protonation states and hydrogen-bonding alteration of X−H groups (X = N, O, S), which are difficult to be obtainedfrom the X-ray crystallographic analysis. For example, we determined theprotonation states of the reactive cysteine in the unphotolyzed [1] and triplet-excited [2] states of LOV domain from the analysis of S-H stretching vibration. In this symposium, I will present our recent FTIR studies of flavin-binding photoreceptors andphotolyase (Phr). Phris a DNA repair protein by use of near UV light.Though physiological functions of Phrare entirely differentfrom those of Cry, Phrand Cry have the same protein architecture. Unique protein structural changes obtained by the FTIR analysis will be discussed in relation to their functions. LOV domain Cryptochrome (Photolyase) Figure 1. Photoreactions of flavin-binding [1] Iwata et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 11840 (2002). [2] Sato et al.J. Am. Chem. Soc.127, 1088 (2005). 7 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 INVITED SPEECH 5
Gene Isolation by Using Transposon and T-DNA Tagging Methods
I G.K. Susrama, I G.N. Bagus, and I G.P.Wirawan* Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University Kampus Jl. Sudirman, Denpasar-Bali, Indonesia Transposon use in this study was a Tn5 that harboring a kanamicine resistant gene, dan T-DNA used was only a Left Border(LB) and Right Border (RB) of a T-DNA and kanamicine and GUS were used as reporter genes. Transposon tagging as well as the T-DNA tagging methods is a useful technique and commonly use in isolating gene of interest. We have used these methods for many of our experiments and it works successfully. This include isolation of acvB gene of Agrobacterium tumefaciens , isolation of CVPDr gene, as well as isolation of a gene that encoded astaxanthin from sea weed. First, we found that acvB gene of A. tumefaciens is a chromosomal virulent gene, which later on known as the first gene found in the world that play an important role in the transfer of DNA into host plant cells. The protein that encoded by acvB gene is a ssDNA binding protein which is located in periplasm of A, tumefaciens. Our second experiment discovered CVPDr gene, that is resistant gene for citrus greening disease that caused by Liberobacter asiaticum. This CVPDr gene can be used to transform citrus plant in vitro and in planta to generate transgenic plants of citrus. Meanwhile, overexpression of CVPDr gene resulted in a protein that can be use for producing substances responsible to control the citrus greening disease. Our latest experiment is isolation of Astaxanthin, a carotenoid from sea weeds. Astaxanthin is well-known as strong antioxidant which make it as an essential substance for producing medicines, cosmetics, and food supplements. Keywords : Transposon, T-DNA, acvB gene, CVPDr Gene, Astaxanthin. *Corresponding author. 8 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 II. ORAL PRESENTATIONS
ROLE OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEIN 55 kDa Salmonella typhi JEMBER
ISOLATED AS PROTEIN HEMAGLUTININ AND ADHESIN
Diana Chusna Mufida *, Candra Bumi**, Heni Fatmawati***
*Laboratorium mikrobiologi FK-Unej **Laboratorium, Epidemiologi dan Biostatistika FKM –Unej *** Laboratorium Histologi FK-Unej Salmonella typhi is an obligate pathogen that usually found in clinical specimen from typhoid fever patients. The pathogenic mechanism of bacteria are not fully elucidated especially its potential activity of the outer membrane protein (OMP) as hemaglutinin and adhesion molecule. After identification, bacterial isolate of outer membrane protein fraction 12.5% SDS-PAGE were used to isolate OMP followed by hemaglutinin test and invitro adhesion test. The study showed that the 53 kDa protein of S. typhi plays role as a hemaglutinin protein that could agglutinate the erythrocytes of Wistar mouse. The 53 kDa OMP is also role as adhesion protein. It showed by its activity to adherence Wistar mice's enterocyt. The increase dose of 53 kDa OMP will decrease the amount of S. typhi bacteria that adherence to Wistar mouse's enterocyt. Keywords: Salmonella typhi, OMP, adhesin, hemaglutinin IN VITRO RELEASE PROPERTIES OF IBUPROFEN-LOADED MICROSPHERES
BASED ON BLENDS OF POLY(LACTIC ACID) AND POLY(ε-CAPROLACTONE)
USING POLYVINYLALCOHOL AS EMULSIFIER
Tetty Kemala1,2, Emil Budianto1, Bambang Soegiyono1
1 Materials Science, University of Indonesia, 2 Department of Chemistry, Bogor Agricultural University, ([email protected]) Microencapsulation of ibuprofen in polyblend (poly(lactic acid) and poly(ε-caprolactone) has been studied by using the oil-in-water emulsification solvent-evaporation technique. Methylene chloride was used as the dispersed medium and water as the dispersing medium. The effects of formulation variables including PLA : PCL ratio and emulsifier (polyvinyl alcohol) concentration on the entrapment efficiency were examined. The ibuprofen release rate from the prepared microspheres was also studied by using the dissolution test, and the surface structures of microcapsules after dissolution were observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the microspheres prepared from the blend of PLA and PCL are generally spherical. It was also found that the efficiency of ibuprofen microcapsules increased with increasing the composition of PCL in polyblend (PLA with PCL). In vitro drug release profiles for 6 hours, which were performed in an intestinal-like medium (pH 7.2), showed high dissolution profiles of microcapsules made from the blend of PLA and PCL with a ratio of 9 : 1. The surface structure of microspheres after dissolution process showed opening of pores on the surface of microspheres. Keywords: Ibuprofen, polyblend, poly (lactic acid), poly (ε-caprolactone), emulsification. 9 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH
POLYMORPHISM FOR BETA GLOBIN GENE MUTATION DETECTION
AT SUKU SUNDA
Eriska Riyanti *, Rosita Roosje Oewen *, Ani Melani Maskoen **,
Mieke Hemiawati Satari **
*Pediatric Dentistry Department Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University **Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder and caused moderate or severe anemia. Anemia is associated with decreased hemoglobin level and number of erythrocytes decreased compared with normal. Globin chain of disturbances that can occur in the alpha chain or beta chain and appears in individuals who have homozygous or heterozygous nature. Beta thalassemia is caused by mutations in chromosome 11 that affects the entire production of beta chains such as transcription, translation, and stability of the production of beta globin chains. Detection of beta-globin gene mutations can be detected by using PCR RFLP. PCR is a technique that causes the amplification of specific DNA segments is carried out in vitro. PCR RFLP analysis is a technique by way of distinguishing restriction fragment length. Restriction enzyme will recognize the area and the introduction of these restriction enzymes cut the DNA, resulting in a specific fragment length. If the cuts are missing, the fragments will be formed with different length. Enzymes used for mutation detection is Cac8I, BSI, MNL, SFC, and BFA. The first restriction enzyme used is CaC8I for detection of beta globin gene mutation IVS1-nt5. This type of mutation is the most common variations in Sundanese INFLUENZA H3 VIRUS AND HUMAN META PNEUMOVIRUS (HMPV)
DETECTED IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN
MOEWARDI HOSPITAL SURAKARTA, INDONESIA
Jimmy Tanamasa, b*, Afiono Agung Prasetyoa, b**, Suradic, Harsinic, Maryania, Seiji
Kageyamad, Hiroki Chikumie
aDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. bBiomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. cDepartment of Pulmology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. dDivision of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi, Yonago 683-8503, Japan. eDivision of Medical Oncology and Molecular Respirology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi, Yonago 683-8503, Japan. Since March 2010 an active surveillance has been performed by collecting respiratory specimens from the acute and or severe respiratory infection (ARI / SARI) patients of Pulmology Department of Moewardi Hospital Surakarta to build a molecular epidemiology database of human respiratory viruses in Moewardi Hospital Surakarta. In March – May 2010, 32 patients were enrolled in this study. All respiratory specimens (nasal and throat swab) were addressed for Influenza A virus, Influenza A H1 virus, Influenza H3 virus, Influenza H5 virus, Influenza B virus, Human ParaInfluenza Virus (HPIV) 1, HPIV 2, HPIV 10 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 3, HPIV 4, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) A, RSV B, Human Rhinovirus, Enterovirus,
Human Coronavirus (HCoV)-OC43, HCoV-SARS, HCoV-229E, Human Metapneumovirus
(HMPV), Human Bocavirus and Adenovirus, by multiplex nested PCR or RT-PCR. The data
presents preliminary data results from on going molecular epidemiology study of human
respiratory viruses in Moewardi Hospital Surakarta. The Influenza H3 Virus RNA and the
HMPV RNA were detected in 9.4 % (3/32) and 6.3 % (2/32) samples, respectively. No virus
co-infection was found in all samples. The correlation between etiological findings with the
clinical data also has been analysed. The positive PCR products are going to be directly
sequenced and analysed. We detected Influenza H3 Virus and HMPV in patients with acute
respiratory infections in Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, Indonesia. For the best of our
knowledge, this is the first report of HMPV detected in Indonesia and that of also in tropical
countries.
Keywords: Influenza H3 Virus, HMPV, Indonesia
STUDY ABOUT INDONESIAN BLUE BOTLE JELLYFISH (PHYSALIA PHISALIS)
VENOM FROM THE WATERS OF PAPUMA JEMBER
Al Munawir
Department of Pathology, Medical College, Jember University The recent bloom of an indonesian poisonous jellyfish venom has caused a danger to sea bathers and fishery damages in the waters of Indonesia. By using light microscope, the species of poisonous Indonesian Jellyfish was identified. The present study investigated the activities of crude venom extract of indonesian poisonous jellyfish using ex vivo, in vitro, and in vivo study. The protein component was separated by using SDS-PAGE. The Jellyfish venom showed an irritation and hemolytic activities in both fresh venom and boiled venom, suggesting its possible that jellyfish venom has many components of toxic or non-toxic, which can be dependent on their specific cellular target. At the present, it is not clear which component of jellyfish venom is responsible for the vascular irritation effect observed in the present study. It can be one of the above or unidentified one yet. To clarify this, further studies will be needed in the near future. Key word: Jellyfish; crude venom extract; ex vivo; in vitro; in vivo. 11 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 HEPATITIS C VIRUS 1A AND 1C IN NARCOTIC DRUGS USERS IMPRISONED IN
WOMEN PRISON SEMARANG, INDONESIA
Afiono Agung Prasetyoa, b, Paramasari Dirgahayub, c, Hudiyonoa, Seiji Kageyamad
aDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. bBiomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. cDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. dDivision of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi, Yonago 683-8503,
Japan.
Narcotic drug users especially that of the injecting drug users (IDUs) are being associated
with high risk of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection. However, at present there is no
molecular epidemiological data about HCV in narcotic drug users in Indonesia especially that
of imprisoned in Women Prison Semarang. All narcotic drug users (86 persons) imprisoned
in Women Prison Semarang were enrolled in this study. Plasma were collected and addressed
for serological assay. The nucleic acid was extracted from the anti-HCV positive samples.
The RT-PCR nested was performed to detect part of NS5B region of the HCV genome. The
positive PCR products were directly sequenced and phylogenetic analysed. The data presents
preliminary data results from on going molecular epidemiology study of human blood borne
viruses in Central of Java. Anti-HCV positive was found in 24.4 % (21/86) of total samples.
The HCV RNA was detected in 4 out of 21 anti-HCV positive samples. Based on 366 bases
of the NS5B sequences, the HCV strains were classified into genotypes 1. The HCV 1a (75
%) was the most prevalent, followed by subtypes 1c (25 %). These results were quite different
to all previous reports about HCV molecular epidemiology data in hepatitis patients in
Indonesia. Results indicate the discrepancy molecular epidemiology data of HCV found in
hepatitis comparing to that of the non hepatitis patients community.

Keywords: HCV, Narcotic Drug Users, IDUs, Prison, Prisoners, Indonesia
INFECTIVITY OF LYTIC PHAGE TO EPEC (ENTEROPATHOGENIC
ESCHERICHIA COLI ) FROM DIARRHEAL PATIENTS IN INDONESIA
Sri Budiarti
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Bogor Agricultural University , Some EPEC isolated from diarrheal patients in Indonesia were resistant to tetracycline and ampicilline. The purpose of this study was to isolate and determine the potential infectivity of the phage strains that can reduce EPEC population. Phages were isolated from waste water, all phages isolated tested their ability to form plaque, identified their morphology, their infectivity determined, the impact of phage lyses to cell morphology of EPEC were observed. Four isolated phages specific for EPEC strain. Other nonpathogenic strains of E. coli are not lyses by phage. This indicates that susceptibility of bacterial strains to phage attack depends on the specificity of receptor molecules on the surface of EPEC to the phage. Electron microscope showed that the phage has a hexagonal head (81.56 nm and 103.11 nm in length 12 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 width). EPEC cells are destroyed faster at 25 minutes after infection the phage. Many cells EPEC surface is bound by phage and some cells showed lysed. At 30 minutes after phage infection, EPEC cells mostly destroyed and the population of EPEC cells were significantly reduced after five hours of phage infections. By added 200 µl of phage, decline higher to EPEC population. The results of this research may provide alternative solutions to overcome the problem of diarrhea with the application of phage-friendly environment (biocontrole). Keyword: EPEC, antibiotic resistance, lytic phage, diarrhea disease, biocontrole IDENTIFICATION OF DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS AT SANGLAH HOSPITAL
DENPASAR BALI
Desak Ketut Ernawati
School of Medicine Udayana University One way to introduce clinical pharmacy in practice is by identifying drug related problems (DRPs) in clinical setting. Studies showed that DRPs potentially occurred in patients who received polypharmacy. Clinical pharmacy, however, has not been implemented well at Sanglah Hospital, Bali. Additionally, data on drug used study particularly DRPs at the hospital is very limited. With a consideration that identification of DRPs is one way to introduce clinical pharmacy at Sanglah Hospital, a study on identification of DRPs at Sanglah Hospital is necessity. A cross sectional study on drug related problems has been conducted at Sanglah Hospital. This is a descriptive study on identifying the most frequent DRP based on PCNE DRP classification. Data was collected from Januari to March 2010 in VIP room at Sanglah Hospital. The patients were selected based on the number of the medication they were on (more than 5) and the number of doctors treated (more than 2 doctors). There were 23 patients met the criteria of selection. Seven women and sixteen men were identified in the study. Most of the patients were at their 50s. The average number of medications prescribed was 8. Based on the PCNE DRP classification on the type of drug problems, of the 23 patients, it was identified 1 patient experienced 7 types of DRPs, 4 patients were identified with 3 and 4 types of DRPs, respectively, and 9 patients were identified to have 2 types of DRPs while the other 5 patients revealed that there was no DRPs identified. In terms of types of DRPs identified, overall, it showed that 29 of DRP cases were result from drug choice problems. 15 DRP cases were related to dosing problems, 7 DRPs cases were associated with drug interaction. A study on identification of DRPs at Sanglah Hospital showed that the most frequent DRPs identified was related to drug choice problems. FIBRIN GLUE:
NEW ADDHESIVE SUBSTANT FOR FIXATION ON PTERYGIUM SURGERY
Ariesanti Tri Handayani
Ophthalmology Dept -Faculty of Medicine Udayana University Sanglah Hospital Denpasar - Bali Indonesia as a tropical islands and equatorial country has a high prevalence rate of a pterygium. According to the theories of pathogenesis, exposed of sunlight had been believed being as a major causative factor to this abnormality. The most concerned problem in 13 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 pterygium surgery is the prevention of recurrence. Over the past decades, several surgical methods for pterygium have emerged, ranging from bare sclera procedure without microscopy to very complex approaches such as amniotic membrane transplantation and lamellar keratoplasty. Recently, the transplant of a conjunctival autograft seems to be a preferable method, giving both the low recurrence rate and high safety. The most common method of autograft fixation is by means of suturing. Instead of suture that need prolonged operating time, significant postoperative discomfort and potential risk for suture related complications such as buttonholes, tissue necrosis and granuloma formation, fibrin glue or fibrin adhesive offers quite satisfactory result to avoid all those complications. Consist of two component material that imitates the final stage of the coagulation process, when these were mixed together, fibrin monomers would aggregate by cross-linking resulting in a fibrin clot and act as a glue. The purpose of this paper is to report and introduce the role of fibrin glue as new promising tools for pterygium surgery to achieve a better result for the patients. Keywords: Pterygium – conjunctival autograft – fibrin glue– thrombin – fibrinogen. ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF LACTOFERRIN AND LACTOFERRIN
HYDROLYZATE ON Enterobacter sakazakii
Fatma Zuhrotun Nisa1 , Hafsyah Laili Nurwandari1 , Elza Ismail2
Health and Nutrition Department, Gadjah Mada University POLTEKES For Nutrition, Ministry of Health, DIY Enterobacter sakazakiiis an opportunistic pathogen widely found in the environment. It
iscaused oflife-threatening neonatal sepsis and meningitis complicatedby the development of
brain abscesses.Enterobacter sakazakii also kill infected infants and has been associated with
powdered formula. E. sakazakii grows very rapidly in reconstituted infant formulae kept at
room temperature. It is particularly well adapted to growth at temperatures around 37 –
44°C.Lactoferrin and lactoferrin hydrolyzate has been known to have antibacterial effects on
some pathogenic bacteria. However, testing the antibacterial effect of lactoferrin and
lactoferrin hydrolizate againts bacteria E.sakazakii has never been done. To evaluate the
antibacterial effect of lactoferrin (LF) and lactoferrin hydrolysate (LFH) against the
Enterobacter sakazakii in peptone yeast extract glucose (PYG) broth. The research used
Macro Broth Dilution Method. Lactoferrin and lactoferrin hydrolizate was assayed at
concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 mg/ml. Determination of antibacterial effect of
lactoferrin and lactoferrin hydrolyzate to the bacteria E.sakazakii based on The MIC
(Minimum Inhibitory Concentration). The inhibitory was determined by the difference of
absorbance before and after incubation. The absorbance oflactoferrin and lactoferrin
hydrolyzate at concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 mg/ml increase after incubation. The
increased of absorbance decreases with the high concentration of lactoferrin and lactoferrin
hydrolyzate. Increased absorbance of lactoferrin was lower than lactoferrin hydrolizate.In this
study the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) was not found. The results suggest that
lactoferrin and lactoferrin hydrolyzate have no antibacterial effectto the bacteriaEnterobacter
sakazakii.
Keywords: antibacterial effect, lactoferrin, lactoferrin hydrolyzate, Enterobacter sakazakii,
MIC
14 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 CHARACTERISTIC OF CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS (IMT) OF THE
PREDIALYSIS CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS IN SANGLAH GENERAL
HOSPITAL- A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Elysanti Dwi Martadiani , Nyoman Sutarka*, Ketut Suwitra*, Raka Widiana*, Jodi S
Loekman*,Wayan Sudana*, Yeni Kandarini*, Nyoman Margiani
Department of Radiodiagnostic, Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar * Subdivision of Nephrology, Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar
The goal of this study was to determine the characteristic of carotid intima-media thickness
(IMT) as an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in predialysis chronic kidney disease
patients. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk for developing
cardiovascular disease. Extracranial carotid IMT represented early stage of atherosclerosis
process and was recognized as a valid marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. There was no
routine examination of carotid IMT in predialysis CKD patients, thus needed more
investigation to get the data about subclinical atherosclerosis that happened in CKD patient,
especially in Bali. Descriptive study of 43 predialysis CKD patients in Sanglah General
Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. Estimate glomerulo filtration rate (eGFR) of each subject was
determined using Cockcroft-Gault formula. Carotid ultrasound was performed to measure
IMT of the right and left common carotid artery and also carotid bifurcation. For every
subject, measurement was performed on eight sites of carotid artery. Mean IMT was
compared to the normal value to determine the presence of subclinical aterosclerosis. We also
evaluated the presence and characteristic of carotid plaque. Mean of the right, left and total
carotid IMT was 0.69 ± 0.17 mm, 0.73 ± 0.17 mm, and 0.72 ± 0.17 mm, respectively. From
43 subjects, 23% had normal carotid IMT value, but 77% had higher IMT value, so that the
last group was included into subclinical atheroslerosis. In this study, subclinical
atherosclerosis was found in CKD stage II-V. Thirty percents of the subjects had carotid
plaque. Compared with calsified plaques, distribution of non calsified plaques were found in
the higher eGFR group. Seventy-seven percents of the predialysis CKD subjects had higher
IMT value and was suffered from subclinical atherosclerosis.
Keywords : predialysis chronic kidney disease, carotid intima-media thickness
MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF NS4B PROTEIN OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS
SUBTYPE 1A
Faqihuddin Ahmada, b, c *, Afiono Agung Prasetyoa, b **, Sofina Kusnadia, b, c,
Dewi Okta Anggrainia, b, Medika Putri Perwita Saria, b
aDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. bBiomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. cKASTRAT DE GENEESKUNDE, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural (NS) protein 4B is known for protein-protein interactions with virus and host cell factors. However, at present only little is known about the corresponding protein binding sites and underlying molecular mechanisms. NS4B proteins of the yellow fever and dengue viruses also have similar topology with that of HCV NS4B 15 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 indicating a common function for NS4B proteins in Flaviviridae. To predict and more
understanding the molecular pattern of HCV NS4B, we are performing bioinformatics study
of HCV NS4B starting from NS4B of HCV subtype 1a. We aligned and performed molecular
analysis of all HCV 1a NS4B complete coding sequences reported in GenBank. In total, 395
sequences were retrieved and aligned by ClustalW. The nucleotide and amino acid consensus
sequences were revealed for further analysis using appropriate software. Phylogenetic
analysis either by nucleotide or amino acid analysis has also been performed. We revealed
the nucleotide and amino acid sequence consensus of HCV 1a NS4B. We found only aa 4-6,
8, 10, 14-17, 19-21, 23-24, 28, 32-33, 37, 47, 50-51, 53-57, 59-60, 62, 64-74, 79, 81-84, 86,
88-90, 95-96, 99-100, 102-105, 107, 109-113, 115-116, 119-121, 123, 126, 134, 136, 140,
144, 147, 151, 153, 155, 157, 159, 161, 164, 167-168, 171-174, 177-178, 180-186, 189-190,
192-198, 200-225, 227-230, 233-234, 237-238, 241-242, 244-246, 249, 251, 253, and 261
were found have no variation. The phylogenetic tree of all HCV 1a NS4B sequences was
constructed using MEGA 4.0 software. Overall, the aa sequence of the NS4B protein of HCV
1a was highly conserved, indicating an important role for replication in vivo. However, amino
acid variations may have relevant changes of physicochemical properties so that influence the
replication efficiency. The amino acid variations found in the present report need further
study to role out their influence(s).
Keywords: HCV1a, NS4B
A NOVEL OF REPLACING CACO-2 CELL WITH ENTEROCYTE MICE TO
DETERMINE BACTERIA ADHESION ACTIVITY IN VITRO
Sukrama, I D. M.
Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University Adhesion is a key factor of bacteria internalization to the host through transepithelial neutrophile cell migration. In vitro adhesion ability of bacteria is usually performe using of Caco-2 cell which is costly and need an extra care handling. This study aims to replace caco-2 cell with enterocyte mice for determining adhesion ability of bacteria. Enterocyte cell of a healthy BALB/c mice age of 3 months were isolated following the method of Nagayama (1995). Then, the cells were employed to determine adherence ability of Bifidobacterium sp towards S. typhi. A good promising results was obtained in this experiment, in which the enterocyte can be applied to determine adhesion indices of Bifidobacterium sp towards S. typhi. It was obtained thata number of 19.5 bacteria were adhered on 1 enterocyte-cell BALB/c mice, compared to the only of 15.04 of S. typhi adhered on 1 enterocyte-cell BALB/c mice. Conclusions that can be drawn from this research are the finding of enterocyte isolated from mice to replace the use of caco-2 cells for assessing adherence ability of Bifidobacterium sp towards adhesion of S. typhi. Future work that can be carried out are further researches concerning of the use of this enterocyte to performe other bacteria adhesion test. Keywords: adhesion, internalization, enterocyte mice 16 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY AND FOOD SCIENCE
FTIR STUDY OF PHOTOREPAIR OF SINGLE STRAND DNA LESION BY
CRYPTOCHROME DASH
Wijaya I M Mahaputra1, Yu Zhang1, Tatsuya Iwata1,2, Junpei Yamamoto3, Shigenori
Iwai3 and Hideki Kandori1
1Department of Frontier Material, Nagoya Institute of Technology; 2Center for Fostering Young and Innovative Researchers, Nagoya Institute of Technology, 3Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University Cryptochromes (Crys) and photolyases are blue-light receptors which have identical chromophores (flavin adenine dinucleotide, FAD) within homologous protein architectures, but their functions are entirely different. Photolyases repair damaged DNA, either cyclobutane prymidine dimmers (CPD) or (6-4) photoproducts, using near UV/blue light, where the reduced form (FADH−) is used as a redox-active cofactor. In contrast, cryptochromes regulate circadian rhythm or photomorphogenesis in higher organisms. Although it was believed that their functions are distinct with each other, photorepair of CPD in single-strand DNA was reported by Cry-DASH, a newly found type of Cry [1]. We have studied molecular mechanism of flavin-binding proteins using light-induced difference FTIR spectroscopy. Recently, we successfully measured the FTIR spectra of the photoactivation of Cry-DASH from Synechocystis sp [2] and the activation and photorepair by (6-4) photolyase [3]. In the present study, we applied FTIR spectroscopy to the photorepair of Cry DASH from Synechocystis sp. We confirmed that Cry-DASH from Synechocystis sp is able to repair CPD in single-strand DNA. Interestingly, it was suggested that the oxidized form of FAD is involved in the repair process. Molecular mechanism of photorepair by Cry-DASH will be discussed on the basis of the FTIR spectroscopic results. [1] Hitomi et al. Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 2353 (2000). [2] Iwata et al. to be submitted. [3] Zhang et al. to be submitted. STRUCTURE AND ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION OF BIOACTIVE 3-
ALKYLPIPERIDINE ALKALOIDS FROM A BALINESE MARINE SPONGE OF
THE GENUS HALICHONDRIA
I Wayan Mudianta,1,2 Peter L. Katavic,2 Lynette K. Lambert,3 Patricia T. Hayes,2
Martin G. Banwell,4 Murray H. G. Munro,5 Paul V. Bernhardt,2 and Mary J. Garson2*
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Ganesha University of Education, Bali, Indonesia 81117; 2School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and: 3Centre for Magnetic Resonance, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia; 4Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200 Australia; 5Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand. * Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] Sponges of the order Haplosclerida are well known producers of a family of 3-alkylpiperidine metabolites.1 Previously we reported the isolation of four bioactive 3-alkylpiperidine 17 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 alkaloids, the haliclonacyclamines A to D from a Haliclona species collected at Heron Island
(Australia).2 X-ray crystallographic studies using anomalous dispersion effects have recently
revealed the absolute configuration as C2 (R), C3 (R), C7 (R) and C9 (R).3 All of these
metabolites share two connecting chains (‘spacer groups') of ten and twelve carbons,
respectively, in length, but show variation in double bond locations. We report the isolation
and characterization of a new alkaloid tetradehydrohaliclonacyclamine A (1) from the
Balinese marine sponge Halichondria sp., together with its N-oxide derivative (2) and the 2-
epi isomer (3). X-ray crystallographic determination of (1) revealed it to be C2 (S), C3 (S), C7
(S) and C9 (S), while an HPLC study has confirmed that (1) is present in a single
enantiomeric form in the sponge.4 Tetradehydrohaliclonacyclamine A (1) and its N-oxide
derivative (2) were evaluated for antitumour activity against the P388 cell line. Compound 1
exhibited an IC50 of 1.8 µg/mL whereas 2 was not active at the concentrations tested.4

References
(1) (a) Andersen, R. J.; van Soest, R. W. M.; Kong, F. In Alkaloids: Chemical and Biological
Perspectives; Pelletier, S. W., Ed.; Pergamon Press: New York, 1996; Vol. 10, p 301-355; (b) Berlinck, R. G. S. In Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry; Gupta, R. R., Ed.; Springer-Verlag Berlin/Heidelberg: Berlin, 2007; Vol. 10, p 211-238. (2) (a) Charan, R. D.; Garson, M. J.; Brereton, I. M.; Willis, A. C.; Hooper, J. N. A. Tetrahedron 1996, 52, 9111-9120; (b) Clark, R. J.; Field, K. L.; Charan, R. D.; Garson,
M. J.; Brereton, l. M.; Willis, A. C. Tetrahedron 1998, 54 8811-8826.
(3) Mudianta, I. W.; Bernhardt, P. V.; Garson, M. J.; Aust. J. Chem. 2009, 62, 667.
(4) Mudianta, I. W.; Katavic, P. L.; Lambert, L. K.; Hayes, P. T.; Banwell, M. G.; Munro, M.
H. G.; Bernhardt, P. V.; Garson, M. J. Tetrahedron 2010, 66, in press; Mudianta, I. W.;
Garson, M. J.; Bernhardt, P. V. Acta Cryst. Ser. C 2010, in press.
OPTIMALIZE GENISTEIN OF REJECTED EDAMAME SOYBEAN FLOUR USING
β-GLUCOSIDASE PRODUCED BY BACTERIA
Yossi Wibisono, S.TP, MP
State Polytechnic of Jember
The development in many sectors brings the social status change and creates human lifestyle which causes the degenerative disease increase. One way to overcome this condition is by explore genistein. In developed/industrialized countries, barley's genistein is already being extracted, commercialized and used as an alternative therapy for cancer sufferer (Coral, 2008; Caderroth and Serge, 2009). Indonesia is an edamame soybean exporter for Japan and USA. The biggest edamame soybean produced by PT. Mitratani Dua Tujuh Jember, exported in each year reaches 6,152 – 8,000 tons on average, but out of the total production, roughly 12.8 tons of fresh edamame per month is rejected. The rejected edamame soybean contains only 0.122 mg/g genistein on average (Wibisono and Warsito, 2009), but can be optimally used by β-glucosidase enzyme from microbe. The current research examines the optimal condition of 18 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 enzyme and the application of such enzyme to get the rejected edamame soybean flour with optimal genistein. The result shows that B. adolencentis produces the most optimal β-glucosidase enzyme, along with B. animalis, L. casei and B. bifidum. Bifidobacterium and L. casei grow optimally at 35oC, but the enzyme itself has an optimal temperature of 45oC. The optimal pH of both enzyme and bacteria is pH 6. The fermentation index (proposed to be known as Wibisono index) of B. adolencentis has the highest index of 6 hour incubation in 1.153 and followed by B. animalis which has fermentation index 1.012. Extracted β-glucosidase enzyme produces the highest activity in ratio flour : water = 1:10 and the optimal incubation time to hidrolysis 80.5% genistin reached in 12 hours. Another finding indicates that the increase of genistein's content in rejected Edamame soybean flour becomes 0.487 – 0.513 mg/g. Our food product from rejected edamame which enrichment of genistein have been patented with certificate number: 050.0226A (28 January 2010). Keywords: Genistein, β- glucosidase, Edamame EFFECT OF AMYLOSE CONTENT AND TEMPERING TIME ON
CHARACTERISTICS OF FRESH RICE FLOUR-BASED SPRING ROLL
WRAPPERS (ORAL PRESENTATION)
A. Ingani Widjajaseputra*), Harijono**), Yunianta**), Teti Estiasih**)
Widya Mandala Catholic University
The effects of amylose content and tempering time on characteristics of fresh rice flour-based
spring roll wrappers were investigated by using added free amylose rice flour. Amylose
content of added free amylose rice flour from variety Mentik ( an Indonesian local rice
variety ) ranged from 25% up to 40%. The fresh rice flour-based spring roll wrapper was
made without frying oil on Teflon frying pan at 72°C during 4 minutes. After heating the
product was tempered for 30, 45 and 60 minutes at 25°C. The product was evaluated for rice
starch granules size, moisture content, water activity and elongation at break. Each
experiment was conducted by three replications. All of the data were analyzed by analysis of
variance (α 5%). Duncan multiple range test (α 5%) was used to determine the significant
difference among the treatments. The result showed that free amylose adding to rice flour
blends homogenized the swelling of rice starch granules. The increasing of amylose content
which more than 34% increased water activity of product. It was due to amylose alignment
during tempering time. The amylose content from 31 % up to 40% increased the moisture
content but tempering time did not affect moisture content significantly. Increasing amylose
content decreased elongation at break of product. It was related to the increasing of moisture
content of product. The tempering time (30, 45 and 60 minutes) did not show any significant
difference on elongation at break. Longer tempering time than 60 minutes was not
recommended to avoid increasing of rigidity.
Keywords: amylose content, tempering time, fresh spring roll, rice flour-based,
characteristics.
19 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 BIOETHANOL FERMENTATION FROM SAGO (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) PITH
POWDER USING COCULTURES Pichia stipitis CBS 5773, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
D1/P3GI AND Zymomonas mobilis FNCC 0056
Ratu Safitri*, Dr.Bambang Marwoto**, Peristiwati***, Ria Khoirunnisa* Apriyani*
* Department of Biology, Padjadjaran University ** BioIndustry, BPPT Serpong ***Department of Biology, Indonesia University Of Education The research of sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) pith powder hydrolysis using sulfuric acid and enzyme also ethanol fermentation from its hydrolysates by cocultures Pichia stipitis CBS 5773, Saccharomyces cerevisiae D1/P3GI and Zymomonas mobilis FNCC 0056 has been conducted. The research method used was Complete Randomized Design with factorial in three factors, which were cocultures type, sugar concentration and incubation periods. The type of cocultures was comprised of (1) Pichia stipitis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and (2) Pichia stipitis and Zymomonas mobilis. The sugar concentration used were 5% and 10%. The fermentation was performed 120 hour. The research methods used were descriptive and experimental method. The descriptive method was used for first step, which were sago pith powder hydrolysis be a reduction sugar.The experimental method was used for second step, which were sago hydrolysate sugar fermentation process be an ethanol. The data were statistically analyzed using Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The research showed that hydrolysis using 6 M sulfuric acid with temperature for hydrolysis was 120ºC results the reduction sugar about 22,26% (w/w) with DE value about 28,63%, hydrolysis using α-amylase enzyme (0,17µl/g), hemicellulase enzyme (1/3 x 0,001g/g), cellulase enzyme (0,55 µl/g), and amyloglucosidase enzyme (0,37 µl/g) results reduction sugar about 53,28% (w/w) with DE value about 68,52%. Fermentation process with cocultures Pichia stipitis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, sugar concentration of 10% and 72 hours of fermentation, produced the highest ethanol concentration about 4,15% with fermentation efficiency about 50,12%. Keyword : hydrolysis, sago pith powder, sulfuric acid, enzyme, reduction sugar, fermentation, cocultures, Pichia stipitis CBS 5773, Saccharomyces cerevisiae D1/P3GI, Zymomonas mobilis FNCC 0056, ethanol. SYNERGISTIC SACCHARIFICATION PROCESS OF DIFFERENT SOURCES OF
STARCH BY GLUCOAMYLASE AND PULLULANASE IN THE GLUCOSE SYRUP
PRODUCTION
Yunianta
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran Malang, 65145 East Java, Indonesia. Email address : [email protected] The high demands for sugars and the development of enzymatic technology have increased the production of sweeteners, especially for glucose syrups. Glucose syrup can be produced enzymatically by liquefaction and saccharification of starch. This research was to elaborate the role of dextrozyme (a mixture of glucoamylase (an exoamylase) and pullulanase (a 20 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 debranching enzyme) during the saccharification process of different sources of Indonesian indigenous starches i.e gembili, arenga, arrowroot and taro starches for glucose syrup production. Dextrozyme was applied in 30% w/w of starch suspension after liquefaction process using α-amylase, where 0.04%, 0.06% and 0.08% w/w of dextrozyme were used for arrowroot, gembili and taro starches and 0.08%, 0.12%, 0.16% w/w of dextrozyme were used for arenga starch. This enzyme concentration factor was combined with incubation time factor including 24, 48 and 72 hours. Based on dextrose equivalent values, it was shown that dextrozyme could hydrolysed more easily into dextrose than for gembili and taro starch, respectively. It was found that the 0.06% w/w of dextrozyme concentration and 72 hours incubation time and 0.08%w/w of enzyme and 24, 48 hours incubation time showed as the best treatment where the dextrose equivalent of glucose syrup of arrowroot were 91.44; 92.14 and 91.66, respectively. For gembili, 24 and 48 hours of incubation time in 0.08%w/w of dextrozyme yield 89.43 and 88.11 of dextrose equivalent, respectively. The saccharification of taro starch (48 hours of incubation time and 0.08% w/w of dextrozyme gave 87.08 DE. Meanwhile, arenga starch was the most difficult substrat for dextrozyme. It was shown that the use of 0.16% w/w of dextrozyme could only yield 82.85 of dextrose equivalent at 48 hours incubation time of saccharification process. Keywords : Dextrozyme, saccharification process, dextrose equivalent, glucose syrup. Construction of pYαF-Af Vector for Secretion
of α-L-Arabinofuranosidase (AbfA) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
I Nengah Wirajana1*, Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih2, Eddy Bagus Wasito3,
Soekry Erfan Kusuma3, Tetsuya Kimura4, & Kazuo Sakka4
1Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Jimbaran Bali; 2Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya; 3Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya; 4Faculty of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu Mie, Japan. *contact person : [email protected] α-L-Arabinofuranosidases catalyze the hydrolysis arabinofuranosidic bonds and act synergistically with other hemicellulases enzymes for the complete hydrolysis of hemicelluloses. The α-L-arabinofuranosidase gene (abfA) from Geobacillus thermoleovorans IT-08 was successfully cloned and expressed into system of Escherichia coli DH5α/pTP510 and E. coli Bl21/pET-abfA. E. coli is not as safe commercial host for big scale enzyme production. Yeast, mainly Saccharomyces cerevisiae that considered as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) was chosen for expression of α-L-arabinofuranosidase (AbfA). Secretion of heterologous protein in yeast is the preferred mode of protein production due to easy of product recovery. In this study, the secretion vector was constructed to investigate αF signal peptide on secretion of AbfA in S. cerevisiae. The αF-FLAG-abfA fusion gene was amplified by PCR, in which the plasmid YEpFLAG1-Af was used as a template. PCR was conducted with a pFSacI- αF primer and pRBamHI-Af primer. The αF-FLAG-abfA fusion gene was treated with SacI and BamHI and then subcloned to the pYES2 plasmid, which was previously digested with SacI and BamHI. The ligation result, the plasmid pYαF-Af was transformed into S. cerevisiae BJ1824 cells. The new plasmid pYαF-Af was constructed for expression of an αF signal peptide-FLAG-AbfA fusion protein using the GAL1 promoter and CYC1 terminator. Keywords : α-L-arabinofuranosidase; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; secretion vector; αF signal 21 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 MICROPATTERNED BIOACTIVE LAYER ON NONBIOFOULING SURFACE FOR
HIGHLY S/N IMMUNOASSAY-BASED BIOSENSORS
James Sibarani1, Madoka Takai2, Kazuhiko Ishihara2
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Bali, Indonesia 2Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Micropatterned biointerfaces especially on polymeric substrates are very important for biological studies and applications including biosensors, studies of cell-surface interactions, cell patterning and the like. For applications such as immunoassay-based microarray biosensors, biointerfaces should have regions at which nonspecific bindings of biomolecules eliminated while at the other regions the specific bindings enhanced. To create such surface, a novel method has been performed. That is, the well-known biocompatible cell-membrane-like surface based on 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) brush type and micropattered biorecoginition layer (methacryl poly(ethylene glycol)-N-succinimidyl carbonate) were constructed by using living radical polymerization technique based on dithiocarbamate chemistry as photoiniferter. An immunoassay-based microarray biosensor was performed for evaluating sensitivity of these surfaces and we found that this technique could detect rabbit IgG antigen up to 14.7 pM. Due to the less nonspecific adsorption of antigen (background), the response for the sandwich immunoassay performed with micropatterend biorecognition was much higher than that for the corresponding antigen concentration when using standard ELISA techniques. This method can be effectively applied for microchip and microfluidic devices. Keywords: living radical polymerization, nonbiofouling surface, micropatterned bioactive layer, photoiniferter, highly sensitive immunoassay The Development Application of Ultrafiltration Technology on Aquaculture:
Harvesting and Consentrating Microalgae for Larviculture Purposes
Pande Gde Sasmita J.
Department of Biology, Faculty Of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Udayana University One of the critical factors determines the success of aquaculture system is the availability of feed continuously. Feed for fish/shrimp farming can be obtained in form of live/natural feeds or artificial diet. Live feed such as microalgae is particularly used for hatchery system. Advantages of natural feed over artificial diet are relatively small size that fit with the opening mouth of fish/shrimp larvae, high nutritional content, easy to culture, and do not contaminating culture medium. Live feeds will continue to be the primary feedstock for larviculture purposes in shrimp/fish hatcheries. Culture of microalgae include production step, harvesting, and post-harvesting. Harvesting usually done when the concentration of microalgae reach up to 106 cell/ml. Conventional process to harvest microalga, such as chemical flocculation, coagulation and centrifugation technique are time- and chemical consuming. Ultrafiltration (UF) as alternative of conventional process offers several advantages for harvesting and concentration of microalgae, i.e, faster and environmentallly friendly (no need for chemical addition). The suspension was continously recycled from and 22 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 to the vessel through the UF membrane module by a feed pump with constant speed. The permeate was removed from the culture while microalgal cell as retentate was returned to the feed tank to increase microalgal concentration. Preliminary study showed the capability of UF membrane to concentrate microalgae culture up to 1010 cell/ml. Performances of membrane depend on hydrodynamics condition, initial concentration and properties of culture (shape, age, debris). In the meantime, it is also feasible for hatchery unit to simultaneously run the microalgae culture to minimise the preservation and distribution problem. Using UF membrane technology for harvesting of microalgae is alternative solution to solve microalgae/culture medium separation problem in term of time- and chemical consuming efficiency. TAMARIND LEAF EXTRACTION (TAMARINDUS INDICA L.)
ETHANOL-DEXTRIN ENCAPSULATION: STUDY OF ANTIRADICAL AND
ANTIOXIDANT
Sri Mulyani and Lutfi Suhendra
Department of Industrial Agriculture Technology , Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Udayana University Tamarind leaf has a flavonoid as an antiradical and antioxidant activity. Tamarind leaf extracted through ethanol concentration (10%, 30%, 50%, 70% dan 90%) with ratio 1 : 2, filtrated, added dextrin concentration (5%, 7,5%, and 10%) and dried. Tamarind leaf extract is tested by total phenolic content and diphenylpicrilhydrazyl (DPPH). Antioxidant activity on soy bean oil is tested with peroxide number (ferric thiocyanate) and malonaldehyde (TBA). As a control is BHT sintethic antioxidant. The researches designed using multiply randomized design. The results showed the following optimal levels: extraction 70% ethanol dextrin 5%, diphenylpicrilhydrazyl and total phenolic content: 0.18% and 3.24% gallic acid equivalent. Tamarind leaf extract in concentration 200 ppm, not able inhibits peroxide however inhibits malonaldehyde on oxidized soy bean oil. Tamarind leaf extract and BHT has a similar capability antioxidant in oxidized soy bean oil Keywords : Tamarindus indica L., dextrin, antioxidant, antiradical and soy bean oil USING OF PEDIOCOCCUS ACIDILACTICI U318 POWDER AS STARTER
CULTURE IN PRODUCTION OF URUTAN: STUDY ON CONDITIONING PERIOD
AND CASING USED IN URUTAN PRODUCTION
Nyoman Semadi Antara, Ni Ketut Alit Warini, I Kadek Alex Artha Wiguna, Ida Bagus
Wayan Gunam, I Gusti Ngurah Agung
Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University Using of inoculum in powder form is more convenience than the pure one, especially for commercial and industrial scale production. The viability of Pediococcus acidilactici U318 in inoculum powder that made by mixing of inoculum broth with skim and maizena powder decreased two log cycle during drying process and storage. This inoculum powder was used in experiment of urutan production. The aim of the experiment was to find out the effects of conditioning period and casing on microbiological and sensory characteristics of urutan. The experiment results showed that the interaction of conditioning period and kinds of casing 23 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 affected to the total microorganism, and total Enterobacteriaceae of the product. On the other hand, water content of urutan was only affected by the treatment of conditioning period, and total of lactic acid bacteria was only affected by casing used in processing of urutan. Organoleptic test showed that 192 hours conditioning period and synthetic casing gave the highest preference with the characteristics as follow: brown colour, normal-relatives texture, normal-specific urutan aroma, and normal flavour. Key words: Pediococcus acidilactici U318, urutan, production, conditioning, casing STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GRAPE SKIN AND GRAPE SEED
FROM THE SOLID WASTE OF A WINE INDUSTRY
Agung Suryawan Wiranatha, Agung Raditya Wisesa Wedananta
Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Udayana University Medical Faculty, Udayana University Grape is one of the sources of natural antioxidant. Grape skin contains several phenolic compounds, and grape seeds have much flavonoid compound, in which they can act as antioxidant (Kammerer, et al., 2005; Khomsan, 2006). Grape skin and grape seeds can be found in the solid waste of the production of grape juice in the wine industry. In this research, the grape used for the wine industry was the species of Alphonso lavalle. The grape skin and grape seed were extracted by using a various concentration of ethanol, namely 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%.The antioxidant activity of a compound can be measured by its ability to bind the free radicals. The ability to bind the free radicals can be examined by DPPH methods. In the DPPH method, a higher DPPH's value means a higher antioxidant activity. Research results showed that the levels of antioxidant activity of the grape skin extract were varying between the DPPH's value of 38.5% to 60.2%. However, the levels of antioxidant activity of the grape seed extract were varying between the DPPH's value of 69.9% to 87.4%. The highest antioxidant activity was found on the grape skin and grape seed which were extracted by using ethanol 80%. The DPPH's value of grape seed extract was significantly higher than the grape skin extract. The DPPH's value disparities between grape skin and grape seed extract were about 27.2% to 41.6%. In this research, it was also undertaken a comparison of the levels of antioxidant activity between the grape seed extract and one brand of commercial antioxidant capsule. The research results showed that the DPPH's value of the antioxidant capsule was 93.6%. The DPPH's value of grape seed extract was only 6.2% lower than the antioxidant capsule. It can be said that the antioxidant activity of the grape seed was almost similar to the commercial antioxidant capsule, therefore there is a possibility to produce commercial antioxidant product from the grape seeds from the solid waste of wine industry. Keywords: grape skin, grape seed, antioxidant, and wine industry 24 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF COMPACT POWDER WITH ETHYL
VITAMIN C IN ALLYL METHACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER (AMP) AS DRUG
DELIVERY
1 Dolih Gozali1,2 Marline Abdassah, 3 Anang Subghan and 4 Winda Annisaningtias
1, 2) Faculty of Pharmacy UNPAD, 3) Nardev Chemie, 4) Faculty of Pharmacy UNPAD A research on the formulation of compact powder with ethyl ascorbyl ether preparation with various mixture of ethyl ascorbyl ether in allyl methacrylate crosspolymer (0,5% and 1%) and compact powder with ethyl ascorbyl ether (0,5% and 1%) has been carried out. Based on the evaluation data, it was found that the preparations were stable in consistency, color, smell, and homogenity after 28 days. Based on Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), it shown the formula with ethyl ascorbyl ether in allyl methacrylate crosspolymer 1% had particle size 5-10µm. Based on smoothness, spread quality, and adhesiveness in 20 females ethyl ascorbyl ether in allyl methacrylate crosspolymer 1% had a highest score. Based on physical evaluation of compact powder preparation, it was found that the preparation had good stability. The safety investigation of compact powder with ethyl ascorbyl ether in allyl methacrylate crosspolymer 1% give non-irritation on consumers skin. DEVELOPMENT OF PROBIOTIC FOR DIARRHEAGENIC PATHOGENS
I N. Sujaya 1,2
1Integrated Laboratory for Bioscience and Biotechnology 2School of Public Health, Factulty of Medecine Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia Rapid growth of pathogens associated with foods and water supplies, particularly those provided in a poor sanitation and hygienic conditions, often causing several health related problems. Diarrhea is on of the common health problem in developing counties. In addition, WHO have been noted that about 17 millions travelers, who visited developing countries in south East Asia, often got diarrhea. This suggests that diarrheagenic pathogens, if present and contaminated foods or water supplies, are critical issues, which seriously can affect the imige of Bali and Indonesia as an International tourist destination. Antibiotic is commonly option in combating pathogens, nevertheless this choice often resulted in multi drug resistance strain. Studies have been conducted to develop a probiotic from endogenous non-pathogenic bacteria particularly lactic acid bacteria (lactobacilli and bifidobacteria) to combat diarrheagenic pathogens especially, E. coli. Serial researches have been conducted aiming to provide scientific platforms. From those efforts, a strain of Lactobacillus sp. has been selected based upon its capabilities to resist under gastrointestinal conditions as well as its functional properties on in vitro studies. This strain showed good exclusion activities when administered with pathogenic E coli in animal trial, driving a conclusion that the Lactobacillus sp is a promising strain to be developed as novel probiotic for shorten diarrhea causing by pathogenic E. coli. Keyword: probiotic, diarrhea, Escherichia coli 25 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 EFFECT OF MATURITY STAGE OF CARICA PAPAYA-THAILAND VARIETY
ON LIPIDS SERUM PROFILE OF SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS
Th. Endang Widoeri Widyastuti
Widya Mandala Catholic University The effects of Carica papaya maturity stage and mannitol on lipids serum profile of Sprague
Dawley Rats were investigated. Carica papaya slurry was dried by freeze drier and fed to
male Sprague Dawley Rats (255-330 g) ad libitum for two weeks. Forty rats randomly
assigned to one of four treatments: a) Standard Diet, b) Green Mature Stage of Papaya
Powder Diet, c) Ripe Stage of Papaya Powder Diet, or d) Mannitol Diet. Each diet of the four
treatments was consists of 5% cellulose; 5% dietary fiber; 5% dietary fiber + 6% mannitol;
and 5% cellulose + 6% mannitol respectively. The result showed the decreasing of total
cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride after feed intervention during two weeks period. The
highest decreasing of mentioned lipids profile affected by mannitol diet, and followed by ripe
stage papaya diet, green stage papaya diet and the lowest decreasing was showed by standard
diet. It was related to the composition change of soluble and insoluble dietary fiber during
ripening of Carica papaya.
Key words: Carica papaya-Thailand variety, maturity stage, mannitol, dietary fiber, lipids
profile
AGRICULTURE

THE EFFICIENCY OF GROUND WATER USED BY MAIZE CROP UNDER
DIFFERENT IRRIGATION TECHNIQUES
I Komang Damarjaya and I Nyoman Soemainaboedy
Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Mataram Ground water use efficiency for growing crops, especially in a dry climate, needs to be improved. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of four irrigation techniques in using ground water pumped from a tube well for irrigating maize crop. The four irrigation techniques were: big gun sprinkler, impact sprinkler, drip and open (gravitation) irrigation. An experiment was conducted in Amor-amor, North Lombok (8o14'29"S and 116o17'01T) in a dry season of 2009. The results show that the highest maize yield (11.06 ton/ha) was achieved under drip irrigation and the highest water use efficiency (1.57 ton/ML) was achieved in big gun sprinkler treatment. Drip irrigation produced the highest economics efficiency with 385.23 g of grain yield per rupiah spent for irrigation as compared to 19.46 g of grain yield per rupiah spent in impact sprinkler 26 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 DISTINCT CHARACTERISTICS OF CHRYSANTHEMUM VIRUS B (CVB)
ISOLATED FROM CHRYSANTHEMUM IN INDONESIA
I Gede Rai Maya Temaja
Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University
Infection of Chrysanthemum virus B (CVB) has been reported from many countries where
chrysanthemum plants are cultivated. An isolate of CVB obtained from a chrysanthemum
(Chrysanthemum morifolium) plantation in Indonesia was characterized and found to be unique.
The virus isolate, designated as CVB-Ina, shared similar characters with other CVB isolates
based on electron microscopy analysis and serological reactions. However, the results of
bioassay showed that CVB-Ina was very distinct from most CVB isolates reported earlier.
CVB-Ina induced vein banding and mottling on the leaves of chrysanthemum plants, could
infect Nicotiana benthamiana, and was transmitted by the chrysanthemum aphid,
Macrosiphoniella sanborni. In contrast, most CVB isolates were not able to induce any
symptoms on chrysanthemum leaves, were not able to infect N. benthamiana, and were
transmitted at low efficiency by the aphids. Furthermore, molecular characterization of the coat
protein gene exhibited some differences in amino acid sequences. This might explain the
distinct biological characteristics of CVB-Ina.
Keywords:
Chrysanthemum virus B (CVB), chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium), Macrosiphoniella
sanborni (chrysanthemum aphid).
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF WEDELIA TRILOBATA, AGERATUM CONYZOIDES,
CHROMOLAENA ODORATA AND MIKANIA MICRANTHA ON GREEN MUSTARD
Nanik Setyowati, Uswatun Nurjanah and Donly Avrin Togatorop
Agriculture Faculty, University of Bengkulu Jl. WR. Supratman, Bengkulu 38371A e-mail : [email protected] ; [email protected] Many weeds are allelopathic, that is, they can produce and release allelochemicals that can either inhibit or benefit other plants. Greenhouse study was conducted to determine the allelopathic potential of some weeds namely creeping daisy (Wedelia trilobata), goat weed (Ageratum conyzoides), siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) and bittervine (Mikania micrantha) on the growth and yield of green mustard (Brassica rapa). Weeds leaves were cut into 2 cm length, and for each 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 g of leaves were soaked in 1 L of distilled water for a period of 36 hours to get 100 through 500 g/L allelophat concentrations treatment. The extract were filtered with Whatman No.1 paper. One week after transplanting, green mustard were treated with 0.2 L extract every 2 days for 20 days. The results shows that shoot length, shoot and root dry weight of green mustard decreassed progressively when exposed to increasing concentrations of aqueous leaf extract of creeping daisy and increased progressively when exposed to increasing concentrations of leaf extract of siam weed. Goat weed and bittervine leaf extract at different concentrations resulted in inconsistent growth and yield of green mustard. Creeping daisy had more inhibitory effect on green mustard growth as 27 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 compared to the other extracts. Percent reduction of creeping daisy extract on shoot length, shoot dry wight and root dry weight of green mustard was 8.4%; 16.0% and 43.0% respectively as compared to the untreated control. The extract of creeping daisy also resulted in the lowest leaf area, followed by bittervine, siam weed and goat weed extract. The greenest leaves were resulted from the 500 g/L allelophat concentration Keywords : Allelopathy, Wedelia trilobata, Ageratum conyzoides, Chromolaena odorata, Mikania micrantha, mustard PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONS OF TOMATO
(Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. cv. Tomat Kaliurang ) TREATED
WITH NPK FERTILIZER AND PACLOBUTRAZOL
1Kumala Dewi, 2 Edy Widayanta, and 3 Issirep Sumardi
1 Faculty of Biology Gadjah Mada University, Jl. Teknika Selatan Yogyakarta 55281, 2 Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Tempel, Yogyakarta, 3 Faculty of Biology Gadjah Mada University, Jl. Teknika Selatan, Yogyakarta 55281 Tomato plant of Kaliurang cultivar (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. cv. Kaliurang) possess several good characters such as high fruit yield, resistant to bacterial wilt disease and capability to survive under wide range of altitude, e.g. from lowland up to highland. Application of NPK fertilizer is usually done to increase the growth, whereas paclobutrazol as growth retardant is commonly applied to increase fruit formation and fruit yield. The purposes of this research were to evaluate the physiological respons of tomato plant treated with NPK fertilizer and paclobutrazol. Tomato seeds were obtained from holticulture seed center, Ngipiksari, Kaliurang, Yogyakarta. The experiment design was factorial 3 x 4 that arranged in Complete Randomized Design. The first factor was application of NPK fertilizer (15:15:15), which consist of 3 levels, 0 g / plant (control), 1 g / plant, and 2 g / plant. The second factor was variation of paclobutrazol concentration which consist of 4 levels 0 µM (control), 20 µM, 40 µM, and 60 µM. For each treatment combination 5 replicates were used. Growth parameters observed were days to flowering, plant height, chlorophyll content, the thickness of stem vascular tissue, total sugar and vitamin C contents in the fruit. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, if there were significant difference among treatments then continued by DMRT with P = 5% . The results of this research showed that application of paclobutrazol tend to suppress plant height, if paclobutrazol is combined with NPK fertilizer, the effectiveness of paclobutrazol in reducing growth become less. Application of paclobutrazol 20 µM or 40 µM combined with NPK fertilizer of 1 g / polybag or 2 g / polybag increased total chlorophyll content, promote flowering time, increased fruit production as well as total sugar and vitamin C content in the fruits. In addition paclobutrazol application of 20 µM increased the thickness of vascular tissues in the stem. Key words : Lycopersicum esculentum L, NPK fertilizer, paclobutrazol, flowering 28 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 PROMOTING POTATO TUBER FORMATION AND TUBER GROWTH
BY THE APLICATION OF ANTI-GA AND WATERING THE CROPS
AT DIFFERENT TIMES
Fahrurrozi1, Usman Kris Joko Suharjo1, Sigit Sudjatmiko1, dan Popi S.2
1Staff Pengajar dan 2Mahasiswa pada Program Studi Agronomi, Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu, Jl. Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38001; Corresponding author: [email protected] The overall goal of this experiment was to establish a technology for growing potato at the low elevation. There were three groups of experiment with its own separate objective. The first experiment was to determine the best time (1, 2, 3, and 4 week after emergence) for applying retardant at their effective concentration (4 ppm ANZ, 1200 ppm CCC, 50 ppm COU, and 4000 ppm PBZ) for promoting potato tuber formation. The second experiment was to determine the best combination of time for watering potato crops and time for applying retardant (Coumarin) to promote tuber formation. The third experiment was to find out the best mulch type in reducing soil temperatures. Results showed that each retardant had its own best timing for application, 12:00 WIB was the best time for watering potato crops, irrigation significantly reduce maximum soil temperatures, and silver mulch along with organic mulches were the best mulches for reducing maximum soil temperature. Keywords: growth retardants,high temperature, potatoes ANTI SURFACE UNIT (SU) ANTIBODY RESPONSE OF BALB/C MICE
IMMUNIZED WITH SPLEEN AND TISSUE CULTURE VACCINE OF JEMBRANA
DISEASE VIRUS
Ni Luh Putu Manik Widiyanti
Department of Biology Education, Mathematic and Natural Science Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Jl Udayana Singaraja- Bali Telp. 08124665149, 081236025898 Email : [email protected] Bali cattle are one of the Indonesia 's nasional assets which need to be concerved as they have many advantages. They are however susceptible to many infection disease such as jembrana disease. Currently, the disease is prevented by immunized using vaccine derived from jembrana disease virus (JDV)-infected bali cattle. An alternative vaccine using JDV-infected lymphocyte culture is expected to increase the virus yield and is therefore likely to increase the antibody response in the vaccinated animals. A study was therefore conducted to compare the anti-surface unit antibody response of Balb/c mice immunized with vaccine derived from the spleen of infected cattle (spleen vaccine) and those immunized with vaccine derived from infected lymphocyte culture (culture vaccine). As many as 16 female Balb/c mice were divided into two groups, each group was immunized 4 times weekly respectively with spleen and culture vaccines. The antibody response against the surface unit protein of JDV was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the absorbance reading 29 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 of mice sera from each group was compared. T-student and univariate analysis showed that
the average absorbance reading sera of sera derived from mice immunized with spleen
vaccine (0,36) was significantly different from those immunized with culture vaccine (0,75).
It appears that culture vaccine is able to induce anti-surface unit antibody response as high as
spleen vaccine.
Key words : Anti-surface unit antibody, spleen vaccine, tissue culture vaccine, jembrana
disease virus.

SUCCESSIVE SPAWNING STUDY ON AUSTRALIAN RED CLAW CRAYFISH
(Cherax quadricarinatus) : I. EFFECT OF PROTEIN AND ENERGY CONTENT OF
FEED ON DURATION INTER SPAWNING
Muhammad Idris1,2, Tjandra Anggraeni2, Ahmad Ridwan2, and Edy Yuwono3
1Fishery Department, Fishery and Marine Science Faculty, Haluoleo University, Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia Email: [email protected] 2School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia 3Biology Faculty, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia Observation on successive spawning on Australian Red Claw Crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) has been conducted in Laboratory of Animal Physiology, School of Life Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, from October 2009 until July 2010. Crayfish (8 adult female : 3 adult male per aquaria) were kept in 3 glass aquaria (120 x 70 x 30 cm) until the female completed two successive spawning. Three kinds of feed were tested, varied in protein and energy content, i.e. 33% : 3.89 kcal/g feed; 36% : 3.89 kcal/g feed and 36% : 4.2 kcal/g feed, respectively. Variables observed are duration inter spawning, defined as the length (in days) between two consecutive "manually released" egg from berried female, and some nutritional states of female measured after that two consecutive spawning. The results of the study show that, to complete two consecutive spawning, female has been kept from 90 to 279 days (mean 175 days). Duration inter spawning range from 49-175 days, and that mean ± standard deviation and minimum-maximum for the three test feeds is : 82.25 ± 38.477 (49-147) days; 115.50 ± 45.211 (56-175) days and 110.25 ± 15.313 (84-126) days, respectively. Analysis variance shows that those data are not significantly different for all test feeds. It also shows that molting inter two consecutive spawning that occurs on some female, presumably extend the length of duration inter spawning, and interfere this parameter. Therefore, alternative parameter is discussed in this paper. Consistent with the lowest protein and energy content of test feed, energy content of hepatopancreas show the lowest in 33% : 3.389 kcal/g feed and significantly different with other treatments, while energy content of tail muscle is not significantly different. Biochemical Analysis on hepatopancreas shows protein content is not significantly different, while fat and carbohydrate content is significantly different. This result is discussed and compared with previous research to conclude the implication of those result. Key Words : Red Claw Crayfish, Successive spawning, Nutritional State, Feed Effect. 30 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 THE 5'-END NON-CODING REGION AND CODING REGION OF POLYMERASE
GENE COMPLEX OF BIRD FLU VIRUS FROM
POULTRY AND SWINE IN INDONESIA
Kencana, G.A.Y.1, Asmara, W. 2, Tabbu, C.R. 2, Mahardika, I.G.N.K.1
1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Udayana University, Bali 2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Gadjah Mada University, Jogjakarta Studies on the viral genetic factors that influence host specificity and pathogenecity of Avian Influenza Virus of H5N1 subtype (AIV H5N1) are invaluable to predict the pathogenicity of the isolates. This study was done to elucidate the possibility of nucleotide (nt) sequence variation of non-coding region (NCR) of 5'-ends of positive strand cRNA as well as nt and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of 5- end coding region (CR) of PB2, PB1, and PA genes of isolates from poultry (chicken, duck, and quill) and swine. The object of the study was AIV H5N1 isolates that were isolated from chicken, duck, quail, and swine from Java and Bali in 2004-2007. The isolates belong to Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Udayana University Bali,Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta, and Institut Pertanian Bogor. The isolates were propagated in specific pathogenic free (SPF) chicken eggs of 9 days-old embryo. The targeted gene fragments were produced with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using published universal forward primers and specifically designed backward primers. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction products were sequenced using automated DNA sequencer in Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta. All nt sequences and the corresponding aa sequences were aligned and deduced using Clustal W method of Mega 4. It is concluded that sequence variation of NCR of PB2 and PA genes between AIV isolates of poultry (chicken, duck, and quail) and mammal (pig) was not found. Sequence variation of NCR of PB1 gene between AIV isolated from those species was also not found, except that one variant sequence of 5'-AGCGAAAGCAGGCAAACTATTTGA-3' (the substituton C-7T is written in italic and underlined) was observed in one isolate from duck (Duck/Badung/2006). Host diversity and geographical distribution did not influence the pattern of the 5-end CR sequences of PB2, PB1, PA genes and the genetic distance. Furthermore, the 5-end CR of PB2, PB1, and PA genes of all isolates under study do not show any specific geographical and species pattern. Isolate specific amino acid sequence was found in a swine isolate of Sw/Tabanan/2006 which had substitutions of D26E, H27Q, M50I, and H134Y. Keywords: 5'-End non-coding region, coding region, avian influenza virus of H5N1, polymerase genes (PB2, PB1 and PA), sequence analysis. SMALL-SCALE ORGANIC FARMING EMPOWERMENT FOR LOWER-MIDDLE
INCOME COMMUNITY (A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH FOR NATIONAL FOOD
SECURITY AND POVERTY REDUCTION)
Nyoman Sutarsa
Community and Preventive Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana 31 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 The small scale organic farming (SSOF) has a potential power to improve or even to establish the national food security on the community basis. The synergic and holistic combination of both the households and local farmer groups SSOF will lead lower-middle income community into food security. This combination promotes food availability, food stability, food accessibility, and food safety among poor community. Indeed, this is also a potential way to generate more incomes and to decrease the rate of dependency to newly form of agricultural technology which is benefit to establish national food dignity. The small scale organic farming can be implemented as an effective approach to overcome the poverty on the community basis by generating income through organic agriculture. This strategy will be in line with poverty reduction programs which are implemented by Indonesian government. This strategy could be more effective due to directly related to household food security. The SSOF could be an effective and a practical solution for poverty reduction at least due to 5 specific reasons: (1) the organic farming in the household levels reduce cost for daily foods, since they are producing by them self, (2) the organic farming in the local farmer groups effectively increase their income and prosperity since this method bring many advantages as mentioned above, (3) the SSOF might be able to create job opportunities in the lower to middle income community, (4) the SSOF promotes sustainable chain agriculture which are benefited for small scale farmers, (5) the SSOF promotes food security as well as food safety for poor community, which leads the increasing of health and nutritional status, reduce the morbidity, reduce the mortality, and effectively increase the productivity of the community. The implementation of the small scale organic faming in Indonesia will face several obstacles including financial aids, skills improvement of the community, and marketing strategy to distribute the products. Developing public and private partnership and providing mentoring for both skill/knowledge and marketing/distribution are practical solutions to succeed the implementation of the SSOF in Indonesia. Key Words: organic farming, food security, poverty, implementation, agriculture, health EMBRYOGENIC CALLUS INDUCTION FROM MALE INFLORESCENCE OF
LOCAL BANANA CULTIVARS WITH A VIEW TO PRODUCE FUSARIUM WILT
RESISTANT PLANT VIA IN VITRO SELECTION
Sugiyono, Alice Yuniaty, Lucky Prayoga
Faculty of Biology, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto,Central Java, Indonesia. This I-MHERE funded research is the first step of a research program to produce Fusarium wilt resistant of local banana cultivars using in vitro selection approach. The objectives of this first research step is to produce sufficient material for in vitro selection. The specific objectives of this experiment was to study the influence of auxin (2,4-D and IAA) on embryogenic callus formation from male inflorescence of four local banana cultivars (Raja, Ambon, Ambon Nangka, Kapok Kuning). An experimental research method on a split-split plot design has been used. The main plot was local banana cultivars (Raja, Ambon, Ambon Nangka, Kapok Kuning), the sub plot was the kind of auxin (2,4-D, IAA), and the sub-sub plot was auxin concentration (0; 5; 10; 15 µM). All treatment combinations were replicated 3 times. The nutrient medium used was Murashige and Skoog (MS-1962) supplemented with 7.5 µM BAP and solidified with 0.8% agar. The cultures were kept in dark condition at 24 oC for six weeks. The parameters measured include the percentage of callus formation, callus formation time, and the type of callus formed. The research results showed that no difference of callus formation among cultivars was observed. Its was also found that 2,4-D was more effective than IAA in stimulating embryogenic callus formation. I can also be concluded that MS-1962 medium supplemented with 15 µM 2,4-D and 7.5 µM BAP can be used to produce 32 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 embryogenic calli from male inflorescence of local banana cultivars (Raja, Ambon, Ambon Nangka, Kapok Kuning). Keywords: embryogenic callus, 2,4-D, IAA, Banana BRINGING DOWN POTATO CROPS TO LOWER ELEVATIONS IN INDONESIA
Usman Kris Joko Suharjo
Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Faulcty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University; Jl. Raya W.R. Supratman, Bengkulu.; [email protected] Potato crop is well-known to be temperate crops eventhough it is origanally introduced to temperate countries from Highland of Andes. In Indonesia, potato crops are grown at high elevation due to its requirement fro low temperature to produce maximum yield. Due to many environmental problems caused by gworing potatoes at high elevations, the Council of Nasional Research (Dewan Riset Nasional, DRN) has recently launched a program known as Tropikasi Tanaman Kentang, which is bringing down potato crops to lower elevations. Bringing down potato crops to lower elevation will face lots of problems related to high temperature. As a result, the crops will produce little number of tubers and small size of tubers, which are unmarketable. This paper will discuss what factors causing potato crops produce poor yield at lower elevations and how to deal with the problems. In addition, in response to the program launched b DRN, researchers at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Bengkulu University have carried out some research to enable farmers to grow potato crops at medium and low elevation. Some of the results will be presented at this paper. Keywords: low elevation, potatoes, high temperatures SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF LAND AGRICULTURE IN BALI
BASED ON SOIL HEALTH
I Made Adnyana
Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University Soil quality are soil conditions that indicated those soil in health such as a good characteristics (physically, chemically, and biologically) and sustainable for high soil productivity. Physical and chemistry of soil qualities can occurred by soil texture and soil fertility status respectively; whereas the biological of soil quality predicted by soil organic matter in soil. Soil productivity is the capacity of specific soil to plant growth, its changing greatly on management system, plant production, and soil condition. The Good quality of soil can sustain plant and animal growth and productivity, maintain air and water quality, and support human life. When the soil is healthy, roots can explore soil pores to find the water and nutrients needed by the plant. The indicators of physical soil quality are the proportion of soil particles, i.e. sand, silt, and clay in top soil and sub soil, whereas the indicators of chemistry soil quality are P (Phosphorous) and K (Potassium) contents, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Base Saturation, and organic matter. The activity of the soil micro organism as indicators of biological soil quality are biomass, biodiversities, mineralization process, confirmed by organic matter amounts in the soil. Generally, the physical quality of soil in Bali was good ( its had a medium texture with clay content < 35%); but at some location likes the length of coast area was bad (because of sand content > 70%); the chemistry quality of soil was low to medium ( its had high of CEC and Base Saturation, low of Phosphorous and 33 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Organic Matter, medium to high of Potassium) ; and the biological quality of soil was bad (because of low substrate and energy for microorganism that's come from organic matter). The limitation factor of paddy soil in Bali were low of organic matter and Nitrogen content. The dray land (upland), generally, managed by traditional system with unbalance biochemistry fertilization. To sustainable management of land agriculture in Bali can done by increasing the soil quality (physical, chemistry, and biological) with adding organic matter, balance of N, P, K fertilization, and suitable alternative agriculture commodities its depends on climate area, soil condition, and social economic factors. THE EFFECT OF EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISM-4 (EM4) AND STARBIO ON
THE PERFORMANCE OF CV (CHERRY VALLEY) 2000 DUCK
DURING 0 – 4 WEEKS OLD
Indrawati, Laksmiwati, Ni Made, I Kadek Anom Wiyana
Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Udayana, Jalan PB Sudirman An experiment was carried out in Faculty of Veterinary of Udayana University Farm to study the effect of EM4 in drinking water and Starbio in the ration of CV 2000 duck during 0 – 4 weeks old. This experiment was designed using in Randomized Bolck Design (RBD) with seven treatments and four blocks consisted five birds each, so the total CV 2000 duck are used in this experiment were 140 birds. The treatments consisted of E1 (1 cc of EM4), E2 (2 cc of EM4), E3 (3 cc of EM4) in one litre drinking water respectively, while S1 (0,5 g), S2 (1,0 g), S3 (1,5 g) Starbio in one kg ration and the control K is ration without either EM4 in drinking water nor Starbio in the ration. Variable observed were the body weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency and the final body weight. Results of this experiment showed that there was no significant difference of EM4 levels on body weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency and the final body weight (P > 0,05). INDUCTION OF EMBRYOGENIC CULTURES FROM ENDOSPERM, NUCELLI,
AND ZYGOTIC EMBRYOS EXPLANTS FROM IMMATURE SEEDS OF MANGO
(MANGIFERA INDICA L. VAR. GEDONG GINCU)
Ni Made Armini Wiendi1, Okti Hanayani2, Alex Hartana3
1Plant Biotechnology, Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture , Bogor Agricultural University (IPB); 2Graduate student at Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture , Bogor Agricultural University (IPB); 3Dept. of Biology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) The purpose of this research was to develop a protocol of somatic embryogenesis of mango (Mangifera indica var. Gedong Gincu) from various explants isolated from immature seeds through in vitro culture. The endosperm, nucelli, and zygoric embryos were removed from immature seeds of Gedong Gincu 289 mango genotype (polyembryonic genotype). All explants were cultured on modified B5 medium (macro and micro salts) and MS (macro and micro salts) under following inductive condition: auxins (IBA, NAA, IAA, 2.4D); cytokinins 34 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 (BAP, Kinetin), GA3, 3-6% sucrose, 6% agar, 1%PVP(Polyvinylpyroplidone), pH 5.8 before autoclaved. All explants were cultured in the dark room at 25 + 2o C. Induction of embryogenic competence was mediated by 3 factors : immature seeds (1,2,3,4, and 5 weeks after flowering), type of explants, and medium composition (M1-5 and B1-5). Explant from immature seeds ( 2 and 3 weeks after flowering) are the most effective explants for inducing embryogenic cultures. Embryogenic cells were induced 2 weeks after cultured. Nucelli and endosperm had the greatest respone with high embryogenic potential at M1 and M2 medium composition. Embryogenic cells well-developed into plantlest on germination medium but in low percentage. Key words: embryogenesis, mango, Gedong Gincu, nucelli, endosperm, zygotic embryos PRODUCTION AND PURIFICATION OF LIPASE FROM ASPERGILLUS NIGER
AND ITS POSSIBILITY FOR α-LINOLENIC ACID PRODUCTION
Kahar Muzakhar*
Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences Jember University
Lipase from Aspergillus niger which produced under solid state fermentation using soybean
pulp as a medium for carbon and nitrogen source has been purified and characterized.
Through 3 steps purification, this enzyme has molecular weight 51 KDa with 1300
purification folds. This enzyme stable at pH 3 to pH 6 and at temperature range 25oC to 60oC.
The optimum pH and temperature are pH 5 and 50oC respectively. For the comparison of this
purified lipase activity, lipases from porcine pancreas (L3126-SIGMA), Mucor miehei
(L9031-SIGMA), R. miehei (L4277-SIGMA), Porcine Pancreas (20552-02 Nacalai), D-
Amano (Amano) and Lipase AY30 (Amano) were used. To measure activities of lipases,
enzymatically method was employed using NEFA-C Kit (WAKO) while Linseed Oil (LO)
was used as substrate. Lipase from R. miehei (L4277-SIGMA) 100unit/mL in 1g/L LO
medium containing 2.5 g/L tergitol-NP40 had highest activity comparing with others
commercial lipases when hydrolysis was done under 30oC incubation for 18 hour 120 rpm.
When LO hydrolysis was done using purified lipase from A. niger, Sixty five percent degree
of hydrolysis was obtained after incubation for 18 hour 120 rpm. But when lipase from R.
miehei was used, only 63% degree of hydrolysis was obtained. Thus, it was almost the same
result if purified lipase from A. niger was applied. It was also proved that crude lipase from A.
niger released 89.8% ALA from LO more higher than lipase from R. miehei 85.8%.
Suggested, the crude lipase from A. niger can be used as a cheap source lipase for ALA
production from LO.

Keywords: lipase, Aspergillus niger. Linseed oil
BIODIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENT

ALLELIC DIVERSITY OF SAMPOERNA AGRO'S EKONA PISIFERA OIL PALM
BASED ON MICROSATELLITE MARKERS
35 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Lollie Agustina P. Putri1, Ronan Rivallan2, Sudarsono3, Xavier Perrier2, Dwi Asmono3,
Norbert Billotte2
1 North Sumatera University (NSU), Department of Agroecotechnology, Jl. Prof A. Sofyan no 3, Campus USU Medan, Indonesia (email : [email protected]) 1 Cirad, Umr Dap 1098, TA 96/A-03 Avenue Agropolis, 34398 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France 1 Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Jl. Meranti, Campus
Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia (email: [email protected])
Germplasm collection, knowledge on genetic distances and relationships among breeding
materials data are important in plant breeding activities and has significant impact on crop
improvement. Sampoerna Agro (SA) has established oil palm germplasm collections
consisted of 3 ekona pisifera populations. In this experiment the allelic diversity among SA's
pisifera collection were investigated using SSR marker. Microsatellite markers are highly
reliable, inherited in codominant fashion whereby heterozygotes and homozygotes are
distinguishable, easy to score and can rapidly produced using PCR. A total of 12 palms from
the populations were genotyped using 20 SSR loci. Mean number of alleles per locus was
3.85 while mean of Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) of the SSR marker analyzed was
56.2%. Observed mean of heterozygosity was 0.604 while expected mean of heterozygosity
was 0.645. Results of genetic dissimilarity coefficient calculation and dendogram
construction using DARwin 5.05 indicated that 12 SA's Ekona pisifera populations was
clustered into three groups. Accession 22 of Ekona pisifera and part of accession 1 belonged
into group I; that of accession 7 belonged into group II; while number of individuals of
accession 1 belonged into Group III. Implication of allelic diversity of SA's pisifera germ
plasm on SA's breeding program will be discussed in detail.
Keywords : allelic diversity, mirosatellite marker, oil palm, pisifera

PLANT COMMUNITY STUDY USING NON METRIC MULTI DIMENSIONAL
SCALING (NMDS) AND DETRENDED CORRESPONDENCE ANAYSIS
ORDINATION IN LAKE BUYAN-TAMBLINGAN FOREST AREAS BALI
UPT BKT Kebun Raya Eka Karya Bali, Candikuning, Baturiti, Tabanan, Bali 82191 Vegetation analysis in Buyan-Tamblingan Nature Recreation Area aimed to identified whether there were differences between the two communities in terms of vegetation structure and composition. NMDS ordination revealed data that support the hypotheses that the two communities were different (RANOSIM=0.7 p<0,001). Species diversity was also different between these communities. Buyan area had higher diversity index (Shannon 2,00) compare to Tamblingan (1,60). Differences in tourism activities and impacts were proposed to be one of the reason behind the results. Restoration in a form of reintroduction, to reintroduce and re-planting native or local species is proposed to be conducted in the Buyan Lake areas to conserve the ecosystem and prevent exotic species to become invasives and dominates the area. 36 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 IS IT POSSIBLE TO TRACT DOWN WHO'S POLLUTING THE RIVER?
Iryanti E Suprihatin
Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Jimbaran, Badung, Bali, [email protected]
This paper reports the use of faecal steroids, namely coprostanol, cholesterol, ethyl
coprostanol, epicoprostanol, cholestanol, stigmastanol, -sitosterol, and others, to determine
the sources of faecal pollution in water environments. The fact that each animal excretes
unique steroid composition has been acknowledged world wide and thus the faecal steroid
profiles have been used as finger print for the animal. In this paper the compositions of steroid
compounds in faeces of various animals including human are confronted against those of
water samples collected from various locations. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is
applied as a technique to extract the data and highlight the similarities and differences
between animals and locations samples. This technique is proven to be reliable for the
determination of the pollution sources.

Keywords: coprostanol, ethyl coprostanol, faecal pollution, steroids, PCA

POPULATION DYNAMICS AND IDENTIFICATION OF PHOSPHATE
SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA IN COMPOST OF AGRICULTURAL LITTERS
Entin Daningsih1*, Muziati1, Rita Junaini1, Abdi Rahmadi1, Ari Sunandar1, Emi
Minarti1, Laili Fitri Yeni1 and Moch Budi Setiawan2.
1Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Tanjungpura, 2Dinas Pertanian Provinsi Kalimantan Barat Effort to find out simple, easy and inexpensive technology as alternative agricultural practices of slash and burn need to be done. Slash and burn in agricultural practices has caused many problems in West Kalimantan. The aim of slash and burn practices is to eliminate weeds. This principle can be done by composting agricultural litters and depend upon microorganisms that work fast in composting the litters. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) is one of the bacteria involved in composting. The availability of phosphate in compost indicates the presence of PSB. By having population dynamic of this bacteria, processing time of composting can be estimated. The compost using the litters of four dominant plants namely Pterydophyta, Imperata cylindrica, Cyperus sp, Ludwigia hyssofolia coming from agricultural area was studied to find out population dynamics of PSB and to indentify genus of PSB which involved in the process of compost. The highest temperature during this study was 56 0C on the third day of composting and reduced to 37oC while pH initially tended to be acid (6.66) and gradually increased to basic neutral pH (7.22) at the end of composting. Based on Gaussian estimation, the duration of PSB availability was 7 days from the ninth to the15th day of composting with the number of 4,28.107 CFU.g -1 of compost at the peak on 12th day. Based on biochemical test and isolate characterization, two genus of PSB involved in composting of agricultural litters were Flavobacteria and Pseudomonas. 37 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Keywords :
Population dynamics, Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria, Gaussian, Compost, Pteridophyta, Imperata cylindrica, Cyperus sp., Ludwigia hyssofolia, Flavobacteria and Pseudomonas. ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND DEGRADATION CAPACITY
TEST OF PETROLEUM DEGRADATION MICROBE FROM SEA WATER IN
CELUKAN BAWANG HARBOUR, BULELENG
Ni Putu Ristiati
Department of Biology Education, FMIPA Undiksha Singaraja Jl.Udayana Singaraja Bali
The highest pollution resources of aquatic environment in the sea caused by petroleum spoils
especially diesel fuel. The recovery efforts of the pollution can be done by physical, chemical,
and biological methods. For biological method, the use of bacteria is the most efficient,
effective and environmental friendly for biodegradation of the oil. The aim of this research
are to know : (1) bacteria genus that able to degradate the diesel fuel in the water sea of
Celukan Bawang harbour, (2) the effect of temperature different of sterilization towards the
number of oil degradation bacteria colony, and (3) the effect of C/N addition to degradation
media towards bacteria capacity in diesel fuel degradation. This research is exploratif and
experimental research.The data collection in this research was done by two ways (1) field
research, and (2) sample analysis in laboratory. Based on characterization result, there are five
bacteria isolates, i.e : (1) Bacillus (E and G2 isolate), (2) Pseudomonas ( D and G1 isolate),
(3) Acetobacter (H isolate), (4) Halomonas (F isolate), and (5) Neisseria (A, B, and C2
isolate). From the research results can be concluded that bacteria diversity for degradation of
oil in Celukan Bawang harbour is classified in middle grade. Based on data analysis was
found that Fcalculated = 84,867 > F table = 2,62. It means, there are significant effect of
sterilization temperature significantly toward number of bacteria colony and n-octanoic acid concentration. The differencet due to denaturation protein at high temperature. Based on analysis was found that calculated statistic value (21,29) > table value (11,07), therefore, Ho is rejected. This mean that there is significant differencet of urea addition on isolation media towards bacteria capacity to degradate petroleum. This study also shown that the treatment group produce the highest octanoic acid i.e 13,90 mg. Keywords : isolation, bacteria, degradation, diesel fuel SELECTION OF PANCREATIC LIKE AMYLASE PRODUCING LACTIC ACID
BACTERIA AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ENZYME
Budiasih Wahyuntari
Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi, Laboratoria Pengembangan Teknologi Industri Agro-Biomedika (LAPTIAB), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, gd 610 α-amylase is one of important enzymes in biotechnology. Some Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) have been reported to produce α-amylase and have been Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) microorganisms. The aim of this experiment was to select LAB of our Laboratory collection that was able to produce α-amylase and to characterize some of the enzyme properties. There were 14 out of 40 isolates tested that had capability to produce α-amylase. 38 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Among 14 isolates. It had been selected 3 isolates that had relatively high amylolytic activity namely Pediococcus pentosoceus IF0 12230, Isolat Db-3 018 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii JCM 1012 with amylolytic activity of 0.5579 U/mL minute, 0,56U/mL minute and 0,43 U/mL. The optimum pH of the enzyme produced by all selected isolates was at pH 6.0 whereas the the optimum temperature of the enzyme of Pediococcus pentosaceus IFO 12230, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii JCM 1012 was observed at 37oC whilst optimum temperature of the isolate Db-3 enzyme was at 36oC. Keywords: Amylase, lactic acid bacteria MITOCHONDRIAL DNA CYTOCHROME OXYDASE II SEQUENCES ANALYSIS
OF BALI STARLINGS IN WEST BALI AND NUSA PENIDA CAPTIVITY
Tjokorda Sari Nindhia1),2), I.G.N.K. Mahardika2) and I Wayan Batan3)
1)Laboratory of Biostatistic 2)Animal Biomedical and Molecular Biology Laboratory 3)Departement of Veterinary Clinic Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Udayana University Campus Bukit Jimbaran Bali 80364 Molecular technic can be applied in learning the population structure and to plan the effective conservation strategy for birds, especially for endangered birds such as Bali Starlings (Leucopsar rothschildi). This research is aimed to understand the population genetical structure, relationship and genetic diversity of Bali Starlings in captivity which executes the program of releasing them into the wild. This study used eight growing feather samples from birds of different individuals collected from West Bali National Park (TNBB) Captivity and from Begawan Giri Foundation Nusa Penida, each birds belong to different captive maternal origins. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was isolated by DNA Isolation Kit (Invitrogen) followed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technic. DNA sequence analysis of the results is done using the MEGA4 program. The results of the sample sequencing cytochrome oxydase II (COII) mtDNA compared with Bali starlings sequences downloaded from the Gene Bank. Area analysis COII mt DNA from eight samples showed three genetic variations in Bali Starling samples which were investigated based on nucleotide sequence differences and amino acid sequences found. Genetic distance average produced was 0,2%. Data on the results of this study show that genetic diversity is very low in the sample Bali starlings from TNBB captivity and from Begawan Giri Foundation. Keywords: Leucopsar rothschildi, PCR, mitochondrial DNA, cytochrome oxydase II, haplotype 39 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 GENETIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GEMBRONG GOAT, KACANG
GOAT AND KACANG x ETAWAH CROSSBRED
BASED ON THEIR MITOCHONDRIAL DNA
I Gusti Lanang Oka1, Wayan SayangYupardhi1, Ida Bagus Mantra1 ,
Nyoman Suyasa2 and Anak Agung Sagung Dewi3
1 Faculty of Animal Science, Udayana University, Bukit Jimbaran, Bali
2 B.P.T.P., Denpasar, Bali, 3 B.B.Vet., Denpasar, Bali
Gembrong goat is a specific type of goat which has long hair covers its whole body including its neck and face, originated from eastern part of Bali (Karangasem). A study of this type of goat and its relationship with other local goats (Kacang and Kacang x Etawah crossbred) was carried out at Sawe village, Jembrana, Bali. A number of 12 gembrong goats, 3 kacang goats from Kubu village, Karangasem and 3 Kacang x Etawah crossbred goats from Denpasar were used in this study. Blood samples of all goats were collected for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis. PCR amplification of D-loop mtDNA was carried out by using CAP-F primer (5'-CGTGTATGCAAGTACATTAC-3') and CAP-R primer (5'-CTGATTAGTCATTAGTCCATC-3'). Sequencing of 550 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA (product of PCR) only found one polymorphic site at base number 231 with two haplotypes in gembrong goat only. The frequency of haplotype 1 was 83.3% and the frequency of haplotype 2 was 16.7%. It was concluded that based on their mitochondrial DNA sequences and "phylogenic analysis", the three types of goat (gembrong, kacang and kacang x etawah crossbred) have a very close genetic relationship. Key words: Gembrong goat, mitochondrial DNA, genetic relationship 40 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 III. POSTER PRESENTATIONS
COMPARISON ON EFFECTIVENESS OF Chrysomyia rufifacies AND Musca
domestica larvae IN EXTRACT TEST IN VITRO, EXTRACT TEST IN VIVO AND
MAGGOT DEBRIDEMENT THERAPHY ON METHICILLIN-RESISTANT
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) INFECTED WOUNDS.
Purnamasidhi, W.
Medical Faculty of Udayana University. Maggot has an important medical benefit. Some species of maggot can be used for wound debridement. This method is known as Maggot Debridement Therapy. In addition to its ability to feed on necrotic tissue, maggot has been proved to be able to kill bacteria in wounds. Of the usable maggots, two of them are the maggots of Chrysomyia rufifacies and Musca domestica. Usage of maggot has difficulties in its application on human. Therefore, it is considered beneficial to research whether maggot extract also has antibacterial effect. The research starts on the search of the appropriate maggots, drying and grinding the maggots, and extraction of the pulverized maggots by means of percolation. The design of the research is experimental with post-test and control group. The research divides MRSA samples into 2 groups: treatment group, which is treated with maggot extract, and positive control group, which is treated with mupirocin. Tube dilution test is used to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of maggot extract, after which samples are grown in solid media by means of plate-streaking method to detect any growth of bacteria, thus determine the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The result of in vitro-extract test indicates that the MIC from both maggot extracts remains undetermined. The MBC from Chrysomyia rufifacies's maggot extract is 0,25 mg/ml, while the MBC Musca domestica's maggot extract is greater than 6,25 mg/ml. Thus, it can be concluded that the maggot extract of Chrysomyia rufifacies has a more potent anti-bacterial activity to MRSA than the maggot extract of Musca domestica. Keywords: maggot, Chrysomyia rufifacies, Musca domestica, extract, MRSA. DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS FOR THE DETECTION OF RABIES VIRUS
DGD. Dharma Santhi, DAP. Rasmika Dewi, A.A.N. Subawa1 1 Departemen Patologi Klinik FK – UNUD/ RSUP. Sanglah Denpasar Rabies is a zoonotic disease (a disease that is transmitted to humans from animals) that is caused by the Rhabdovirus of the genus Lyssavirus. Rabies infects domestic and wild animals, and is spread to people through close contact with infected saliva (via bites or scratches). Rabies is almost always a fatal infection. A progressive illness of approximately 41 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 two to 21 days follows an incubation period of usually three to eight weeks. Several tests are necessary to diagnose rabies antemortem (before death) in humans; no single test is sufficient. Specimens for rabies testing should be collected only after more common etiologies of encephalitis or myelitis have been ruled out. Tests are performed on samples of saliva, serum, spinal fluid, and skin biopsies of hair follicles at the nape of the neck. Saliva can be tested by virus isolation or reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Serum and spinal fluid are tested for antibodies to rabies virus. Skin biopsy specimens are examined for rabies antigen in the cutaneous nerves at the base of hair follicles. Key word: Diagnostic Tools, Rabies Virus, Human CELLULAR SIGNALING OF LEPTIN RESISTANCE IN OBESITY
I Gusti Ayu Dewi Ratnayanti
Medical Faculty Udayana University Obesity, which is defined as a pathologic condition due to the over accumulation of fat, is one of major health problem in the world today. It leads to social, psychological and serious health problems, including cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death in the world. The mechanism of the imbalance between energy production and expenditure result in obesity is still unclear. Leptin resistance is thought to be one of the possible explanations. Leptin is 16 kDa hormone produced primarily by white adipose tissue. It is sometimes called an adipocytokine due to the shared structure and function with proinflammatory cytokine, such as interleukin-6. The improper response following an induction by leptin is considered as resistancy. This leptin resistance may yield from abnormalities in several levels from the translation through the leptin signaling. Leptin signaling is controlled by intracellular promotor and inhibitor. The known intracellular promotor is an SH2 domain-containing adaptor protein (SH2B1), whereas the inhibition of leptin signal transduction is facilitated by a suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3) and a protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 B (PTP1B). Dysfunction of those regulators may be the point to which leptin resistance originate and therefore could be the target for future therapy. Key words: leptin resistance, obesity, SH2B1, SOCS3, PTP1B. SURVEY THE NUMBER OF Coliform AND IDENTIFICATION OF Escherichia coli
IN SIOMAY VENDORS S RINSE WATER IN SUB-DISTRICT TEMBALANG,
SEMARANG
Dwi Sutiningsih
Public Health Faculty University of Diponegoro [email protected] Water has potential for spreading disease through water washed disease. In water washed disease, infection can be caused person to other person through water supply. Coliform bacteria is a bacteria group that used as indicator of contamination on the water. Coliform that caused diarhea is Escherichia coli. The aim of this research are to know the number of Coliform and identify the existence of E. coli in Siomay vendor s rinse water in Sub-district 42 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Tembalang, District Tembalang, Semarang. This research is descriptive with cross sectional design. Population in this research are all Siomay vendor s rinse water in Sub-district Tembalang, District Tembalang, Semarang. The samples is rinse water from 17 Siomay vendor which taken by using purposive sampling technique. Data was analyzed by descriptive. The result of this research indicated that all rinse water contain the number of Coliform more than 2.400/ml. While from identification result of E. coli known that 11 samples shows positive result to the existence of E. coli. A conclusion of this research are all siomay vendor s rinse waters aren t fulfill microbiologies quality standard so that improper to be used for washing eating utensils. Therefore, suggested to siomay vendor so that more pay attention to rinse water sanitation. Key words : Coliform, E. coli, rinse water, siomay DESIGN RECOMBINANT PRODUCTION OF LUMBROKINASE AND
PREDICTION OF HOST WITH INSILICO MAPPING APPROACH
Fadilah S.Si, M.Si
Indonesia University, Faculty of Medicine Lumbrokinase (LK) is a potent plasminogen activator. It is widespread clinical use as a thrombolytic agent. We are to design recombinant having ability to produce lumbrokinase in E. coli by expression vector pTZ19R. The Genomic data of lumbrokinase (LK) was got from NCBI, then it was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method on primer3 and sub-cloned to prokaryotic expression vector pTZ19R ( VR ) . The enzyme Acc651 was a ristriction role. Cloning between LK and VR was done by pDRAW32 software. The expressed recombinant was tested by agarosa gel in order to know the cloning succed or not. The results are compound with 2862 Molecular weigth ( stands for pTZ19R ) and 788 Moleclucar weigth (stands for DNA LK ). Than Escherichia coli were transformed with PTZ19R-lk and gene expression. The insilico data showed that recombinant lumbrokinase can improve pTZ19R 100% in Escherichia coli. Key word: Lumbrokinase, insilico, design recombinant, thrombolytic agent ANALYSIS INTERACTION OF NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITOR OF INFLUENZA A
FROM SPONGES COMPOUNDS BY MOLECULAR DOCKING APPROACH
Fatmawaty
Indonesia University, Salemba Raya, Jakarta
Influenza A is a disease caused by infection of influenza A virus. It has become a major
health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. In this research, we have conducted. The
insilico study (docking) of Sponges compounds which has a role as neuraminidase inhibitor
of influenza A virus has been conducted. From the docking, it is identified that compounds
from sponges containing polifenol have great affinity and ability to inhibit of
neuraminidase.After docking ,there is residu contact between polifenol compound to
neuraminidase. A hydrogen binding also formed at catalytic site of neuroamidase toward
polifenol compounds. The docking result showed that polifenol compounds have better
binding energy and affinity than other bioactive compounds and the standards used.
43 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Key words: inhibitor, molecular docking, influenza A, sponges compounds, neuraminidase DIFFERENTIATION OF PLASMA IL-10/TNF-α RATIO BETWEEN OF Malaria
falciparum PATIENTS WITH ANEMIA AND WITHOUT ANEMIA
I Nyoman Wande
Medical Faculty of Udayana University
Background. Anemia is an important complication of malaria, and its pathogenesis is not
well understood. High level of the Th2 cytokine (such as IL-10), which counteract the Th1
(such as TNF-α) cytokine, might prevent the development of severe malarial anemia.
Objective. The purpose of this study was to compare the ratios of plasma IL-10/TNF-α in
malaria falciparum patients with anemia and without anemia.
Methods. Concentrations of plasma IL-10 and TNF-α in 16 malaria falciparum patients with
anemia and 16 malaria falciparum patients without anemia from patients at primary health
centers, West Lombok and Center Lombok during March until July 2008 were measured
using ELISA and were calculated for ratios IL-10/TNF-α respectively. Concentration of
haemoglobin (Hb) was measured using hematology analyzer. Anemia is concentration of Hb
< 11 g/dl. The results were analyzed using 2 sample t test with SPSS ver.13.
Results. The average concentration of plasma IL-10 in malaria falciparum patients with
anemia was 8.81 ± 3.04 pg/ml while the average concentration of plasma IL-10 in malaria
falciparum patients without anemia was 47,99 ± 25,26 pg/ml. The average concentration of
plasma TNF-α in malaria falciparum patients with anemia was 151.7 ± 26.8 pg/ml while the
average concentration of plasma TNF-α in malaria falciparum patients without anemia was
44.06 ± 15.14 pg/ml. The average ratio of plasma IL-10/TNF-α in malaria falciparum patients
with anemia was 0.06 ± 0.026 while the average ratio of plasma IL-10/TNF-α in malaria
falciparum patients without anemia was 1.15 ± 0.46.
Conclusion. The mean ratio of plasma IL-10/TNF-α in malaria falciparum patients with
anemia was significantly lower than the mean ratio of plasma IL-10/TNF-α in malaria
falciparum patients without anemia (p=0.000).
Keywords: malaria falciparum, anemia, IL-10, TNF-α, ELISA
FORMULATION AND TEST OF STERILITY STERILE COMBINATION GEL
ALOE VERA EXTRACT (Aloe barbadensis Mill.) AND THE BANANA TREE TRUNK
EXTRACT (Musa paradisiaca Linn.)
Insan Sunan Kurniawan Syah
Faculty of Pharmacy Padjadjaran University Damaged skin burns could be treated by using a natural drug from plants. Plants, which are commonly used empirically to treat burns and has been tested its activity are Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis mill.) and banana tree (Musa paradisiaca Linn.). Preparations for the treatment of burns, especially on the second and third degree of burns, should be free of microbes. In this research, it had been formulated sterile gel for burns containing 6% extracts of aloe vera and 2% extract of banana stem with two methods, by aseptically process and using gamma 44 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 radiation. This research showed that all of the formula fulfilled the requirements of the sterility test and no physical changes during 56 days of storage although there were differences in pH and viscosity values. Result of qualitative analysis using Thin Layer Chromatography showed that all of sterile gels still had the same component with extract. The physical appearance of gels which were formulated aseptically and using gamma radiation gave a different result especially in color and its consistancy. Keywords: Aloe vera, Burns, Extract of banana stem, Sterile gel DIFFERENCES IN PLASMA ADIPONECTIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE
2 DIABETES MELLITUS ON VARIOUS LEVELS OF HbA1c CONCENTRATION
AS A CRITERIA OF DIABETES MELLITUS MONITORING
Ni Made Linawati
Medical Faculty of Udayana University
Background. Insulin resistance is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes
and plays a key role in associated metabolic abnormalities, such as dyslipidemia and
hypertension. Adiponectin appears to enhance insulin action and ameliorate a variety of
detrimental vascular responses in insulin-resistant patients. Adiponectin plasma
concentrations are decreased in patients with type 2 diabetes. Despite the fact that adiponectin
is an adipose-specific protein, as an individual becomes more obese, the adiponectin
concentration in the blood is decreased and insulin resistance increases.
Objective. The purpose of this study was to compare the concentration of plasma adiponectin
in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with grade several of HbA1C level.
Methods. Concentrations of plasma adiponectin in 30 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from
patients at General Hospital Sanglah Denpasar, during February until April 2009 were
measured using ELISA. Concentration of HbA1C was measured using chemical analyzer.
There were three groups of sample population: group of HbA1C < 6.5%, HbA1C 6.5-8%, and
HbA1C > 8%. The results were analyzed using ANOVA with SPSS ver.13.
Results. The average concentration of plasma adiponectin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
with HbA1C < 6,5% was 7.33 ± 2.63 µg/ml; with HbA1C 6,5% - 8% was 3.80 ± 0.79 µg/ml;
with HbA1C > 8% was 2.35 ± 0.64 µg/ml.
Conclusion. The mean of plasma adiponectin concentration in type 2 diabetes mellitus
patients with HbA1C < 6,5% was significantly higher than the mean of plasma adiponectin
concentration in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with HbA1C 6,5-8% and HbA1C > 8%
(p=0.000), while the mean of plasma adiponectin concentration in type 2 diabetes mellitus
patients with HbA1C 6,5-8% was not significantly different than the mean of plasma
adiponectin concentration in type 2 diabetes mellitus with HbA1C >8%.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, HbA1C, plasma adiponectin, ELISA
45 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 THE ANALYISIS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) SUBTYPES ON S (Surface)
REGION GENES FROM PATIENT IN MENGWI, BADUNG, BALI
Made Agus Hendrayana1, Retno Handajani2,
Maria Inge Lusida2, Soetjipto2
Department of Clinical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Udayana University,Bali1
Institute of Tropical Disease Airlangga University, Surabaya2
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major worldwide problem as well as in Indonesia. Indonesia has a high Endemic level of hepatitis B infection. The subtypes HBV can show some differences in the aspects of geographical distribution and clinical and virological characteristics and provide historical information on the migration pattern of local's ancestor. Mengwi has become a developed region with the rapid growth of social economic, demographic and dynamic inhabitants. This condition can contribute the varieties of HBV subtype. The purpose of this research was to analyze the HBV subtype on patients who possessed hepatitis signs and symptoms and came to Puskesmas Mengwi I, Badung, Bali. The research subject was taken from 75 patients who came to Puskesmas Mengwi I during collecting sample period. All serum samples were examined for ALT/SGPT level and detection for HBsAg by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Serum of HBsAg Positive samples were used to identify the HBV subtype. We carried out DNA extraction from serum of HBsAg Positive samples. Some parts of the viral S gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) first-round with primers P7 and P8. If the PCR Amplification gad been negative, a second-round (nested) PCR would have been carried out by using primers HBS1 and HBS2. Then, they were purified, labeled, and sequenced. The obtained nucleotide sequences were converted into amino-acid sequences and we conducted multiple alignment. HBV subtype were determined by using the analysis of amino acid substitutions at positions 122, 127, 134, 159, 160, and 177 of S gene and done with computer program Genetyx for windows version 9.0. The analysis of HBV subtype showed that subtype adw2 was found on ten of eleven isolates (90,9%), followed by subtype adrq+ was found only on one sample (9,1%). The previous study by Utama A et al, (2009) found that HBV subtype adw2 and adrq+ were found predominantly on HBV genotype B and C infection in Indonesia. Interestingly, in this study we found all of genotypes B were subtype adw2, and genotype C sample was subtype adrq+. Keywords : Hepatitis B virus (HBV), subtypes, Mengwi area ENHANCEMENT PHALLOPLASTY AND GIRTH ENHANCEMENT; IS IT
REALLY NECESSARY FOR THE RECONSTRUCTION OF PENIS
I Made Oka Negara
Andrology and Sexology Department Udayana University By histology, the penis is composed predominantly by the connective tissue. Starting from the urethra, erectile tissue and the corpora cavernosum, corpus spongiosum and the tunica 46 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 albuginea, and smooth muscle fibers and muscle fibers with few stripes. Since reaching the peak of male puberty at the age of 16-17 years old, penis size can no longer change. Physically, the size of the penis does not affect the achievement of female orgasm and sexual satisfaction, as long as the penis under normal circumstances should be based on developments. Female orgasm and sexual satisfaction is more determined by the quality of erection, ejaculation and the ability to control the emotional involvement of the spouse. Penis enlargements efforts are often conducted so far are: liquid silicone injections, manual massage, vacuum, pill, ointment, patch and other materials (such as tea marinade), traction and another one is surgery. In many cases, after performing the penis enlargement procedure is penis deformity experienced both physical and sexual functioning. Enhancement Phalloplasty and Girth Enhancement is a surgical procedure performed reconstruction by extending the penis and enlarge its diameter. The trick is cutting the suspensory ligament of the penis, which fix the base of the penis on the pubic bone. Part attached to the bone to be released so that it will be a fall and look longer. Meanwhile, to make the penis thicker involves removal of fat from the thick muscular body, buttocks or stomach and inject the fat into the penis. Cutting the suspensory ligament can cause your penis to be unstable. Injections of fat into the penis there is no proven benefit. In fact there are potential risks of these techniques, such as infections, loss of skin sensation, excessive bleeding to loss of function of the penis. There is no independent study monitored the objective of safety or success of these methods, so the mentioned operation is nothing more than an experimental surgery (trial operation) alone and most patients who undergo this operation are not satisfied with the results. THE POTENCY OF L-AMINO ACIDS AND DIPEPTIDES AS POTENTIATOR OF
GABAB RECEPTORS IN RAT NEOCORTICAL SLICES
Ni Made Puspawatia, Rolf H Pragerb, David I.B.Kerrc, and Jenny Ongc
a Department of Chemistry, Udayana University-Bali, bSchool of Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA,cDepartment of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The University of The activity of six L-amino acids and two dipeptides as potentiator of GABAB receptors have been evaluated, using grease-trap recording of baclofen modulation in rat neocortical slices. These selected L-amino acids and dipeptides were reversible, stereospecific, potentiator of GABAB receptors mediated hyperpolarizing to baclofen (3-100 µM), and these responses were reduced by (+)-(s)-5,5-dimethylmorpholinyl-2-acetic-acid (Sch 50911) (30µM ). The most potent were acidic amino acid L-glutamine (EC50 0.2 µM) and L-asparagine ((EC50 1.0 µM), followed by basic amino acid L-ornithine (EC50 10.0 µM) while the neutral-Lamino acids with branch or aromatic side chain such as L-phenylalanine, L-leucine, and L-isoleucine were less potent which all had EC50 50.0 µM. The dipeptides L-phenylalanine-phenylalanine (EC50 10.0 µM), and L-phenylalanine-leucine (EC50 10.0 µM) were more potent than their parent compounds. These potentiators gave leftward shifts of the baclofen concentration-response curve, with a marked increase in the maximal hyperpolarization responses. Keywords: L-amino acids, dipeptides, GABAB receptor potentiator 47 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 RESISTANCE OF Escherichia coli AND Klebsiella pneumonia PRODUCING
EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASE (ESBL) OF THE THIRD
GENERATION CEPHALOSPORIN IN CLINICAL LABORATORY DEPARTMENT
SANGLAH HOSPITAL DENPASAR
DAP. Rasmika Dewi
Clinical Pathology Departement, School Medicine, Udayana University Strains of E. coli that produce ESBL enzymes, including resistant strains to multiple antibiotics, including Cephalosporin. Because of this ESBL enzyme mediated plasmid, the gene that encodes this enzyme easily transferred between different bacteria. This resistance mechanism is also much going on K. pneumonia. In several studies have reported that ESBL enzyme-producing bacteria, has been resistant to third generation Cephalosporin. To find a picture of ESBL-producing bacterial resistance to antibiotics in the third generation Cephalosporin in Sanglah Hospital, performed the data collection and analysis of antibiotic resistance in the Clinical Laboratory Department Sanglah Hospital during one year (January-December 2007). The number of isolates of E. coli from different isolates and specimens was 573 K. Pneumonia was the 103 isolates. E. coli isolates that were resistant to Ceftazidime was 30.16%, Cefotaxim was 36.35%, and both were 24.54%. K. pneumonia isolates that were resistant to Ceftazidime was 48.96%, Cefotaxim was 39.58% and 39.58% against both. Keywords : ESBL, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Ceftazidime, Cefotaxim FORMULATION BURN INJURY GEL AMBON BANANA'S STEM
FRACTION AND ALOE VERA EXTRACT
Sriwidodo
Faculty of Pharmacy Padjadjaran University Burn injury is a trauma caused by heat, electric current, chemical substances that come into contact with skin, mucosa and inner tissue. Treatment burn injury can be used sintetic substance and natural substance. Plants used traditionally in a treatment burn injury are Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Mill) and stem Ambon banana's (Musa x paradisiaca Linn). This research aimed to made a formulation for burn injury dosage from Aloe vera extract and Ambon banana's stem fraction. The experimental method of this research has a following steps extraction and fractionation Ambon banana's stem extract, effectiveness test of fraction group, formulation of burn injury gel, effectiveness test of gel contained the combination of Ambon banana's stem fraction and Aloe vera extract, gel evaluation and safety test. The research showed quality of gel is meet a standard, effectiveness of dosage which contain 0.5% Ambon banana's stem fraction and 4% Aloe vera extract is 64.6% different from negative control which have percentage 44.28% and dosage can be used safely. Keyword : Aloe vera , Ambon banana's stem, Burn injury, Gel 48 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 CHROMOGENIC METHOD IN ENDOTOXIN TESTING FOR INTRAVENA
INJECTION PREPARATION
Sohadi Warya
Faculty of Pharmacy Padjadjaran University
A chromogenic endotoxin test using Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate has been done. The
objective was study the application of the chromogenic method of endotoxin determination of
ascorbic acid injection dosage form. In the chromogenic method the colour was formed as a
result as the reaction between endotoxin and LAL reagent; the colour intensity and the speed
of colour formation rate is proportional to the concentration of endotoxin. In this test,
Escherichia coli endotoxin standard with concentration of 50, 5, 0.5, 0.05, and 0.005 EU/mL
were applied. From the test, it was found that endotoxin content 1.686 and 0.324 EU/mL for
Product A and Product B respectively.
Key words : Chromogenic, Endotoxin, Ascorbic Acid injection, Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY of MOTHER STARTER KEFIR TOWARDS
SALMONELLA and STAPHYLOCOCCUS IN VITRO
Lindawati,S.A., A.A.S.Kartini., H.Martini., I.N.S.Miwada., N.W. T, Inggriati., Nuraini.,
I.N.T.Ariana., A.T.Umiarti
Faculty of Animal Husbandry Udayana University Antimicrobial activity of mother starter kefir towards Salmonella and Staphylococcus ATCC 6538 P in vitro was carried out. The study was designed by using a Completed Randomized Design with five treatmens (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days) and five replications. At all treatments (0-12 days fermented) of mother starter kefir affectively inhibited the growth of tested as shown by the clear zone from 1.00-1.46 cm for Salmonella and 1.08-1.12 cm for Staphylococcus and activity of antimicrobial mother starter kefir highly at 9 days fermented for its bacteria. Keywords: mother starter kefir, activity antimicrobial kefir
ETHANOL LEVEL IN BLOOD OF WISTAR RATS AFTER ACUTELY PERORAL
ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION
Ni Made Suaniti
Udayana University Alcohol in beverage consumption was increasing in Indonesia. Drinking of alcohol is constanly can be caused health disolders such as liver diseases. Recently, a lot of people in Bali was death after drinking alcohol because the contents of beverage were ethanol and 49 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 methanol. The Governor of Bali reported cases as unusual to the Central Government because the promise of alcohol beverage just ethanol content. The experimental study to find ethanol level in blood of Wistar rats after peroral alcohol consumption. Rats randomly distributed according to experimental design were treated daily for a week (acute) with 5% alcohol by gas chromatography has been conducted. Gas chromatography used in the research was GC-agilent Technologies 6890-N, carrier gas helium. DB-Wax capillary column (30m x 0.25 µm x 250 µm) with polyethylene glycol stationary phase, and flame ionization detector (FID). As standard compound was ethanol and internal standard was isopropanol with the retention time were 3.532 minutes and 3.450 minutes minutes respectively. Resolution between isopropanol with ethanol is 1. The injection alcohol solution is only 1 µL into gas chromatography. After repeated acute alcohol treatment, the average of ethanol levels analysed by GC-FID in blood collected at 6 hours were 0.0000 ppm in control rat, 3.2636 ppm in rat with alcohol 5% and at 24 hours, the etanol level 0.0000 ppm in control rat is 0.0081 ppm in rat with, alcohol 5%. alcohol treament. Keywords: ethanol, isopropanol, Wistar rats, and gas chromatography COLONIZATION OF LACTOBACILLUS SP. F2 IN THE INTESTINAL TRACT AND
ITS FUNCTIONAL EFFECT TO REDUCE BLOOD CHOLESTEROL CONTENT OF
RATS (Rattus norvegicus)
W. Nursini1, NP. Desy Aryantini1, K.A. Nocianitri2, Y. Ramona1,3, W. Redi Aryanta4
and I N Sujaya1,5 *)
1Integrated Lab. Biosci. Biotechnol.; 2Depart. Food Sci. Tecnol., Fact of Agricultural Technol.; 3Depart. Biology, Fact. of Sci., 4Depart. Industrial Technol., Fact of Agricultural Technol., 5Sch. of Public Health, Fact. Med., Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia Lactobacillus sp F is an endogenous strain of Indonesia that have been tested for its survival under intestinal tract condition (in vitro) and its ability to hydrolyze bile salt and this strain is potential to reduce blood cholesterol content. For the development of this strain as a potential probiotic its ability to colonize intestinal tract and to r educe blood cholesterol content in vivo needs to be investigated. Rats were administrated with 108 cells/day of Lactobacillus sp. F2 for 3 week by oral gavage. Following this, the total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) population, anaerobic bacteria in the ceccal content and blood cholesterol content were analysed. Using MRS Agar, anaerobic agar and cholesterol kit, respectively. For the confirmation of the colonization of Lactobacillus sp. F2, RAPD method with specific primer (M13R) was applied. The results showed that the total LAB in the intestine of rats administrated with Lactobacillus sp.F2 was about 1.99x109 CFU/g while is the ceccal rat found 9.36x107CFU/g . About 48.99% of the total LAB consisted of Lactobacillus sp. F2, indicating that Lactobacillus sp. F2 had the ability to colonize the rats intestinal tract. High total number of LAB resulted in lower pH in the intestinal tract of rats treated with Lactobacillus sp. F2 when compare to the control (5.68 in the treated rats and 6.02 in the control). A decrease in blood cholesterol content by 33% in the treated rats was also observed in this experiment when compare to the control. The latest tendency was suspected to be due to fermentation process and hydrolysis of bile salts by Lactobacillus sp.F2. The above results showed that Lactobacillus sp. F2 is potential to be developed as an endogenous probiotic, although some intensive research, especially on the development of delivery methods of this probiotic candidate along intestinal tract need to be conducted in the future. 50 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Key words : Lactobacillus sp. F2, Colonization, Cholesterol, RAPD, Probiotic THE CORRELATION OF WORK STRESS, NUTRITIONAL STATUS,
AND METABOLIC SYNDROME IN ADULT MALE WORKERS
Sutadarma IWG
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University
Objective. To investigate the correlation of work stress index, nutritional status, and
metabolic syndrome in adult male workers.
Methods. The study was a cross sectional. Thirty two subjects joined from thirty five subjects
which were selected using certain criteria. Data collection covered age, physical activity,
smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, mid upper arm circumstance, abdomen
circumstance, tricep skinfold, suprailiaca skinfold, glucosa, high dense lipoportein (HDL),
and trigliseride levels. Statistical analysis used correlation test and the level of significance
was 5%.
Results. Median of age was 42 (25-46) years old, and average of BMI was obese I (27,49
kg/m2). Median of stress index was low (score 62,5), and physical activity index was
moderate. There was not significantly correlation between stress index and metabolic
syndrome. The correlation were significantly negative between weight (p=0,025), height
(p=0,003), suprailiaca skinfold (p=0,014), and HDL levels. Abdomen circumstance was
significantly correlated with trigliseride levels (p=0,035). There were significantly correlation
between weight (p=0,024), body mass index (p=0,018), abdomen circumstance (p=0,009),
and trigliseride HDL ratio which is ratio as plaque atherosclerosis indicators.
Conclusions. The correlation between nutritional status and metabolic syndrome were
statistical significant but there were not clinical implication because there should be three
minimal risk factor presents.

Keywords: adult male worker, stress index, nutritional status, metabolic syndrome
PROTEIN PROFILE OF Anopheles sundaicus SALIVARY GLAND AS POTENSIAL
TARGET FOR TRANSMISSION BLOCKING VACCINE (TBV) AGAINST MALARIA
Yunita Armiyanti * Pulong Wijan Pralampita** Riska Arifani**
Kartika Senjarini***
*Laboratorium Parasitologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jember ** Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jember *** Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Jember Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease of world-wide concern as well as in Indonesia causing 1.5 to 2.7 millian people dying each year. Many attempts to overcome this diasease have been conducted included with vaccine. The ideal malaria vaccine strategy should include several stage of parasit life cycles during infection i.e. pre-erithrocytic, erithrocytic and transmission. Recently, it has been showed that mosquitoes salivary contains components which are immunogenic, thus it would be very potential to serve as targets for the development of Transmission-Blocking Vaccine (TBV). The objective of this research was to characterize the protein profile of Anopheles sundaicus salivary gland and to collect mRNA as template for RT-PCR to construct cDNA library. 51 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Salivary gland (SG) of A. sundaicus has been isolated from the mosquitoes following landing collection. SDS-PAGE was conducted to elucidate crude protein profile of Salivary Gland Extract (SGE) for preliminary detection of the existing of immunomodulator proteins. Furthermore, SG was then extracted to collect mRNA as template for RT-PCR to construct cDNA library. Protein profile investigation showed that there were protein bands corresponding with the putative immunomodulatory proteins which are previousely published from Anopheles Salivary Glands.Using Micro-FastTrack mRNA isolation kit (Invitrogen, San Diego, CA, USA) showed negative result. This research is a preliminary research to moleculary and functionally characterize the salivary components from salivary gland of A. sundaicus which are responsible as a immunomodulatory factor as a potential target for the development of TBV.Therefore it was suggested to use another method instead of using mRNA kit for further isolation of RNA from A. sundaicus. Keywords : salivary gland, immunomodulator, TBV,malaria, Anopheles sundaicus THE COMPARISON EFFECT OF NATURAL HONEY AND SYRUP OF STORAGE
ROOT BALINESE SWEET PURPLE POTATOES (Ipomoea batatas L) LIPID
PROFILE OF THE BLOOD IN RATS WITH HYPER CHOLESTEROL DIET
dr. I Wayan Sumardika, M.Med. Ed, dr. I Made Jawi, M.Kes
dr. A Wiwiek Indrayani,M.Kes
Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University
High cholesterol diet in daily life can increase the total cholesterol of the blood and increase
the incident of cardiovascular diseases. Flavonoid from fruits and vegetables can prevent
those effects because of its antioxidant properties. The aims of this study are to examine
possible hypolipidemic effect syrup of storage root Balinese purple sweet potatoes, and
natural honey as a high flavonoid content of food stuff, in rats with hyper cholesterol diet.
Subject of this study were 24 female adult rats divided into 3 groups with randomized pretest
and post-test control group design. Before treatment blood sample were collected from retro
orbitalis sinus of all rats for examination of lipid profile as pretest data. After pre test the
group 1 of 8 rats given high cholesterol diet without syrup of Balinese sweet purple potato nor
natural honey. The group 2 of 8 rats given high cholesterol diet with syrup of Balinese sweet
purple potato. The group 3 of 8 rats given high cholesterol diet with natural honey. After one
week of treatment the blood were collected for post-test examination. The data analyzed by
one way ANOVAs and t-paired test and the result showed a significant increase of total
cholesterol of the blood in group 1 (p<0,05), significant decrease of HDL, in group 1
(p<0,05). In group 2 and group 3 all of that parameter after one week of treatment did not
differ with pretest (p>0,05) but differ with control group or group 1 (p<0,05). From this
finding it can be concluded that syrup of Balinese sweet purple potato and natural honey can
prevent the lipid profile in normal value, and decrease total cholesterol of the blood in high
cholesterol diet of rats.
Key Word: Balinese Sweet Purple Potato, Natural Honey, Lipid profile, Rat
52 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF FAMILY FUNCTION IN CHILDREN WITH
ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
I Gusti Ayu Endah Ardjana, SpKJ (K)
SMF Psychiatry FK-UNUD/RSUP Sanglah Denpasar BACKGROUND. Child behavior patterns are influenced by genetic factors, physical and environmental factors. Parents are the first social environment which is known by the child. If the child has ADHD, so the child can not be understood apart, separated from their parents, because children and their parents is a family. Child behavior patterns are determined by the structure, organization and patterns of transactions within the family. The presence ADHD function is said to be a sign of a disturbed family. OBJECTIVES To know this family function in families who have children with ADHD compared with families who have children without ADHD. I Hope this research can support the prevention and treatment of ADHD, especially in Family Therapy. METHODS. a. Family (father and mother) of children with ADHD a therapy according to DSM-IV of the period August 2008 - August 2010 in Poly psychiatry RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. b. Family (father and mother) who have children my age who have children with Keywords : ADHD , Family Assessment MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA
IN HASHIMOTO'S THYROIDITIS : A CASE REPORT
dr. I Gusti Ayu Sri Mahendra Dewi, SpPA
Anatomical Pathology Department of Medical Faculty Udayana University / Sanglah Hospital Denpasar Background :
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland with autoimmune
etiology. One of the complication is papillary thyroid carcinoma. Need carefulness in
microscopic examination of Hashimoto's thyroiditis cases to find the possibility of
preneoplastic lesion.
Aim and Objective :
To report one case coexistence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and papillary thyroid carcinoma
that suspected as malignant transformation of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Methods :
53 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 The specimen were thyroid gland from total thyroidectomy and neck lymph node from a
patient who diagnosed as papillary carcinoma. The macroscopic examination and microscopic
slides were done and stained by hematoxyllin and eosin. The diagnosis was done according to
microscopic examination, supported by clinical and macroscopic examination.
Result and Discussion :
Patient was male, 13 years old, with enlargement of thyroid gland. Macroscopic examination
showed one lymph node 1.5 x 1 x 0.5 cm and thyroid gland 10.5 x 5.5 x 4.5 cm in total
measurement, reddish in cut section. There is one nodule, 0.5 cm in diameter, grey white, in
each lobe dextra and sinistra. Microscopic examination showed small thyroid follicles, lined
by epithelial with oxyphilic change. The lymph follicles were distributed within and around
the lobules, apart with prominent germinal centre. Some foci showed follicles lined by
epithelial with ground glass and groove appearance nuclei. The lymph node contain
metastatic cells. Hashimoto's thyroiditis predominantly occur in adult woman, rare occur in
children. The coexistence of papillary carcinoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis support the
malignant transformation theory of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Key words : Hashimoto's thyroiditis, papillary carcinoma, malignant transformation
AWAKE CRANIOTOMY FOR ELOQUENT AREA TUMORS
IN SANGLAH HOSPITAL-BALI
A CASE REPORT
Niryana Wayan, Mahadewa Tjokorda, Golden Nyoman, Maliawan Sri
Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Bali.
Awake craniotomy was performed as standard surgical approach for supratentorial intraaxial
tumors, regardless of the involvement of eloquent cortex. It allows for intraoperative brain
mapping that helps identify and protect functional cortex. It also avoids the complications
inherent in the induction of general anesthesia.
We reported a case, male 60 y.o with brain tumor in right motor area, based on head CT scan
and MRI was suspected of high grade glioma. Patient came with headache and slight left
hemiparesis. Informed concern and integrated management with anesthesia department was
performed. Awake craniotomy and brain mapping were done, and near total tumor removal
was done without complication. Histological patology result was Glioblastoma multiforme
(GBM).
Conclusion
Awake craniotomy is a practical and effective standard surgical approach for supratentorial
tumors with a low complication rate, and provides an excellent alternative to craniotomy
performed with the patient in the state of general anesthesia because it allows the opportunity
for brain mapping and avoids general anesthesia.
Keywords: awake craniotomy, eloquent area, anesthesia
54 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 TRITERPENOID SAPONIN ANTITUMOR COMPOUND OF SAMBUNG
NYAWA (Gynura procumbens [Lour.] Merr) LEAVES
Sri Rahayu Santi, N.W Bogoriani, IM. Sukadana
Chemistry Department Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences Udayana University
This paper describes the isolation and identification of saponin compounds from sambung
nyawa leaves (Gynura procumbens [Lour.] Merr). An amount of 41.64 g of concentrate
methanol extract was resulted from 1000 g dry powder of sambung nyawa leaves macerated
using methanol solvent. This extract was dissolved with the mixture of methanol-water (7:3)
and then was partitioned with n-hexane and n-buthanol respectively. It was evident that only
extract n-buthanol positively contained saponin. The addition of ether to the concentrate n-
buthanol extract resulted in a crude saponin precipitate. Separation of crude saponin with the
use of coloumn chromatography resulted in six fractions (FA – FF) and the fraction of FD was
observed to be positive for saponin content. This was established from the results of foam and blood haemolysis tests. Further purification of FD fraction using washing technique, in which ether solvent was applied, resulted in a relatively pure to TLC isolate. Infra red and UV-vis spectroscopy were employed in order to identify the FD fraction (isolate). The result of the identification showed that the isolate were of triterpenoid saponin compounds which were possible to have functional groups such as –OH (3435,8 cm-1), -CH aliphatic (2908,0cm-1), -C=C- conjugated with carbonyl (1636,3 cm-1), -CH3 bending (1384,4 cm-1), and -C-O alcohol (1074,4 cm-1), and these compounds absorbed at wave lengths λ(nm) (MeOH) of 278.2 and 324.5. The isolate was found to be toxic toward Artemia salina Leach with the LC50 = 239,88 ppm and was able to inhibit the growth of tumor on the plant test due to Agrobacterium tumefaciens A-208 up to the 11th days observation at only 10 ppm concentration. Keywords : Gynura procumbens [Lour.] Merr., isolation, identification, toxicity, antitumor

PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA: A CASE REPORT OF A RARE ADRENAL TUMOR
CAUSING HYPERTENSION
Ni Putu Sriwidyani, Herman Saputra
Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University Pheochromocytoma is a rare fungsional tumor, arising from the chromaffin cells of the sympathoadrenal system. The tumor gives specific symptoms such as hypertension and adrenal tumor. Catecholamine test can lead the diagnosis of this tumor and imaging study, CT scan or MRI, can confirm the anatomical location of the tumor. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry examination can confirm the diagnosis. Here we report a case of 39 year old man with abdominal tumor with hypertension and palpitation. CT scan revealed well-defined mass in medial liver. Pathology examination of 55 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 biopsy tissue was concluded as paraganglioma. According to durante operation findings and pathological examination, the tumor was diagnosed benign pheochromocytoma. There was no metastasis found on clinical and imaging examination. A young patient with an retroperitoneal mass and hypertension, should rise a suspicious of a functional pheochromocytoma. Laboratory test, imaging, and pathologic examination can established the diagnosis. Key words : pheochromocytoma, adrenal tumor, hypertension PHACOEMULSIFICATION FOR BETTER VISION
Nyoman Sunerti, Putu Yuliawati
Depth of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine Udayana University / Sanglah Hospital Cataract is prevalent throughout the world and Cataract surgery is a successful and increasingly frequently performed ophthalmic surgical procedure to reverse the visual and functional disability caused by cataract. Over the years, the surgical technique has evolved from intracapsular extraction to modern phacoemulsification. The advantages of phacoemulsification ranging from small incision and sutureless that could reduced the post operative astigmatism, closed anterior chamber to help the operator broken and removed the nucleus of the lens easily with ultrasound waves and better visual outcome than the other methods of cataract extraction. There are also choices of intraocular lens to be inserted to the patient according to the visual needs. Keywords: Cataract, Phacoemulsification, visual acuity, intraocular lens SMOKING HABIT AT SCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENT
TO SEE FROM LEVEL OF MILD/SEVERE AND MOTIVATION FOR STOPING
I Wayan Westa
Adiction Psychiatric Division, Departement Of Psychiatry Faculty Of Medicine Udayana University / Hospital Sanglah Denpasar – Bali
Background. According to research amount of schizophrenia at population estmeted 1%.
Indonesia with 238 million population there are 2,4 million people with diagnostic
shizophrenia and 75% of shizophrenia have smoking habit. Difficult to stoping. Nicotine at
tobacco cigarette increase metabolism anti psychotic in the liver. Anti psychotic can not block
dopamine in the brain. Cause anti psychotic drug in the brain become weak. That way
symptom action schizophrenia did not recovery. Beside that nicotine cause cardiovascular
desease, heart desease, stroke and Buerger's desease. Hazard of smoking there are much tar
can cause pulmonary obstructif desease and cancer. Schizophrenic patient and family have
high stress physically, mentaly and financial. That way smoking habit in schizophrenia
patient really must be stoping.
Aim. To know the level of nicotine dependence, mild/severe of smoking and motivation to
stoping from smoking.
Method. The research mike in the privat practice, sample all patient at diagnostic
schizophrenia. Time for research three monts. All patient interviewing by doctor. Diagnostic
56 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 made by PPDGIII, level devendence of nicotine to assess by Fagerstrom Test, motivation to
stop smoking assess by Prochasca Test.
Result. Amount of sample are 38 samples. 33 patients are male and 5 patients are female. Did
not smoking 8 patients, 3 male and 5 female.
Conclusion. From 38 patients, 30 patients (78,9%) was smoking

THE DUALLY DIAGNOSA PATIENT SCHIZOPHRENIA AND
SUBTANSTANCE USE DISORDERS AT PSYCHIATRIC DEPARTMENT
SANGLAH HOSPITAL DENPASAR – BALI
Nyoman Hanati
Adiction Psychiatric Division, Departement Of Psychiatry Faculty Of Medicine Udayana University / Hospital Sanglah Denpasar – Bali
Background. Approximately 1% of the population has schizophrenia. The ravages of the
disease are felt throughout the lifetime of the patient. Men, who are diagnosed with the
disorder significant thy more often than women, may have an onset of the disease at a
younger age. As with substance dependence, schizophrenia is a chronic, relapsing, and
progressive disease estimates are that from one quarter to as may of two thirds of individuals
with schizophrenia have a comorbid substance use disorder. The dually diagnosed tend to be
hospitalized more often as well. Interestingly, no clear evidence shows that the severity of
schizophrenia symptoms or long-term functioning is substantially worsend by the presence of
substance misuse, based on the above explaination, the author is interested in to learn. Based
on the above explaination the author is interest in to learn the picture schizophrenia and
substance inisuse at Psychiatric Department Sanglah Hospital Denpasar – Bali.
Goal. This study has a purpose how to approach the patient, how to really initiate, titrate,
stop, or combine medications.
Method. This study is retrospective quantitative descriptive study, since February 2003 to
February 2010.
Results. Number of subject study totaly 2500 participant. About 2000 participant (80%)
substance misuse nicotine 1000 participant (40%) misuse alcohol, schizophrenia and
marijuana (0,4%), misuse ecstasy 72 participant (2,4%) schizophrenia and opioids misuses in
this participant in common.
Conclusion. Detecting the presince of a substance use disorder in the face of schizophrenia
can be difficult. Instruments commonly used to make the diagnosis of substance abuse or
dependence.
ADHERENCE OF BIFIDOBACTERIUM ISOLATED FROM INFANT FECES
TOWARDS SALMONELLA TYPHI ON ENTEROCYTE BALB/c MICE*
Sukrama, I D. M.
Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University Diarrhea caused by S. typhi was initiated by adherence of the bacteria. This adhesion induces neutrophile transepithelial migration and villi entherocyte damage followed by membrane 57 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 destruction on the site of addhesion. This damaging membrane subsequentially followed by
endocytosis and internalization. The aim of this research is determining the adhesion ability
of this bifidobacterium towards S. typhi on enterocyte BALB/c mice in vitro.
Adherence of Bifidobacterium sp towards S. typhi was conducted following Nagayama (1995)
method. Bifidobacterium was suspended on PBS containing of 1 % BSA. A number of 100
µl of this suspension within 108 cell/ml was mixed with suspended of 100 µl enterocyte and
also 100 l S. typhi. The mixture was incubated and staining for obtaining adhesion indices.
In this experiment, it was obtained that adhesion indices of Bifidobacterium sp on enterocyte
is 1950. This means that 19.5 bacteria were adhered on 1 enterocyte-cell BALB/c mice,
compared to the only of 15.04 of S. typhi adhered on 1 enterocyte-cell BALB/c mice.
Conclusions that can be drawn from this research are the finding of adherence ability
Bifidobacterium sp isolated from infant feces towards adhesion of S. typhi on BALB/c mice
enterocyte-cell. Future work that can be carried out are further researches concerning of the
use of this bacteria as an anti adhesion towards many pathogen bacteria. In addition, further
study should be carried out in order to obtain whether adhesin protein can be extracted from
these bacteria.
Keywords: diarrhea, Bifidobacterium, enterocyte, and adhere.

APOPTOSIS STUDY OF RED FRUIT OIL ETHANOL EXTRACTS (Pandanus
conoideus Lam) ON CERVIX CANCER CELL LINE SiHa
1Ida Ayu Ika Wahyuniari, 2Agung Wiwiek Indrayani, 1IGN Sri Wiryawan
1Ni Made Linawati, 1IGA Dewi Ratnayanti
1 Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University 2Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University Background : Antioxidant has been shown to prevent cancer and can serve as an adjuvant
therapy for cancer. Red fruit oil (Pandanus conoideus Lam) contains antioxidant carotenoid
and tocoferol, therefore may potentially be used in cancer prevention and treatment.
Objective : This study was aimed to investigate the effect of P. conoideus Lam on apoptosis
of cervix cancer cell line SiHa.
Method: This experimental study was done by in vitro culture of cervic cancer cell line
SiHa. In this study, the red fruit oil ethanol extract was divided into four different doses,
0.0156, 0.0078, 0.0039, and 0.0019 µL/mL, respectively and replicated three times for each
dose. Doxorubicin was used as control positive. The examination of apoptosis effect was
evaluated by direct counting after staining with TUNEL method.
Results: The apoptosis of cervix cancer cell line SiHa were increased by 69.33±2.08 %,
53.33±3.06 %, 41.33±1.53 %, 33.00±2.65 % following induction of 0.0156, 0.0078, 0.0039,
and 0.0019 µL/mL red fruit oil, respectively. The control positive (doxorubicin) increased
apoptosis by 77.67±3.05%, 70.00±3.00%, 60.67±2.52%, 49.33±2.52% with dose 3.75, 1.875,
0.9375, 0.4688 µL/mL, respectively.
Conclusion : In conclusion, red fruit oil ethanol extract could increase apoptosis of cervix
cancer cell line SiHa.

Keywords : Red fruit oil ethanol extract - Apoptosis - Cell culture - Cervix cancer cell line
58 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 NUTRITION IN PREGNANCY
Related Ferro Defisiency Anemia
Dewi Wiryanthini IA
Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Udayana University Physiologic changes will seen in pregnancy to sustain fetal growth and development. Nutritional status before pregnancy is a key factor that influence maternal health. Normal
fetal birth weight is influenced by increase of maternal body weight during pregnancy. To
keep maternal health and fetal growth stable, there are requared adequate macronutrient and
micronutrient during pregnancy. Supplementation of vitmin and mineral are given in
deficiency state, but until now supplementation are still given for adequate micronutrient
requariment such as ferro. Ferro are needed to perform ferro-sulfida complex and heme. Ferro
from food staff are consist of heme and non heme ferro. Ferro intake from food are 10-15 mg,
but there are only 1-2 mg will be absorped. Absorption of ferro take place in duodenum and
jejenum proximal. The absorption will influenced by gastrointestinal tract condition and
content of subtance in food. Based on Indonesian recommended daily allowence 2004, ferro
dietary in female dependent of age and physiologic condition such as pregnancy. In 13-49
years old female, ferro dietary are recommended 26 mg daily. In pregnancy, there is added
ferro dietary 9 mg daily on second semester and 13 mg daily on third semester. Dietary ferro
heme are needed in ferro deficiency and intake of vitamin C as ferro absorption activator.
Ferro supplementation in pregnancy is done during first semester, but supplementation before
pregnancy has positif effect to decrease ferro deficiency anemia.
Keywords : nutrition, pregnancy, anemia, ferro
FUNCTION OF T-CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY DURING
TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTION
Surudarma I W
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University One of the most distinctive immunologic features of Toxoplasma gondii infection is strong and persistent Cell Mediated Immunity (CMI) elicited by parasite, resulting in host protection against rapid tachyzoite growth and consequent pathologic changes. Studies of the importance of T cells in resistance against T. gondii are nonequivocal. Athymic nude mice, which lack functional T cells, are extremely susceptible to both virulent and avirulent parasite strains. Adoptive transfer of immune T cells to naive mice protect animals against challenge with virulent T. gondii strains. Immunogenetic studies also point to a major influence of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II on resistance and susceptibility to the parasite, consistent with the idea that T lymphocytes are crucial in determining the outcome of infection. Virtually, all mouse strains that develop a strong Th1 immune response to T. gondii has possess resistant. Cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α, which activate macrophage functions are important for controlling tachyzoite replication during both acute and chronic phases of infection. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12 appear to be crucial at the initial phase of infection and less important during chronic toxoplasmosis. While IL-12 is clearly important in initiating a 59 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 strong and effective CMI against T. gondii tachyzoites, IL-10 appears to modulate both IL-12 and IFN-γ synthesis, avoiding an excessive immune response that could cause extensive inflammation and host tissue damage. Thus, IL-10 and IL-12 are two major antagonists involved in regulating IFN-γ synthesis during the initial phase of infection. Whereas NK cells, CD41 and CD81 T lymphocytes appear to be major sources of IFN-γ at the early stages of infection. αβ T lymphocytes are the dominant source of this cytokine during the chronic phase. Key word : Toxoplasma gondii, T cells, Cytokine NUTRITION IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Related Homocysteine and Vitamin B6 Cystathionine Beta Synthase Gene
Ni Wayan Tianing
Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Udayana University Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality in Indonesia. Homocysteine is a compound produced by methionine metabolism. Methyonine is a sulfure essensial amino acid and it will degraded to S-Adenosile-Metionine (SAM) and S-Adenosine-Homocysteine (SAH). High methyonine intake in long period increase plasma homocysteine level. Plasma hyperhomocysteine can remetabolic to form methyonine trought remethylation and to form cystationine trought transulfuration. This metabolism is importance because homocysteine is very reactive and has high risk on vascular. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a vascular risk factor which is not influenced by other major risk factor and its autosomal recesive disorders. Its couse by Cystathionine Beta Synthase (CBS) gene deficiency/mutation/polymorphism which function transform homosysteine to cystathionine (transulfuration). Vitamin B6 is needed to activate CBS enzyme in homocysteine metabolism. Several studies found that CBS gene mutation/polymorphism in Italian is G374A which cause changes arginine amino acid to glutamate, C770T cause changes threonine amino acid to methionine, and T833T cause changes isoleusine amino acid to threonine. Today, there are 17 location of mutation have found in CBS gene. Increase of vitamin B6 intake is importance to sustain the expression of Ce BS gene and expected decrease of cardiovascular disease risk factor. Keyword: CBS gene, Polymorphism, Homocysteinemia, Cardiovascular disease CYTOTOXICITY AND ANTIPROLIFERATIF EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT
PURPLE SWEET POTATOES (Ipomoea batatas L) ON CELL LINE CERVIC
CANCER SiHa
dr. Agung Wiwiek Indrayani, M.Kes 1, dr. I Made Jawi, M.Kes1,
dr. Wayan Sumardika, M.Med. Ed1, dr. Ida Ayu Ika Wahyuniari1
Prof Dr. Ir. Dewa Ngurah Suprapta, M.Sc2
Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University1 Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University2 60 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Antioxidants is a reducing agent chemical that reduces the rate of particular oxidation reactions or by breaking the oxidative chain reactions. Antioxidants usually scavenged reactive oxygen species in the body before they can cause damages to the cells. Antioxidant react by releasing their electron to the free radicals in order to stabilize them and hence, preventing cell damages in the body. Cancer is still one of the leading death causes. By consuming antioxidants can reduce the cancer incident. In order to prove the activity of purple sweet potatoes on cancer cell, it is necessary to have some direct research on cancer cell line. This study will be using a simple experimental research method. The activities of the anticancer will be evaluated from cytotoxic and antiproliferatif effects on cell line cervic cancer SiHa. Cytotoxic effects will be examined with cultured cell stained with tryphan blue exlusion. Each well will be containing 36.000 cells, which is given ethanol extract purple sweet potatoes with 10 dose variation starting from 500 µg/mL up to 10.000 µg/mL replicated three times, then the inhibitory percentage is calculated. Antiproliferatif activity will be evaluated by incubating cancer cells that have been given ethanol extract purple sweet potatoes in 3 dose variation; 4,000, 5,000 and 6,000 µg/ml in 24, 48 and 72 hours. Result of this study showed that ethanol extract purple sweet potatoes had cytotoxic activities on SiHa cervic cancer cell line in these dose variations, 500; 1,000; 2,000; 3,000; 4,000; 5,000; 6,000; 7,000; 8,000; 9,000 and 10,000 µg/ml. The cytotoxic activity on each of dose variations above were 31.19; 35.78 ; 42.20 ; 48.62 ; 51.38 ; 57.34 ; 64.22 ; 68.35 ; 73.39 ; 79.81 and 97.61%. Ethanol extract purple sweet potatoes showed antiproliferatif activities on SiHa cervic cancer cells in 24, 48, 72 hours incubation in concentrations 4,000; 5,000; and 6,000 µg/ml; those were 31,500; 27,333; 23,833 cells (24 hours) ; 64,600 ; 55,500; 48,800 cells (48 hours) ; 139,600; 112,300 ; 100,000 cells (72 hours). In conclusion, ethanol extract purple sweet potatoes have cytotoxic and antiproliferatif activities on cell line cervic cancer SiHa. Keywords : ethanol extract purple sweet potatoes – cell line cervic cancer SiHa -cytotoxicity and antiproliferatif activities - in vitro EFFECT OF CENTELLA ASIATICA EXTRACT ON THE LEVEL OF
INTERLEUKIN 6 (IL-6) IN MICE
I Nengah Kerta Besung and I N Mantik Astawa
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University E-mail: [email protected] Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) contains triterphenoid saphonins as macrophage activity agent and increase the levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6). The combination of IL-6 and IL-2 stimulate B cells to produce immunoglobulin. The research was conducted to determine the effect of C. asiatica on the level of IL-6 in mice following the challenge with Salmonella typhi (S. typhi). Mice were devided into four groups, each of which consisted of four mice. The first groups were used as negative control and treated only with distilled water. The second, third, and fourth group were treated with C. asiatica with different doses, ie. 125, 250, and 500 mg / kg bw. Effect of C. asiatica on the level of IL-6 were observed at one day, two weeks and four weeks following infection with S. typhi infection. IL-6 level were examed by using capture ELISA. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results of this study showed that the levels of IL-6 in groups I, II, II, and IV were 125.68 ± 59.49 µl, 175.92 µl ± 117.91, 437.98 ± 671.01 µl and 336.17 ± 635.89 µl. In conclusion, C. asiatica increases the levels of IL-6 in mice infection with S. typhi and the highest was found in dosage 500 mg / kg bw. IL-6 levels were observed at the two week were significantly higher than that observed on the first day or four week. 61 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Keywords: Centella asiatica, IL-6, antibody titer, S. typhi MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS IN KEDUNG PANE
PRISON SEMARANG, INDONESIA
Afiono Agung Prasetyoa, b, Paramasari Dirgahayub, c, Hudiyonoa, Seiji Kageyamad
aDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. bBiomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. cDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. dDivision of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi, Yonago 683-8503,
Introduction: Prisoners are being associated with high risk of human blood borne virus
infection, including that of Hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, at present there is no
molecular epidemiological data about HCV in prisoners in Indonesia especially that of
imprisoned in Kedung Pane Prison Semarang, Indonesia.
Material and methods: All prisoners willing to sign the informed consent in Kedung Pane
Prison (110 persons) were enrolled in this study. Plasma were collected and addressed for
serological assay. The nucleic acid was extracted from the anti-HCV positive samples. The
RT-PCR nested was performed to detect part of NS5B region of the HCV genome. The
positive PCR products were directly sequenced and phylogenetic analysed.
Results: The data presents preliminary data results from on going molecular epidemiology
study of human blood borne viruses in Central of Java. Anti-HCV positive was found in 32.7
% (36/110) of total samples. The HCV RNA was detected in 12 out of 36 anti-HCV positive
samples. Based on 366 bases of the NS5B sequences, the HCV strains were classified into
genotypes 1 and 3. The HCV 1a (50 %) was the most prevalent, followed by subtypes 3a
(16.7 %), 3k (16.7 %), and 1c (8.3 %), respectively. These results were quite different to all
previous reports about HCV molecular epidemiology data in hepatitis patients in Indonesia.
Conclusions: Results indicate the discrepancy molecular epidemiology data of HCV found in
hepatitis comparing to that of the non hepatitis patients community.

Keywords: HCV, Prison, Prisoner, Indonesia


HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF VITAMIN C AND VITAMIN E ON THE
SWISS-WEBSTER MICE (MUS MUSCULLUS) THAT EXPOSED BY AFLATOXIN
Ratu Safitri
Department of Biology, Padjadjaran University The research was carried out to know the ability of vitamin C and vitamin E to reduce toxic effect of aflatoxin in Swiss-Webster mice. Mice were treated with of 375 µg/kg body weight and 750 µg/kg body weight as a liver destruction inducer then vitamin C and vitamin E at 2 mg/kg body weight were given every day for 15 days. Liver was isolated and fixated in Bouin solution and made histologis preparate by paraffin method and Haematoxylin-Eosin staining. From the preparate was observed the liver tissues and cells destruction of the liver were analysed by analysis of variance (Anova) and continued by Duncan Multiple Range Test 62 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 if obviously different. The result showed that liver relative weight were not different compare to negative control. Vitamin C and vitamin E at doses 2 mg/body weight effective to decrease the liver tissues and cells destruction such as necrosis, apoptosis, steatosis, steatosis + necrosis. Vitamin E have hepatoprotective potency better than vitamin C to reduce aflatoxin toxic effect liver tissues and cells destruction Swiss-Webster mice. Keyword : Vitamin C, vitamin E, aflatoxin, liver tissues destruction, liver cell destruction, Swiss-Webster mice. SCREENING OF PENICILLIN G ACYLASE PRODUCING BACILLUS STRAINS
AND CLONING OF THE PAC GENE
Niknik Nurhayati
Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi Penicillin G Acylase (PAC) is the key enzyme used in the industrial production of betha lactam antibiotics. It hydrolyses the side chain of Penicillin G releasing 6 Amino Penicillanic Acid (6 – APA) and Phenyl Acetic Acid (PAA). 6-APA is the betha lactam nucleus and is the key intermediate in the synthesis of semi-synthetic penicillins such as ampicillin and amoxicillin. PAC activity is present in various organisms including gram positive and negative bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeast. This poster presents screening of the pac gene by using PCR as well as microbiological approach. There were no positive signals revealed by PCR screening using gene specific primer of B. megaterium ATCC 14945 pac gene on genomic DNA of some strains of Bacillus megaterium. PCR screening by using gene specific primer of B. thuringiensis resulted in positives signals on all the tested genomic DNA of B. thuringiensis strains. However further analysis by using microbiological method showed that positive signal was only produced by two of the four positive screened B. thuringiensis. The gene was cloned from the strain giving positive signals in PCR as well as microbiological screening. CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF Bacillus subtilis AQ1 ENDOXYLANASE GENES
IN Bacillus megaterium USING CONJUGATIONAL TRANSFORMATION METHOD
Is Helianti
Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi Endoxylanase is an important enzyme in many industrial applications. We have isolated several potential xylanase-producing bacterial strains from local habitats. One of them was Bacillus subtilis AQ1. An endoxylanase gene from this strain was subcloned into conjugational shuttle plasmid vector pBBRE194 between Xho I and Kpn I site. The mutant endoxylanase gene which experienced silent mutation in the Catabolite Repression Element (CRE) region was also subcloned in the exactly similar method. The endoxylanase genes could be expressed well in E. coli. Using conjugation mechanism between E. coli and Bacillus, these two recombinant plasmids were transformed into Bacillus megaterium. The two kinds recombinant B. megaterium expressing endoxylanase and the mutated one were obtained. The comparison of these recombinant endoxylanase activity in LB, in LB-xylan medium, LB-glucose and LB-glucose-xylan medium were analyzed and compared. 63 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 CRI-DU-CHAT SYNDROME IN 1 YEAR AND 3 MONTHS OLD BALINESE GIRL
I Gusti Ayu Trisna Windiani
Pediatric Health Departement, Medical School, University of Udayana, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar A case has been reported in Denpasar; a 1 year and 3 months old girl diagnosed with cri-du-chat syndrome. Cri-du-chat syndrome is caused by haploinsufficiency of the genes on the distal part of the short arm of chromosome 5. Her chromosome study from peripheral blood showed a 46,XX,del (5) (p14p15) karyotype. She has high-pitched cat like cry as a hallmark along with specific clinical features. From physical examination, there is a microcephaly, distinc facial dysmorphism, round face, hypertelorism, down turned corners of the mouth, micrognathia, dental malocclusion, and single palmar crease. She has mild malnutrition and a delayed development e.g. a slow development of motor skills. During her neonatal period she experienced a cyanotic crise and failure to breastfed. She has been receiving physiotherapy for four months and her motoric development has been improved. CORRELATION BETWEEN THE DEGREE OF DIABETIC FOOT ULCER AND
THE PERCENTAGE OF CD4+ CARRYING MALONDIALDEHYDE
I W. P. Sutirta Yasa
Faculty of Medicine Udayana University High prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and hardly healing foot ulcer indicate an ongoing process of immun cells lysis. The molecular mechanisms of these two conditions are also not clearly understood. This study aims to determine a correlation between the degree of DFU and persentage of CD4+ cells bearing malondialdehyde (MDA). An observational study within cross sectional analytic study design was adopted in this study. Samples consisting of serum and tissues from diabetic were collected from patient admitted to Public and Private Hospitals in Denpasar, Badung, Tabanan and Gianyar Regencies. In this study, from 80 diabetic patients, it was observed that the average age of patients was (51.54 ± 6.51) years and HbA1C percentage was (9.59 ± 3.51) %. Percentages of CD4+ cells bearing MDA on the bases of DFU degree (2, 3, 4, and 5) obtained are 54.05, 77.16,
86.52 and 91.65 %, respectively. In this study, we obtained that there are strong positive
correlation between DFU degrees and percentages of CD4+ cells bearing MDA (r = 0.71, p<
0.05).
Conclusions that can be drawn from this research are the finding of strong positive correlation
between DFU degress and percentages of CD4+ cells bearing MDA. Future work that can be
carried out are further researches concerning of the cause and effect between DFU degrees
and CD4+ cells bearing MDA.

Keywords; diabetic foot ulcer, immun cell lysis, CD4+ cells bearing MDA

AGRICULTURAL ENGENEERING AND FOOD SCIENCE
64 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 MODIFICATION OF CASSAVA STARCH WITH OXIDATION TO
IMPROVE BAKING EXPANSION
Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani
Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Udayana University [email protected] To reduce imported products dependency, need to concern the substitution of wheat to alternative carbohydrates sources, in particular cassava starch is considerable. Cassava is abundant food stuff in Indonesia. Cassava starch as main stuff in bakery industry including bread that involve baking process have not been done commonly in Indonesia. It is due to single use of cassava starch is considered not giving perfect expansion as wheat. This research aimed to identify effect of chemical modification with oxidation on cassava starch to improve baking expansion so cassava starch usage as wheat substitute can be increased. This research began with optimization of baking expansion with chemical modification using oxidizer solutions: 0,08; 0,16; 0,24; 0,32 and 0,40 % KMnO4 for 15 minutes. The highest expansion of modified starch using oxidation, character comparison between modified starch and unmodified starch was done. Results indicated that modification affected significantly baking. The highest expansion value using 0,32 % KMnO4 was 11,91 ml/g, which was higher than unmodified starch 7,32 ml/g, with analysis results include: amylose content of 33,19 %, pH 2,67 and paste viscosity peak of 1312 cP. Observation of starch granule structure with Scanning Electron Microscopy indicated reduction of granule size compared with manufactured starch before modification, carbonyl group content of 0,126 %, carboxyl group content of 0,99 % and paste clarity of 91,57 %. Keywords: cassava starch, oxidized starch, KMnO4, baking expansion EFFECT OF SOYBEAN PROTEIN DIET ON MUSCLE PROTEIN DEGRADATION
IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
N.L.Ari Yusasrini1, Zuheid Noor2, Suparmo2
1 Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University 2 Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Gadjah Mada University of Yogyakarta [email protected] A research examining the effect of soybean protein diet on muscle protein degradation in alloxan – induced diabetic rats has been conducted. The research was intended to study the ability of soybean protein in inhibiting muscle protein degradation in alloxan – induced diabetic rats. Fifty four male Wistar rats, averaging body weight of 200 grams were divided into 2 groups. The first group was injected with alloxan (100 mg/kg body weight) to induce diabetic and the other group was used as control. Each group was divided into 3 sub groups of 9 rats and were given three different diets, i.e. standart, soybean and soybean protein concentrate diets. Blood sugar and urine sugar were measured periodically every 9 days 65 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 during research period, while ammonia content of inhaled air were measured before injection (day 0), 27 and 45 days after injection. At the end of experiment, femur muscle was removed to be used for determination of muscle protein content. Result indicated that soybean and soybean protein concentrates diet decreased blood sugar content of diabetic rats from 481 mg/dL to 166 mg/dL and from 366 mg/dL to 162 mg/dl, respectively. Urinary glucose level of diabetic rats fed with soybean decreased from 600 mg/dL to 166 mg/dL and so did group of diabetic rats fed with soybean protein concentrates. Ammonia was only detected in group of injected alloxan fed with standart by 18 ppb. Muscle protein content of diabetic rats fed with soybean protein concentrates was 91,73%, higher than group of diabetic rats fed with soybean and standart. This result indicated that soybean protein concentrates diet inhibited muscle protein degradation of diabetic rats beter than that of soybean and standart diets. Keywords : Diabetes mellitus, muscle protein, protein degradation, soybean The Use of Polarimetric Assay for Honey Quality Determination
in Corelation With Its Total Reduction Sugar Content
Ketut Ratnayani
Chemistry Department, FMIPA Udayana University Polarimetric assay which is simple, fast and accurate method have been developed to determine honey quality based on its optical activity properties. In this research, the value of optical rotation of refference honey have been measured which is -32.4o, and its total reduction sugar content was 62.46% (have met National Standard Industry). The addition of external component (such as water, liquid palm sugar, and liquid sugar cane) into the refference honey can significantly reduce the value of optical rotation of the honey. From this research, it is also found that there was a linier corelation between the optical rotation value and the total reduction sugar content of honey. The higher the value of the total reduction sugar content, the higher the optical rotation value. In conclusion, the value of optical rotation can be used as one criteria to determine the quality of honey. Key words : Honey Quality, Polarimetric Assay, Reduction Sugar. DETERMINATION OF THE TUBER TYPES AS A DIET FOOD OF DIABETES
MELLITUS PATIENT
Bambang Admadi H
Agriculture Technology, Udayana University The research was aimed to determine the types of tuber that suitable to be consumed diabetes mellitus patient (as the diet food), based on nutrition composition, resistant starch content, and increasing of blood glucose. The method of the research was based on the completed randomized design with six treatments to include of sweet potato, bentul, ube, taro, forest taro, and potato tubers. The treatments were repeated three times, in order to obtain 15 experimental units. Based on the research results, the tuber types effected very significant to moisture, ash, protein, fat, sugar total, reducing sugar, starch, resistant starch content and increasing of blood glucose. The best tuber to diet consumption was sweet potato with the characteristics : moisture content of 63.59%, ash content of 1.13%, protein content of 1.05%, 66 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 fat content of 1,13%, sugar total content of 3.93%, reducing sugar content of 2.82%, starch content of 20.57%, resistant starch content of 13.58% and cause increasing of blood glucose of 20.00 mg/dl Key word : types of tuber, nutrition content, resistant starch content, and increasing of THE EFFECT OF CHLORINE CONCENTRATION ON THE VACUUM PACKED
FRESH-CUT BAMBOO SHOOTS CHARACTERISTICS IN LOW TEMPERATURE
P.K. Diah Kencana1), S.B. Widjarnako2), B. Dwi Argo2), Yunianta3)
1) Dept. of Agric. Engineering. Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University 2) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University Malang Bamboo shoot as fresh vegetable is not much different from other vegetables. They are perishable. The damage is characterized by the brown color on the surface of cutting area, by the growth of fungi, by the mucus and the off flavor. The was applied Completely Randomized Design with factorial experiment pattern using chlorine concentration treatment as factor (1) consisting of 3 levels, i.e. 0, 100 and 200 ppm and storage duration as factor (2) consisting of 5 levels, each level was 0,1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. Observaton was done on the physical quality characteristics (the brightness, the texture), chemical quality characteristics (total reduction sugar, total soluble solid, pH, total acid, hard fibres) microbiological influence characteristics (total plate count /TPC ), smell extract with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry /GC-MS, hedonic test on brightness, hardness and smell. The chlorine concentration of 200 ppm was appropriate for the vacuumed fresh-cut bamboo shoots stored in a low temperature ,i.e. giving the highest value for the brightness of 62,04 (brightly white), the panelists value 6,80 for the brightness, 8,88 for the hardness, and 6,88 for the smell (the panelists really like it). The dominant compound found in the extract of vacuum packed fresh-cut bamboo shoot with chlorine concentration of 200 ppm stored in low temperature for 4 weeks is predicted to be acetic acid compound (the relative percentage is 32,87 %) and Ethyl linoleate compound 7,26 % Keywords: Chlorine, Vacuum packed, Fresh-cut, Bamboo shoot, Low temperature
UV-A OXIDATION FOR CASSAVA STARCH AND ACIDIFICATION TO
IMPROVE BAKING EXPANSION
Arifin Dwi Saputro, Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani
Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Gadjah Mada University: Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Udayana University Cassava starch has low expansion ability in baking process and produce rough texture at the end result. Regarding to these, it is considerable to modify cassava starch to raise its expansion ability for baking process. One of common way to modify cassava starch is by 67 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 using UV irradiation. Modification using UV were arranged in constant state along the irradiation. In this research we use UV-A. Submersion of the starch in 1% lactic acid for 30 minutes were conducted prior to the UV-A irradiation. The UV-A irradiation time varied in 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 hours. The water content variation used are 12,5%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 53%. The result shows that the best modification for cassava starch by using UV-A irradiation was reached after irradiation for 10 hours after the starch were submersed in 1% lactic acid for 30 minutes and the water content along the irradiation was 40%. The baking expansion ability value was 10,20 ml/g, with analysis results include: the force needed to crush the end product is 22.29 N, paste viscosity peak of 371 centipoise, from FTIR result shows that starch are having carbonil compound and carboxil compound in wave number 1651 cm-1, and observation of starch granular structure shows that starch were having size reduction prior to the UV modification if we compare it to manufactured starch. Keywords : cassava starch, oxydized starch, baking expansion, UV-A DELIGNIFICATION OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE WITH SODIUM HYDROXIDE
SOLUTION BEFORE SACCHARIFICATION ENZIMATICALLY USING CRUDE
CELLULASE FROM Aspergillus niger FNU 6018
Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam, Ni Made Wartini, A.A.M. Dewi Anggreni
and Pande Made Suparyana
Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali E-mail: [email protected] Cellulose, the most abundant renewable resource, has received much attention as potential energy and carbon source for the production of useful products. The possibility of converting cellulose in bagasse enzymatically into glucose, after being loosened its complex structure chemically into primary one by using sodium hydroxide was studied. Bagasse was soaked in 6% sodium hydroxide for 12 hours at room temperature. This treatment resulted in loosening some cellulose bundle structure shown by release of lignin and hemicelluloses up to 32.11 and 42.87 %, respectively and high water retention value of 15.90 (w/w). In this condition the delignified bagasse could be saccharified by crude cellulase enzym from Aspergillus niger. Saccharification enzimatically of 2 g delignified bagasse during 120 hours produced reducing sugar of 54.47mg/100 ml. Keywords: Bagasse, delignification, sodium hydroxide, crude cellulase enzym, Aspergillus niger, saccharification 68 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 EFFECT OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF JACKFRUIT WOOD (Artocarpus integra
Merr) ON THE GROWTH OF MICROBES DETERIORATING ARENGA PALM
SAP DURING STORAGE
I Nengah Kencana Putra
Udayana University Jackfruit wood is one of the plant materials which traditionally has been used as palm sap preservative by arenga palm sugar farmers. In the study of antimicrobial activity of jackfruit wood extract using disc diffusion test showed that methanol extract of jackfruit wood could inhibit the growth of main spoilage bacteria found in arenga palm sap, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Lactobacillus plantarum. This research was aimed to find out the capability of jackfruit wood extract to slow down the growth of microbes that deteriorate palm sap during storage by in-vivo. Result of the research showed, treatment of 500 ppm jackfruit wood extract could slow down the growth of lactic acid bacteria in arenga palm sap during storage, but could not inhibit the growth of yeast. The combination of jackfruit extract and lime could give hurdle effect on palm sap preservation. Key words: jackfruit, extract, methanol, palm sap ETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM ACID HIDROLYSATE CASSAVA FLOUR WITH
MIXED CULTURE Tricoderma viride AND Saccaromyces cerevisiae
I Wayan Arnata 1) Dwi Setyaningsih2), Nur Richana3)
1) Agroindustrial Technology, Udayana University 2) Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University 3) Research Institute for Food Crops Biotechnology, Indonesia The objective of this research was to produce ethanol from acid hidrolysate cassava flour with mix cultured Tricoderma viride and Saccaromyces cerevisiae. The hydrolysis of cassava flour to glucose was conducted by 0,4 M sulfuric acid using autoclave at 121 oC, pressure at 1 atm for 10 min. The fermentation were performed in batch system for 96 hours in 30 oC. Mixed culture of T. viride and S. cerevisiae in the fermentation process of acid hydrolisate carried out in two methode that is gradually and simultaneously. Observations during the fermentation process included changes in the total sugar concentration and pH substrate. Determination of ethanol concentration, yield and effisiensi fermentation conducted in final fermentation process. During fermentation process in simultaneosly addition of mixed cultured was accured decreasing total sugar concentration of substrate from 38,31 ± 3,70 % (w/v) to 27,79 ± 17,29 % (w/v) and pH from 5,01 ± 0,01 to 4,27 ± 0,02, while gradually adition of mixed cultured was accured decreasing total sugar concentration from 38,93 ± 3,70 % (w/v) to 16,42 ± 5,83 % (w/v) and pH from 5,01 to 4,17. The maximum glucose concentration 22,04 + 4,31 % (w/v) was obtained by the hydrolysis with 0.4 M sulfuric acid. The ethanol concentration 3,92 ± 0,31 % (w/v), yield 15,99 % (v/w) and fermentation effciency 49,98 % of the theoretical value was achieved using simultaneously addition of mixed culture, while gradually addition of mixed culture was produced ethanol concentration 5,35 ± 0,97 % (w/v), yield 21,82 % (v/w) and fermentation effciency 46,557 % of the theoretical value. 69 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Keywords: ethanol, cassava, mixed culture EVALUATION LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION
OF MILLET (PENNISETUM SP) ON SPRAGUE DAWLEY RAT
GA. Kadek Diah. Puspawati
Science and Food Technology, Agriculture Technology Faculty, Udayana University, Email: [email protected] Millet is cereal crop that would be useful for alternative sources in food diversification programme. It has protein content more than rice and has prospect to be developed in Indonesia. Recently demand of food industry is not only nutrition concern but also for health. The result of many prior research showed that millet had bioactive compounds that function useful for health, such as to decreased degenerative diseases risk. In vitro study of millet showed that this cereal could increase lymphocyte cell proliferation. The objective of this research was to study biological potency of millet on lymphocyte cell proliferation in vivo using rats. Three groups of rats included : control, rat fed 50% and 100% rat fed of millet, sources of carbohydrate. Results of this research showed that rat fed 50%, 100% of millet showed increase proliferation activity of lymphocyte cells by 53%, 57% respectively. The conclusion of this research that millet was good for health specially to increase immune system. Keyword : millet, proliferation lymphocyte, rats. OPTIMIZING THERMAL PROCESS IN PRODUCING SIRSAK JAM WITHOUT
ANY ADDITION OF PRESERVATIVES
Komang Ayu Nocianitri , Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi Pudja, Sumiyati
Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University Indonesia, a tropical country, has high potency in developing tropical fruit products. Several tropical fruit-products possibly to be developed such as jam. Through out correct and optimum processing techniques the color and aroma of fresh fruits can be retained in the jam products.The aimed of the research were to find out the effect of sterilization methods and time in producing good sirsak jam quality The research consist of two factors, the first factor is sterilization methods (boiling, steaming and pressure-steaming) and the second factor is long time sterilization (15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes). The results showed that the sterilizationg methods, time and their combination did not give significant differences on jam soluble solids, pH and total acidity. It was no E. coli detected before and after heating treatments. While, total microbial load, population of yeasts and filamentous fungi was found to be varies among treatmnents. However, it seemed to be their populations did not altered by the heating methods and time when jam was produced. Sensorial test on jam color performed by scoring test, preference test performed on the jam color, aroma, sweetness and sour taste showed that sterilization methods and time gave significant differences. Nevertheless their combination did not showed any significant differences. It was concluded that the appropriate sterilization methods in producing sirsak jam was either by using boiling water for 30 minutes or by steaming for 15 minutes. Key words: jam, sirsak, sterilization, thermal process. 70 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 THE INFLUENCE OF COMPARISON OF PURPLE SWEAT POTATOES FLOUR
AND WHEAT FLOUR TOWARDS THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PAN CAKE
Putu Timur Ina1, Ni Ketut Ayu Royani Dewi2
1Staf dosen Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Indonesia 2Alumni Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana,Indonesia e-mail : [email protected]
The aims of this research were to find out the influence of comparison purple sweat potatoes
flour and wheat flour toward the characteristics of pan cake and to know comparison purple
sweat potatoes flour and wheat flour produced the best characteristics of pan cake. This
research used randomized block design with treatment of comparison purple sweat potatoes
flour and wheat flour was consists of six treatments, namely 100 % : 90%; 10% : 80% : 20%;
70% : 30% ; 60% : 40% and 50% : 50 % and each treatment was repeated three times. The
results showed that comparison purple sweat potatoes flour and wheat flour influenced the
characteristics of pan cake. The comparison purple sweat potatoes flour and wheat flour 50 %
: 50% yielded the best pan cake with water content, ash content, starch content and
anthocyanin content 23.89 %, 1.07 %; 18.18% and 20.98%, respectively.
Keywords: wheat flour, purple sweat potatoes, pan cake DESTRUCTION MACHINE DESIGN OF MUNICIPAL SOLID ORGANIC WASTE
I Made Nada1, I Putu Suparthana2
1) Depatment of Technical Agriculture, 2) Department of Food Science and Technology, Udayana University. Machine for destruction organic municipal solid waste was designed by modified system input and system size reduction. By this process size and shape of organic municipal waste were homogen, so that the composting process was effective. Performance of the machine was test at 8 hours. Capacity of destruction and quality of destruction were observe. Before test of machine performance, the functional of every element were test. From functional test get modification large of electricity and the frame of machine. The machine capacity was 22 – 27 kg/hours, number of organic municipal waste through sieving 1.5 x 1.5 cm2 was 70 – 85 %, and bulk density was 240 – 270 kg/m3. EXAMINING THE RATIO OF WATER AND COW MANURE USING
BIOREACTOR UAS (UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE) TO PRODUCE BIOGAS
I A G Bintang Madrini*, I G N Apriadi Aviantara, Ni Luh Yulianti,
A A Istri Raka Pedrawati
Agriculture Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University 71 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 This study aimed to determine the right composition of the weight ratio between water and cow manure using a bioreactor UAS (Up flow Anaerobic Sludge) to produce biogas. Bioreactor equipped with a processes tank, a sedimentation tank, a series of gas distribution pipelines, a series of remaining process pipelines, inlet and outlet material. Temperature of biogas, pressure of biogas, volume calculation of biogas, and biogas production observed during 35 days. Two treatments were set for water and cow manure, each repeated twice. First treatment was 243.75 l of water plus 243.75 l of manure (1:1). Second treatment was 121, 87 l of water plus 365, 62 l of manure (1:3). The Data was collected and analyzed using t student test. The temperature reaching 36oC occurred on days 20 at first treatment. While the highest temperature reached 36oC on days 25 at second treatment. The pressures raised 1033.7 cmH2O occurred on days 4 and 1033.8 cmH2O also occurred on days 4 for first and second treatment respectively. Both temperature and pressure were observed non significant difference. The biogas volumes were observed significantly different (136, 44 dm3, 135, 12 dm3 for treatment I and II respectively). Keywords: bioreactor, biogas, cow manure, UAS. TECHNOLOGY PACKAGING FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF MANGOSTEEN
Niluh Yulianti1, Sutrisno2, Emmy Darmawati3 , I A Gde bintang Madrini 4
1. Lacture. Department of Agricultural Engineering. Faculty of Agricultural Technology , Udayana University; email: [email protected]
The research aimed to design a package made of corrugated board for mangosteen packaging
and to analyze the effect of packaging capacity and fruit packing pattern in the container on
some quality parameters after transport. This research was conducted in three stages:
measurement of physical and mechanical properties of mangosteen (stage I); planning and
designing packaging (stage II); testing packaging for transportation by using the simulator
(stage III). The packaging was designed with a capacity of 8 kg and 15 kg using two packing
pattern, namely the fcc and Jumble (bulky). According to the physical and mechanical
characteristics mentioned, results in the optimal stacking of the fruit in the 8 kg capacity
packaging was 8 for x direction, 4 for y direction, and 4 pieces of fruit for z direction, with
the density of 62%. Therefore, gave packaging dimension of 39.4 x 21 x 21 cm. For the 15 kg
container, the optimal packing pattern was 8, 6 and 5 pieces of fruit for the x, y, and z
direction, respectively, with the packing density of 65.6%. Thus, gave dimension of 39.4 x 30
x 25 cm. Type of damage on the fcc pattern was dented, and on jumble pattern was broken
petals of fruit. Although the physical damage of the mangosteen on FCC pattern was higher
than jumble pattern, but the damage was not on the skin tissue, which means that the damage
only on the surface of the fruit. This can be seen from the decreasing rate of respiration and
low weight decrease compared to the pattern of Jumble in 10 days after transportation.
Keywords; packaging design, fcc, jumble, transportation, mangosteen 72 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 SURVIVAL OF FREEZE-DRIED LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS R21 IN THE
PRESENCE SKIM MILK AS PROTECTANT DURING STORAGE
Ni Nyoman Puspawati
Faculty of Agrucultural Technology, Udayana University Lactic acid bacteria are the most important bacteria having potential as probiotic. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate influence of skim milk as protectant on survival of freeze-dried Lactobacillus rhamnosus R21 which is isolated from breast milk during storage and to calculate the shelf-life of freeze dried Lactobacillus culture. To predict the shelf life of freeze dried culture, further experiment was conducted by storage the freeze dried of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R21 at RH 75 and RH 90 and shelf life was predicted by sorption isotherm method. Evaluation was done on under act water content, viability, water activity, acidification activity. The result showed that water content and water activity increased during storage from 2.17% db - 21.59% db and 0.099 – 0.801 respectively. Viability and acidification activity of freeze-dried culture decreased from 11.49 log cfu/g – 0 cfu/g. The predicted shelf life of the freeze dried Lactobacillus rhamnosus R21 culture if initial water content is 2.17% db, packaged in aluminium foil laminated by PE (polyethylene) and temperature 30oC are 5.86 years at RH 75 and 5.10 years at RH 80. Keywords : Lactobacillus rhamnosus R21, breast milk, freeze drying, cryogenic, shelf life STUDY OF WHEY POTENCY AS AN ELECTRICITY POWER SOURCE IN MFC
(MICROBIAL FUEL CELL) SYSTEM USING LACTIC ACID BACTERIA
Chandra Kurniawan1, I Nyoman Pugeg Aryantha1,2, Shinta Asarina2
1School of Life Sciences and Technology – Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Tel. +62 - 22-2511575 Fax. +62 - 22-2534107 Email : [email protected] 2Centre for Life Sciences – Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Tel. & Fax. +62-22-2509165 Email : [email protected] Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a system that can convert organic material into electrical energy by using microorganisms as biocatalysts. Whey, as wastewater from cheese manufacture, contains of organic material for the microorganism's growth. The purpose of this study is to assess the potency of whey and lactic acid bacteria in a single culture to produce the highest electrical voltage in the MFC system and to optimize the additional carbon sources such as molasses (1%, 2%, 3% v/v) in a chosen whey, to increase the voltage electricity. We used the soy milk whey, UHT cow milk whey, and pasteurized cow's milk whey. The bacterial cultures that we used were Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophillus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus acidophillus. The MFC system is using PEM (Proton Exhange Membrane) with graphite as anode and cathode. Electrolyte solution at the cathode was using a Poly Aluminum Chloride 10% (w/v), whereas at the anode was using whey inoculated with lactic acid bacteria. The results showed that the highest electrical voltage provided by pasteurized cow's milk whey inoculated with Lactococcus lactis, i.e 608 mV (24 h.). Optimization of 73 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 whey and selected cultures with the addition of molasses 1% (v/v) produced the maximum electrical voltage i.e 666,7 mV (12 h.). This maximum electrical voltage was achieved when the number of bacterial cells reach 1,62 x 1014 cells; the enzyme activity of 0,43 µg/mL/min; reducing sugar concentration remained 3,9402 g /L; 1,8% lactic acid concentration; and pH 3,38. The maximum electrical voltage generated were 506,67 mV (14 h.) from the control; 666,67 mV (12 h.) from 1% (v/v) molasses addition; 626,67 mV (10 h.) for 2% (v/v) molasses addition; and 633,33 mV (10 h.) for 3% (v/v) molasses addition. The ANOVA test showed that the maximum electrical voltage of each treatment is significantly different. Based on these results we can conclude that the optimum voltage is given by the MFC system using 10% (v/v) Lactococcus lactis inoculum in pasteurized milk whey with 1% (v/v) molasses addition. Keywords--Microbial Fuel Cell, Lactococcus lactis, whey, electrical voltage, molasses. MICROBIOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND SENSORIAL CHARACTERISTICS
OF FERMENTED MILK PRODUCED BY PROBIOTIC LACTOBACILLUS SP.
A.A. Nanak Antaraini1, N.P. Desy Aryantini2 I W. Redi Aryanta3 and I N. Sujaya2,4
1Departement of Nutrition, Denpasar Polytechnics of Health; 2Integrated Lab. for Biosci. Biotechnol.; 3Depart. of Industrial Tecnol., Fact of Agricultural Technol., 4Sch. of Public Health, Fact. Med., Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia Application of probiotic is gained interest due to its health promoting significant.
Consumption of probiotic strain often hampers by technological production and thus
administration of probiotic strain incorporates in food products is preferred. Recently, we
have screened Lactobacillus sp SKG34 as good probiotic candidate. In order to develop this
strain as probiotics, the suitable foods carrier needs to be considered. The objectives of this
research were to determine the population of Lactobacillus sp. SKG34 in the fermented milk,
biochemical changes, and organoleptic of the product following fermentation by this
bacterium. RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analysis of this bacterium showed
polymorphic bands of about 200, 300, and 600 bp. The same analysis on 10 colonies of LAB
also gave the same bands as shown by the Lactobacillus sp SKG34, indicating that
Lactobacillus sp SKG34 dominated the fermented milk during storage. The total LAB
increased from 2.5 x 108 to 7.6 x 109 cfu/ml after 4 days storage, but decreased to 3.1 x 108
cfu/ml when storage was prolonged to 8 days. The growth of LAB in the milk resulted in pH
reduction by 0.29 pH unit (from 4.32 to 4.03) within 8 days storage. However, the
concentration of the dissolved protein increased from 0.046% to 0.084% after the same period
of storage. During storage some free amino acids, such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine,
histidine, glysyne, threonine, alanine, tyrosine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, and lysine
were found to increase, but arginine, valine and phenylalanine decreased. In the organoleptic
tests, this fermented milk was still acceptable by panelists, although it had been stored for 8
days at 10oC.
Keywords : Probiotic, Lactobacillus, Fermented Milk, RAPD.

74 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 OPTIMATION OF INSTANT LEDOK PROCESSING METHOD.
I Ketut Suter, I Made Sugitha, I Nengah Kencana Putra, I Putu Suparthana, Ni Made
Yusa, K.A. Nocianitri dan Ni Wayan Wisaniyasa.
Research Center Traditional Cousine, Udayana University. Jl. P.B.Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali. E-mail : [email protected] The objective of this research was to find out the best processing method of instant ledok. The experiment was conducted by Completely Randomized Design, with three of raw material particle size as a treatments. The treatments were R1 (16 mesh), R2 (9 mesh) and R3 (5 mesh). The characteristics of instant ledok were observed such as cooking time, sensory characteristics and its nutrients contents. The results of the study showed that the best processing method was 16 mesh raw material particle size, 5 minutes cooking time and nutrients contens such as water (80,68 %), ash (0,91 %), protein (7,32 %), fat (1,81 %) and carbohydrate (9,29 %) THE INFLUENCE OF SKIM MILK POWDER CONCENTRATION ON
MICROENCAPSULE CHARACTERISTICS OF SALAM LEAF (Eugenia polyantha
Wight.) FLAVOR EXTRACT
Ni Made Wartini
Udayana University The purposes of this research were to find out the influence of skim milk powder concentration on microencapsule characteristics of salam leaf flavor extract and to determine the skim milk powder concentration that produced the best microcapsule of salam leaf flavor extract. This research used randomized block design with treatment of skim milk powder concentration which was consists of five levels, namely 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% and each treatment was repeated twice. The samples were observed for their objective characteristics namely : rendement, water content, solubility and profile components. The results showed that the concentration of skim milk powder influenced microcapsule characteristics of salam leaf flavor extract. The concentration of skim milk powder of 30 % yielded the best microcapsule of salam leaf flavor extract with rendement, water content, and solubility of 30 %, 88,71 %, 4,96 % (w/w), 84,25 %, respectively. On the other hand, the flavor compounds on the surface of the microcapsules were decreases with increasing concentration of skim milk powder. Concentration of skim milkpowder 30% were not detected of any flavor compound. Keywords: microencapsule, flavor extract, skim milk powder, salam leaf (Eugenia polyanta Wight.) 75 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 THE INFLUENCE OF SUBSTITUTION WHEAT FLOUR WITH YELLOW PUMKIN
(Cucurbita moschata ex. Poir) ON CAROTEN CONTENT AND CHARACTERISTIC
OF SWEET BREAD
Wisaniyasa, Ni Wayan
Udayana University The aim of the research were to find out the influence of wheat flour substitution with yellow pumpkin on caroten content of sweet bread and to know the substitution level that maked the best characteristic of sweet bread. The research used group random design with wheat flour and yellow pumpkin compare treatment. The treatments were 100 % wheat flour (control), 90 % wheat flour : 10 % yellow pumpkin, 80 % wheat flour : 20 % yellow pumpkin, 70 % wheat flour : 30 % yellow pumpkin, 60 % wheat flour : 40 % yellow pumpkin and 50 % wheat flour : 50 % yellow pumpkin. Each treatment repeated by 3 times so that obtained 18 unit experiment. The parameter of this research were total of sugar, water content, ash content, caroten content and sensoris evaluation. The data obtained was analyzed with analyzed variety, and if showing the significant influence analyzed continued with Duncan test. Result of the research indicated that different level of substitution wheat flour with yellow pumpkin had significant effect on all variable. The more of wheat flour substitution with yellow pumpkin, the more total of sugar, water content, ash content and caroten content. Total of sugar range from 1,72 % up to 2,25 %, water content range from 27,63 % up to 38,61 %, ash content range from 0,89 % up to 1,47 % and total caroten range from 1176,32 µ g / 100g up to 4496,32 µ g / 100g. The treatment of 50 % wheat flour and 50 % yellow pumpkin yield sweet bread with best characteristic with total of sugar 2,25 %, water content 38,61 %, ash content 1,47 %, and caroten content 4496,32 µ g/100g, color was yellow, soft texture, uniform pore, aroma, taste and all acceptance were very pleasure. Keywords : sweet breed, wheat flour, yellow pumpkin, caroten. THE EFFECT OF SUGAR CONCENTRATION AND WARMING TEMPERATURE
ON CHARACTERISTIC OF TAMARILLO (Cyphomandra betacea) JAM
Ni Wayan Wisaniyasa1), Agus Selamet Duniadji1) and Mawarto Sitepu2)
1)Food Science and Technology, FTP, UNUD, 2) Alumni of Food Science and Technology, The aim of the research were to know the effect of sugar concentration and temperature warming on characteristic of tamarillo jam and to know sugar concentration and warming temperature precise to produce tamarillo jam with the best characteristic.This research was undertaken by factorial experiment using randomized block design. There were two factors in this research namely : (1) sugar concentration (45%, 50%, and 55%) and (2) warming temperatures (60°C, 70°C and 80°C). There were two replications for each treatments, so that be 18 experiments unit. The data was analyzed by ANAVA and followed by different test of reality. The parameter of this research were total of anthocyanin, acidity (pH), viscosity, total of soluble solid and sensory evaluation include color, smell, texture, taste and all receipt. Result of the research indicated that treatment of sugar concentration and 76 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 temperature warming had an significant effect on all variable. Concentration of sugar 55% and 60°C temperature warming yield tamarillo jam with best caharacteristic with anthocyanin 0,30%, pH 3,61, viscosity dimention 0,0080 g/cm.sec, total of soluble solid 62,1 °Brix, colour 3,75 (rather red ), smell 3,25 ( tamarillo smell), texture 3,6 (thick), taste 3,70 ( tamarillo taste) and all receipt 5,1 (mostly like this taste). Keywords: sugar, warming, temperature, characteristic, tamarillo jam ANALYSIS COMPOUNDS AND TOXICITY TEST OF ESSENTIAL OILS
CORIANDER SEEDS (CORIANDRUM SATIVUM L.)
Wiwik Susanah Rita, I Wayan Suirta, Ni Wayan Nita Ulantari
Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Udayana Analysis compounds and toxicity test of essential oil from coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum L.) has been done. Steam distillation was applied to extract the oil, while toxicity test that is a prescreening of anticancer compounds was done toward to Artemia salina Leach larvae. The oil obtained was fractioned by ethanol and n-hexane. The toxic fraction was analyzed by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). The oil contains was about 0.27%. The oil from ethanol fraction was toxic with the LC50 of 44.67 ppm toward Artemia salina Leach, while the oil from n-hexane fraction was not toxic (LC50 > 1000 ppm). GC-MS analysis of the toxic oil indicated that linalool was the mayor compound (Retention time (Rt) =6.350 minutes) with the relative abundance of 84.58%. While the other compounds were camphor (Rt = 6.591 minutes), borneol (Rt = 7.237 minutes), terpineol (Rt = 8.275 minutes), and geraniol (Rt = 9.935 minutes). Keywords : Coriander, essential oil, linalool, toxicity test PROFILE BETA AND ALPHA CELLS OF PANCREATIC TISSUE ON DIABETIC
RAT WERE GIVEN TEMPE ISOFLAVONE
I Nyoman Suarsana
Laboratory of Biochemistry Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar-Bali. Email: [email protected] Tempe isoflavones in addition to having antioxidant activity is also capable of stimulating the pancreas to increase insulin secretion. The purpose of this study was to analyze the profile of beta and alpha cells by immunohistochemistry in pancreatic tissue diabetic rats given tempe isoflavones. A total of 20 male white rats Spraque Dawley strain aged two months have been used in this study. Rats were divided into four treatment groups, namely (1) negative control group (K-), (2) positive group tempe isoflavone (IT), (3) positive group with diabetes mellitus (DM), and (4) group of diabetes mellitus and given tempe isoflavone (DM + IT). Treatment was given for 4 weeks. Blood glucose levels in the analyze at weeks to 0, 2, and 4. At the end of the study, rats were sacrificed by anesthesia and cervical os dislocatio. Pancreatic tissue was taken and carried out to analyze of beta and alpha cells by immunohistochemistry. The 77 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 results showed that administration of isoflavone may reduce the increase in blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. Immunohistochemistry staining results showed that administration of isoflavone could inhibit the rate of beta cell damage and is able to stimulate pancreatic beta cells to produce the hormone insulin. In general, the number of alpha cells not decrease in the state of diabetes, even the number increases at administration tempe isoflavone, although not significantly different compared with other treatments. Keywords: isoflavone, diabetic rat, beta and alpha cells, tempe GENETIC IDENTIFICATION AND CARBOHYDRATES METABOLISMS OF
LACTOBACILLUS SP. SKG34, A BILE-SALT HYDROLYZING LACTOBACILLUS
ISOLATED FROM SUMBAWA MARE MILK
N.P. Desy Aryantini1, W. Nursini1, A.A. Nanak Antaraini2, K. A. Nocianitri1,3, Y.
Ramona1,4, W Redi Aryanta1,5, and I N. Sujaya1,6*)
1Integrated Lab. for Biosci. Biotech.; 2Depart. Nutr., Denpasar Polytechnics of Health; 3Depart. Food Sci. Technol: Fact of Agricultural Technol; 4Depart. Biology, Fact Scie., 5Depart. Industrial Technol., Fact of Agricultural Technol., 5Sch. Public Health, Fact. Med., Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia Introduction and Objectives. Lactobacillus sp SKG34, a bile-salt hydrolyzing Lactobacillus
was isolated from sumbawa mare milk. The aimed of this research were to identify this
Lactobacillus by molecular biology method and to characterize the strain based upon the
profile of carbohydrates metabolisms.
Material and Methods. Lactobacillus sp SKG34 was used in this study. Carbohydrate
metabolisms profile of Lactobacillus sp SKG34 was carried out using API CHL50 for
lactobacilli while genetic identification was performed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA. The
genomic DNA was extracted using ISOPLANT II DNA isolation Kit following amplification
of the 16S rDNA. Almost entire length of 16S rDNA was amplified and was sequenced using
BigDye terminator sequence kit (Applied Biosystems, Japan). The assembled sequence was
subjected to homology analysis (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/).
Results. The results showed that Lactobacillus sp SKG34 shared 98% (1471bp identical out
of total 1489bp sequence) similarity with Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC53103 (EMBL acc.
AP011548.1). Specific carbohydrates metabolisms showed that Lactobacillus sp SKG34 was
able to metabolize amydon (starch) but not metabolize turanose and lyxose, where the L
rhamnosus commonly does not metabolize starch amydon but metabolize turanose and
lyxose. These demonstrated the specificity of this strain.
Conclusion: Lactobacillus sp SKG34 shared 98% homology with L. rhamnosus ATCC
53103. Specific characteristics on sugar metabolism, which different from commonly L.
rhamnosus along with quite low 16S rDNA similarity suggested that the strains highly
possible to be a specific strain or belonging to a sub-species of L. rhamnosus.
Keywords : Lactobacillus, genetic identification, bile-salt, mare milk
78 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 THE CHARACTERISTIC OF BABY BISCUIT WHICH MADE FROM THE KIND
OF BANANA'S FLOUR
Amna Hartiati
Agricultural Technology Faculty, Udayana University The main objectives of this research was to know the characteristic of baby biscuit which made from the kind of banana's flour and determined the best biscuit which of consumer's preference. This research applied with randomized completely design with two factors. First factor was the kind of banana's flour (kepok, raja and tanduk) and the second factor was concentration of adding banana's flour with concentration 25, 20, and 15 percent. All treatments were done with 2 replications that obtained 18 unit treatments. The result of this research indicated that the characteristic of baby biscuit which made from the kind of banana's flour are moisture content range from 16,960 - 27,825% , protein content range from 13,987 – 16,502 %, fiber content range from 6,330 - 15,915% and ash content range from 1,364 – 1,785%. All of baby biscuit are fulfilling of specification quality except moisture content. The best baby biscuit which of consumer's preference is made from ‘kepok' banana's four with adding 15%. The characteristic of biscuit are the specially tempeh aroma's (4,05), white – dust colour (3,40), rough texture (2,95) and the consumer's preference is like (3,45). Keywords : baby biscuit and banana's flour PROTEASE ACTIVITY OF PROTEIN FRACTION CONTAINING RECOMBINANT
ACTINIDIN EXPRESSED IN Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Anak Agung Made Dewi Anggreni1, Triwibowo Yuwono2, and Sukarti Moeljopawiro3
1.Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University, Bali., 2. Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta., and 3. Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University, Recombinant actinidin is a proteolitic enzyme found kiwi fruit (Actinidia chinensis). Recombinant actinidin was expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the production of recombinant actinidin was acquired at exponential growth phase, precipitated by ammonium sulphate to 30 % saturation. However protease activity of protein fraction containing recombinant actinidin was not reported yet, therefore, it was needed to be analysed. The objective of this study was to know the protein activity of fraction containing recombinant actinidin expressed in Saccromyces cerevisiae. Transformant was obtain from previous study. The expresion of recombinant actinidin protein was done by cultivating transformant (Saccharomyces cerevisiae BF 307 -10 carrying recombinant plasmid pYSV9 R1) in 5 x 500 ml of YEPD medium. Supernatant protein was harvested at the exponential growth phase (8 hours incubation), then fractionated by precipitation level at saturation of 30 % of ammonium sulphate. The result of fractionation was dialysed and protease activity then analysed. The result of this study showed that protein fraction containing recombinant actinidin had a protease activity. Concentration of soluble amino acid was 9.425 g/ l. 79 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Keywords : protease activity, fraction protein, recombinant actinidin, expression, secretion, Saccromyces cerevisiae ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SELECTED COMERCIAL SEAWEEDS IN BALI
K. Sri Marhaeni Julyasih
Agriculture Faculty UPN"Veteran" East Java Antioxidants are compounds that protect cells against the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species, such as singlet oxygen, superoxide, peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite. Antioxidants can cancel out the cell-damaging effects of free radicals. Seaweeds have become a major food ingredient in products especially in Japan, Korea and China. In Asia, seaweeds have been used for centuries in the preparation of salads, soups and also as low-calorie foods. In Bali, there are three types of seaweeds that have been consumed as vegetables and food. These seaweeds local name are Bulung Boni (Caulerpa spp.), Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria spp.), and Euchema spinosum. People in Bali have been consumed these seaweeds for a long time a go, but until this time there are no research or publication about the antioxidant activity of these seaweed, so this research aims to know the total phenolics , and antioxidant activity of these seaweeds. The research resulted that total phenolic in E. spinosum is 2,5473 %, Caulerpa spp. 1, 9216 %, and Gracilaria spp. 0,8970 %. Antioxidant activity or free radical scavenging of Bulung Boni (Caulerpa spp.) is 28.0857 % , Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria spp.) 9.6714 %, and E. spinosum is 2.2000 %. Keywords : Caulerpa spp., Gracilaria spp., E. spinosum, total phenolics, and antioxidant
AGRICULTURE

ORNAMENTATION STRUCTURE OF FLOWER POLLEN ON ENTOMOPHYLI
POLLINATION
Ni Putu Adriani Astiti
Biology Department , Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science. Udayana University Research has been carried pollen from many plant species, with the aim to find out from the wall of pollen morphology in the interest pollination carried by insects (entomophyli) .Material taken from plants belonging to Monoicotyledoneae and Dicotyledoneae. Preparation was done by acetolysis method and observation using light microscopy. From the results showed that the pollen in flowers polination carried by insects (entomophyli) generally have a flat surface, a bit rough with the noise - kind of ornamentation. Ornamentation in the form of spine or sculpture with a different type for each species. Key words: Pollen, Entomophyli, ornamentation 80 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 WEIGHT LOSS AND RESPIRATION RATE OF SALAK FRUIT IN MODIFIED
ATMOSPHERE USING POLYETHYLINE PLASTIC PACKAGING AT VARIOUS
PERFORATION
Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi Pudja
Department of Agriculture Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana Email : [email protected] The aim's of this reaserch were to study weigh loss of Salak fruits from consequence of modified atmosphere packaging and to study of respiration rate of Salak fruit to preserve at modified atmosphere packaging. The treatment of this reasearch was packaging with polyethyline plastic package or passive atmosphere with thickness 0.02 mm and perforation diameter hole is 0.6 cm. The various perforation is 0, 4, 8 and 12 hole. The storage time was set at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 day in room temperature. The result showed that the weigh loss of Salak fruit was increased during the storage time. The weigh loss rate was slowly at 8 hole polyethyline plastic perforation packaging. At the begining of the storage time, the respiration rate have been increased while in the midle have been decreased. Finally, in the end of the storage time have been increased. The respiration rate was slowly at 8 and 12 hole polyethyline plastic perforation packaging. Key words : Modified Atmosphere, Polyethyline plastic perforation packaging, Salak Fruit SOYBEAN (Glycine max (L) Merrill) IN PLANTA TRANSFORMATION OF
SUNFLOWER ALBUMIN GENE USING Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Suberata I Wayan1 and Suparthana I Putu2
1). Department of Animal Production Science, Faculty of Animal husbandry, 2). Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural technology, Udayana University. Usage of A.tumefaciens for the purpose of including DNA sunflower albumin into soybean cell, constituted of natural ability of A.tumefaciens to transformation in specific form of DNA plasmid (T-DNA) into soybean cell, then integrate at mains soybean cell genome. Result of gene cloning of albumin grown at bacterium of E.coli, then carried over by A.tumefaciens LBA4404, passing method of triparental mating. A.tumefaciens LBA4404 (pAL4404, pSW600) yielded later, then transformation at soybean by in planta. Result of analysis of transformation at soybean of transgenic by in planta, can be proved with PCR analysis. Keywords : Trasformation, sunflower albumine, A.tumefaciens, soybean. HOW TO USE AND TREAT LAND
Wayan Suena
The land in the Vedic knowledge and authority is a personality and has name. Her name is 81 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Bhumi or Devi Bhumi. The land consists of many material elements that needed by all living beings to life, such as: ether, air, fire, and water. Bhumi maintain all living beings in the material world including us or human beings, therefore, Bhumi in the Vedic scripture is considered as one of our mother, among seven of our mothers. There are seven mothers: mother who gives birth, nurse, wife of the King, brahmana's wife, spiritual master's wife, and the cow. As a mother the land should be treating nicely and use properly, we should gave high respect to her. By cultivating the land naturally, for example tillage practice using bull or cow, cow dung can be use as manure (organic farming), Bhumi will feel happy and she will produceabundantly everything's that we need. We should cultivating her soil surface according to the Vedic injunction, back to nature, without any pollutant such as chemical fertilizer and fungicide or insecticideetc. In that way, we will life in harmony with nature and certainly we will have a better future. Key words: Land, Devi Bhumi, Vedic POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT OF Gladiolus hybridus AS CUT FLOWER
Made Ria Defiani
Biology Department, Math and Basic Science Faculty, Udayana University Gladiolus hybridus is one of the well known cut flower that requires proper maintenance after harvesting for the flowers and corms. The study was explored by surveying some farmers at Cipanas, West Java. The gladiolus were grown using corms (minimum 2.5 cm in diameter) as its propagative organs. Flowers can be harvested at 70-75 days after planting or while one floret at the bottom of flower stalk has opened (bloomed). Flowers were harvested every 2-3 days using sharp knife to avoid stalk injury. Farmers usually harvest the flower in the morning, collect and grade them into class A and B depend on the number of floret in the stalk. Every 10 flowers were tied up and hanging up in shady area to prevent loss of water due to transpiration. Some farmers use chemical to prolong the self life of the flower. The chemicals were sucrose 5% + Hydroquinone 300 ppm + citric acid 300 ppm for gladiolus cv. Queen occer. Corms of gladiolus were harvested 1.5-2.5 months after flower harvested or while the leaves have dried. Corms were cleaned from soil and separated between corm and cormels. Both types of corms were soaked in fungicide solution 1.5 g/L for 15-30 minutes, then wind drying. Corms and cormels were kept in dark place for 2.5 month to break dormancy. The self life of gladiolus cut flower can be prolonged by wrapped the flowers using banana leaves during transportation to consumers. Key words: Gladiolus hybridus, Cipanas-West Java, Flower CHROMOSOMES OBSERVATION ON CULTIVARS OF Brassica napus
Made Pharmawati, A.A. Gde Indraningrat, Ni Nyoman Wirasiti
Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University A research was conducted on "Chromosomes observation on cultivars of Brassica napus" at Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University. This research aimed to determine the number and types of four cultivars of B. napus. The cultivars are B. napus Argyle, B. napus Tanami, and B. napus Trigold which were released by Canola 82 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Breeding of Western Australia. The method used was the squash method and aceto-orcein staining method. Results showed that chromosomes of B. napus were very small, condense and uniform. This leads to difficulty in counting chromosome number. It has been reported in several publications that the number of chromosome of B. napus is 2n=38. However, the number of chromosomes obtained from our study for B. napus Argyle was 2n=32, B. napus. Tanami 2n=36 and B. napus Trigold 2n=34. The differences may be due to the use of conventional technique of chromosome prepartion in this study or the occurrence of abnormal segregation during anaphase. Keywords: Brassica napus, chromosome, squash, aceto-orcein Key words: Brassica napus, chromosome, squash, aceto-orcein RESPONSE OF OFFERING PANCREAS EXTRACT AND RATION
SUPLEMENTED BY PROBIOTIC ON CARCASS, BLOOD SUGAR
CONCENTRATION, AND BLOOD LIPID PROFILE TO BROILER
Tjokorda Gede Belawa Yadnya and Anak Agung Ayu Sri Trisnadewi
Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University, Denpasar The research was aimed to study the response of offering pancreas extract and ration suplemented by probiotic on carcass, blood sugar concentration and blood lipid profile to broiler. The research used Completely Randomized Design with Factorial pattern. The first factor was pancreas extract : 0.0%, 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15% (P0, P1, P2, and P3). The second factor was level of probiotic Starbio : 0.0%, 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15% (S0, S1, S2, dan S3). There were 16 treatments combination : P0S0, P0S1, P0S2, P0S3, P1S0, P1S1, P1S2, P1S3, P2S0, P2S1, P2S2, P2S3, P3S0, P3S1, P3S2, and P3S3. Each treatment combination replicated four times and each treatment combination consist of four broilers. Variables measured were carcass, blood sugar concentration, and blood lipid profile. Result of the experiment on control treatment showed that final weight, carcass weight and carcass percentage were 1615 g/head, 1215 g/head, and 75,23%. The ration that content of higher concentration of extract pancreas and probiotic (Starbio) caused carcass and blood sugar concentration were significantly increase (P<0.05), except on carcass percentage was not significant different (P>0.05). Blood sugar concentration on control treatment was 251 mg/dl, and extract pancreas offered caused decreasing of blood sugar concentration significantly (P<0.05). If control treatment combined with Starbio could increase blood sugar concentration, and if combined with pancreas extract could decrease blood sugar concentration (P<0.05). Total collesterol level, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) on control treatment were 141.0 mg/dl, 27.0 mg/dl, 100.8 mg/dl. Pancreas extract offered could decrease collesterol level significantly (P<0.05), but probiotic offered on control treatment could increase collesterol level (P<0.05), and if it combined could decrease collesterol level significantly (P<0.05). It can be concluded that combination treatment between pancreas extract and probiotic to broiler increased carcass weight and not affected on carcass percentage, but blood sugar concentration and blood collesterol were significantly decreased. Key words : pancreas extract, probiotic, carcass, blood sugar concentration, blood collesterol, 83 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND FOETUS SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT
OF MICE (Mus musculus L.) AFTER TREATED BY YOUNG PINEAPPLE (Ananas
comosus) EXTRACT.
Iriani Setyawati, S.Si., M.Si.
Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematic & Natural Sciences, Udayana University Email : [email protected] This experiment was performed to examine the effects of young pineapple (Ananas comosus) extract on reproduction performance and foetus skeletal development if given during organogenesis period. Twenty pregnant mice were randomly divided into 4 groups. Extract was given orally by gavage with 0 (control), doses 20%, 40%, and 80%. Treatment was given at day 6 to 15 of gestation. Caesarean section to remove foetus was performed on day 18 of gestation. The observation covered : reproduction performance (uterine weight before and after removing the foetus), number of life foetus, dead foetus, and reabsorbed foetus. Other characteristics observed were morphological of the foetus (weight and length of the litter, and malformations), skeletal development (ossification number of metacarpus, metatarsus, and vertebrae caudalis), and malformations of costae, sternum, and vertebrae. Statistical analysis was performed using Anova and Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Teratogenic effects caused the decrease of earlier uterine weight and the number of life foetus. Ananas comosus extract increased the number of dead foetus and hemorrhage, delayed skeletal ossification (decreased ossification number of metacarpus and metatarsus) and caused costal malformation (intercostal fusion and convulated costal structure). Key words : Ananas comosus, teratogenic, skeletal development EFFECT OF BALANCE ENERGY – PROTEIN RATION FOR PERFORMANCE
OF KAMPUNG CHICKENS
G. A. M. Kristina Dewi, I Ketut Astiningsih , R.R. Indrawati, I Made Laksmiwati and
I Wayan Siti
Faculty of Animal Science , Udayana Univercity Email: [email protected] The objective of this research was to determine, the effect of level balance energy and protein ration for performance 8 weeks of Kampung chickens. A number of 48 unsexed age 3 days of Kampung chikens were used in this experiment. A completely randomized design were used with 4 treatments and 4 replications of each has 3 birds. The treatments were a ration with balance energy 3100 kkal/kg and 22% protein (A) ; ration with balance energy 3000 kkal/kg and 20% protein (B); ration with balance energy 2900 kkal /kg and protein 18% (C); ration with balance energy 2800 kkal /kg and 16% protein (D). The variable studied were : feed consumption, feed conversion, final body weight, body weight gain, protein consumtion, energy consumtion, carcas weight, carcas percentage, Data obtained was analyszed with analysis of covariance and followed by Duncan's multiple range test (Steel and Torrie, 1993), when significant differences (P<0.05) amongs treatments were found. Results of this experiment showed that final body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed 84 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 conversion, energy consumption, protein consumption, was significantly (P<0,05) but
carcas weight, carcas percentage, was non significant (P>0,05) among the treatmens.
Key words : Kampung chickens, energy, protein ,weight gain, feed conversion
SOMATOTROPIN SUPPLEMENTATION TO IMPROVE SKIN AND BONE
COLLAGEN CONCENTRATION ON OF SIX-MONTH AND ONE-YEAR OLD
FEMALE RATS
Ni Wayan Sudatri
Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Udayana Email : [email protected] As age increases, aging symptoms such as decrease of stamina, wrinkle of skin, osteoporosis, increase of body fat and menopause will appear. These symptoms are due to the decrease of somatotropin secretion which plays a significant role in cell proliferation. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of somatotropin supplementation on skin and bone collagen concentration of six-month and one-year old female rats. Forty eight female rats were assigned into a randomized block design with 4 factors. The first factor was age with 2 levels (6 months and 12 months). The second factor was somatotropin dosage with 2 levels (0 and 9 mg/kg body weight). The third factor was duration of injection with 2 levels (3 weeks and 6 weeks), and the fourth factor was sampling period with 2 levels (0 and 14 days after somatotropin termination). The results showed that somatotropin supplementation had significant effects on , bone (P=0.014) and skin (P=0.006) collagen concentrations. Key words : collagen, female rat, somatotropin BIOSORPTION OF CR(III) ION ON NITRIC ACID TRATED-ALGAE EUCHEUMA
SPINOSUM BIOMASS
I Wayan Sudiarta, S.Si., M.Si.
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Denpasar Studies on biosorption of chromium (III) on nitric acid-treated algae (Eucheuma spinosum) adsorbent have been carried out. These studies included determination of optimum H+/biosorbent ratio, biosorbent acidity, isoterm and biosorption capacity, and mechanisms of interaction between chromium (III) and algae (Eucheuma spinosum) biosorbent. Mechanisms of interaction were evaluated by sequential desorption of chromium (III) on acid-treated algae biosorbent by using aquades, 1 M HCl and 0.05 M Na2EDTA. The result showed that the optimum H+/biosorben ratio for treated of Eucheuma spinosum algae was 3.0 mmol/g. The surface acidity of nitric acid-treated biosorbent (Rn3.0) and biosorbent control (Rc) were 5.72±0.10 and 2.59±0.27 mmol/g respectively. Biosorption capacity of nitric acid-treated Eucheuma spinosum is larger rather than that of untreated. The biosorption capacity of Rn3.0 and Rc were 68.72 and 57.32 mg/g respectively. Interaction mechanism of Cr(III) on biosorbent was particulary caused by ionic attraction, while hydrogen bond, van der Waal's bond and complexation are relatively low. Key words: Biosorption, Cr(III), nitric acid-treated Eucheuma spinosum 85 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION TO INCREASE LITTER SIZE
NLG Sumardani1, IP Arnaya2, IP Gede Bawa2
1Lab. Reproduksi Ternak Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Udayana, Jl. PB Sudirman, Denpasar-Bali. E-mail: [email protected] 2UPT Balai Pembibitan Ternak Provinsi Bali, Jl. Raya Bedugul KM 43 Baturiti, Tabanan-Bali. Telp./Fak.: (0368)21776 The aim of this study was to increase the litter size of Landrace using Artificial Insemination (AI) in 15 sows. All of the Landrace have farrowed twice. The research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments i.e. P1 (AI on first day of estrous), P2 (AI on second day of estrous) and P3 (treatments combination of P1 and P2). AI dose of 2000-3000 x 106 cells/80ml. The results showed that average litter size of Landrace receiving combined treatments P1, P2 and P3 were 4.40 ± 0.548; 6.80 ± 0.837; and 8.20 ± 0.837 piglets, and the average birdth weight per individual were 0.939 ± 0.028; 0.847 ± 0.174; and 0.786 ± 0.175 kg. In conclusion, the litter size of Landrace can be increased with AI program on the first day and the second day of estrous. Key words: Artificial insemination, estrous, litter size, Landrace. INHIBITION POTENCY of Streptomyces sp. TO PATHOGENIC FUNGI Fusarium sp.
CAUSES STEM ROT DESEASE of Aloe barbadensis Mill.
Retno Kawuri,
Agricultural Doctoral Program Udayana University
This research was done from February until April 2010 with the aim to find out inhibition
potency of Streptomyces sp. to pathogenic fungi Fusarium sp. and to find out the highest
percentage of inhibition potency of Streptomyces sp. to pathogenic fungi Fusarium sp.
Method used in this study was descriptive method and to measure the inhibition of
Streptomyces sp. to the growth of Fusarium sp. is used Whipp Method. Twenty Streptomyces
sp.( Streptomyces sp1 – Streptomyces sp20 ) samples used in this research were collected
from 10 forest in Bali proviencies and save as collection of Microbiology Laboratory
Departement of Biology Faculty MIPA Udayana University. Whereas Fusarium sp. used in
this research is isolated from Aloe barbadensis plant in Gianyar Regency which is suffered
from stem rot desease. Descriptive data analyses results obtained; Fourty Streptomyces sp.
had potency to inhibit growth of Fusarium sp which is difference procentages. The highest
percentage that inhibited Fusarium sp is Streptomyces sp5., that is 92%, followed by
Streptomyces sp20, Streptomyces sp18, Streptomyces sp2, Streptomyces sp1, Streptomyces
sp12, Streptomyces sp15, Streptomyces sp14, Streptomyces sp17, Streptomyces sp4,
Streptomyces sp3, Streptomyces sp6, Streptomyces sp19, Streptomyces sp16, there are 84%,
78%, 64%, 42%, 26%, 24%, 22%, 20%, 18%, 18%, 16%, 14%, and 13% respectively. In
conclusion; Fourty Streptomyces sp. had potency to inhibit growth of Fusarium sp which is
difference precentages and the highest precentage (92%) that inhibited the growth of
Fusarium sp. is Streptomyces sp5 which is collected from Suana Nusa Penida-Klungkung
86 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 forest and the lowest percentage ( 13%) is Streptomyces sp16 which is collected from Munduk Pangejaran-Bangli forest. Key words: Streptomyces sp, Fusarium sp. Inhibition growth. USE OF WATER-PLANT FERMENTED WITH Aspergillus niger LEVELS IN
DIET ON VILLAGE CHICKENS PERFORMANCE AND NUMBER LACTIC
ACID BACTERIA DIGESTIVE TRACT
I Nyoman Sutarpa Sutama, S A Lindawati and M Artiningsih
Faculty of Animal Husbandry Udayana University
This study was aimed at finding out use of water-plant fermented with Aspergillus niger
levels in diet on village chickens performance and number lactic acid bacteria in digestive
tract. A completely randomized design was adopted in the study that had four treatment i.e.
those offered 0, 10, 20 and 30% water-plant fermentation in diet of the chickens studied. Each
treatment group had four replicates and each replicate had six chickens was 21.40 – 24.36 g.
Energy and protein contents of diet offered to the chickens during period of the study (12
weeks) were 2.900 kcal/kg and 18% respectively. Diet in mash form and dringking water
were provided ad libitum to the chickens during 12 weeks. Result of the study showed that
inclusion of water-plant fermented with Aspergillus niger in diets significantly (P<0.05)
increased village chickens performance and number lactic acid bacteria digestive tract and
lowered rate of passage of diet/faeces in their digestive tract. It was concluded that use of
water-plant fermented Aspergillus niger at the range 20 – 30% in diet of the village chickens
significantly changed performances and number lactic acid bacteria digestive tract.
Keywords: water-plant, Aspergillus niger, lactic acid bacteria, villlage chickens
AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF DICTYOTA PATENS
Ida Ayu Raka Astiti Asih , Ni GAM Dwi Adhi Suastuti and Eti Meirina Brahmana
Departement of Chemistry ,Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science Udayana University Determination of amino acid composition by using HPLC method has been conducted. species contain 15 kind of amino acid, those are aspartic acid(0,36%), glutamic acid(0,57%), serine(0,20%), hstidin(0,06%),glycine (0,25%), threonine(0,17%), arginine (0,59%), alanine (0,08%), tyrosine(0,02%), methionine(0,12%), valine(0,22%), phenialanine(0,41%), isoleucine(0,16%) leucine(0,33%), and lysine (0,93%) Key words: HPLC, Dictyota patens, amino acid. EVALUATION OF UREA AMMONIATED RICE STRAW AS A SOURCE OF
ROUGHAGE FOR GROWING GOAT
Tjok Gede Oka Susila
Faculty of Animal Husbandry Udayana University 87 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 An experiment that aim to study the probability of replacing green forage with urea ammoniated rice straw as a source of roughage for growing goat was conducted for 6 weeks at research station Faculty Of Animal Husbandry Udayana University. Balance simple cross over design was used in this experiment consisted of 2 treatments and 2 periods (replicates). Four goats was used in this experiment with average initial body weight 17,3 ± 0,2 kg. The 2 treatments were native grass and urea ammoniated rice straw as a source of roughage for treatment R0 and Rl respectively. Roughage and water are given ad libitum. Concentrate was given 1,5% from body weight and offered twice a day at 08.00 am in the morning and afternoon at 15.00 pm. Variable measured was intake and digestibility coefficient of dry matter, organic matter and crude fiber and protein intake. Data was analyzed by analysis of variance (Astuti, 1980). Result of mis experiment show that dry matter intake of goat in treatment Rl was 5,64 % significantly (p <0,05) higher than that of treatment R0. Organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber intake of goat at treatment R0 and R1 were not significantly different (p>0,05) as well as for digestibility coefficient of dry matter, organic matter and crude fiber. Based on the results of the experiment it can be concluded that the quality of urea ammoniated rice straw as a source of roughage on goat fed concentrate 1,5% from body weight was a similar with native grass. Therefore urea ammoniated rice straw have a high potential to replacing native grass for growing goat. Key words: Native Grass, Ammoniated Rice Straw and Goat SEROPREVALENCE Q FEVER IN BALI CATTLE (BOS SONDAICUS) AT BALI
PROVINCE BY INDIRECT IMMUNOFLOURESCENT ANTIBODY ASSAY
Hapsari Mahatmi1), Tjok Gde OkaPemayun1), Agus Setiyono2)
1) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University 2) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii, a species of bacteria that is distributed globally. Ruminant, especially cattle may play the important role in the transmission to human. The research of seroprevalence of Q fever in Bali's cattle were done in September 2009 in Gianyar and Badung district, Bali. A total of 150 serum and buffy coat samples were collected; 130 serum from females and 20 serum males. The indirect immunoflourescent antibody test was used to determine the seroprevalence of Q fever. The seropositive based on the dilution of serum starting from 1:16. Seropositive were observed in 30 samples (23,07%) of females and 1 male samples (5%) of male Bali's cattle. The highest titer of 1:128 was observed in 1 female with reproduction problem and 2 pregnant cattles. The results of the present study suggested that Q fever may be endemic in Bali. Key words: Q fever, zoonotic, prevalence, indirect immunoflourescent antibody test, DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COCONUT MILK
INTERACTED WITH MILK AS AN ATTEMPT TO
DIVERSIFY YOGHURT PRODUCTS
Miwada, IN.S., M. Hartawan, A.A. Kartini, S.A. Lindawati, G. Suranjaya, T. Ariana
and A.T. Umiarti
Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University 88 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of coconut milk interacted with milk as an attempt to diversify the yoghurt product. The interaction of milk and coconut milk was then continued with fermentation process in such a way that yoghurt was produced. The method used in this study was Rancangan Acak Lengkap (abbreviated to RAL) with three formulas of treatment such as: A (the interaction of milk and coconut milk for a 7.5% dry yoghurt raw material); B (the interaction of milk and coconut milk for a 10% dry weight of yoghurt) and C (the interaction of milk and coconut milk for a 12.5% dry weight of yoghurt). Each treatment was repeated three times and the variables explored in this study include the value of physiological-chemistry and the amount of lactate acid.The results of the study show that formula A produced the lowest pH value, that is, 4.54, followed the pH value produced by formula B, that is, 4.73 and that produced by formula C, that is, 4.77 with P<0.05 as the test level. The low pH value was followed by a high total of similarity such as 0.81%; 0.76% and 0.69% (P<0.05). The more skim milk used in each formula, the thicker the yoghurt produced was. The lowest yoghurt lactose content (P<0.05) was found out in formula A, that is, 2.27%, followed by that found out in formula c, that is, 2.53% and that found out in formula B, that is, 2.74%. The formulation of raw materials did not affect the amount of the bacteria and the amount of lactate acid bacteria. The conclusion which can be withdrawn from this study is that it is recommended to use formula A for producing yogurt with the raw materials of coconut milk and skim milk. In addition, the skim milk, whose characteristics are close to the standard ones, is not much needed. Key words: skim milk, coconut milk and yoghurt quality EFFICACY OF RIPE PAPAYA SEED POWDER AGAINST ASCARIS SUUM IN
Ardana Ida Bagus Komang
Faculty of Veterinary Medecine, Udayana University. Email: Ardana.idabagus @ Gmail.com
Ascariasis in pigs developing countries people are still an issue that is very detrimental to an
effective worm farmers.drugs very much but they're expensive, so farmers do not treat it to
clear.Drug herbal has many obsevation and the result is verry efektif. Papaya seeds ovicidal
effects which have a very effective in vivo but not yet reported and the effects vermisidal.
Treatment of diseases has been studied ascariasis in pigs 10-15 kg weight with ripe papaya
seed powder dose 3 g / kg body weight for three days. As a comparison group of other swine
ascariasis treated with anthelmintic standard 0.5 mg dose of albendazole (12.5% Zodalben,
commercial drug), after the treatment efficacy was calculated. Statistical analysis indicated
that the number of worms decreased significantly A.suum shown by the increase in efficacy
against worm A. suum were significantly (P <0.01). For the provision of papaya seed powder
dose of 3 grams / kg body weight, together with the provision zoodalben efficacy was 12.5%
(albendasol 12.5%) of 100%.

Key words: Herb ripe papaya seed powder, worm A.suum

THE SUPPLEMENTATION OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) IN THE DIET TO
DECREASED BROILER MEAT CHOLESTEROL
Ni W. Siti, I M. Mudita, I P. Ari Astawa, Ni M. Witariadi, N. Tirta. A. and Ni N.
Candraasih K.
Study Program of Animal Husbandry, Fakulty of Animal Husbandry Udayana University 89 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Jl. PB Sudirman Denpasar, Bali. Tel. (0361) 222096 The experiment in aim to study the supplementation of the VCO in the diets to decreased broiller meat cholesterol had been done at Batu Bulan Village, Gianyar Regency and Animal Nutrition Laboratory. The design which used in this experiment a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and four replicates. The three treatments were diets without VCO as a control (A), supplemented 2% VCO in the ration (B), and supplemented 4% VCO in the ration (C) respectively. Feed and water offered ad libitum. The variables which measured were carcass weight, carcass percentage, and meat cholesterol. The result of this experiment showed that the carcass weight, on the treatment B (supplemented of 2% VCO in the ration) and treatment C (supplemented 4%VCO in the ration) were significantly (P <0.05) higher than the control, but the carcass percentage, total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL were not significantly (P >0.05) higher than the control. The LDL on the treatment C (supplemented 4%VCO in the ration) was significantly (P <0.05) lower than the control. From the result of this experiment can be concluded that the supplementation of VCO from 2-4% in the diets has increased to the carcass weight and decreased the broiller meat LDL. Key words : VCO, broiller, carcass weight, meat cholesterol ATTEMPT TO INCREASE THE LITTER SIZE OF BALI GILTS BY INJECTING
P.G. 600 AND FEEDING GLUCOSE
Suyadnya, P.
Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University.
The aim of this study was to increase the litter size of Bali gilts by injecting P.G. 600 and
feeding glucose. A total of 40 Bali gilts and one mature Bali boar were used. This study used
Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 x 2 Factorial arrangement. P.G. 600 as the
first factor (H) was divided into two, i.e. without injecting P.G. 600 (H0) and with injecting
P.G. 600 (H1). Glucose as the second factor (G) was also divided into two, i.e. without feeding glucose (G0) and with feeding glucose (G1). Thus, there were four treatment combinations in this study, namely, H0G0 (Control), H0G1, H1G0, and H1G1, with ten replications. A total of 10 ml of P.G. 600 containing 800 i.u. FSH and 400 i.u. LH was administered to each gilt by subcutaneous injection behind the ear at the 16th day of its estrus cycle. Feeding glucose to each gilt was started from the 14th day of its estrus cycle until the time of mating by adding 250 g of glucose a day to the basal ration. All the Bali gilts were mated on the 3rd estrus cycle at onset of the 2nd day of its estrus. The results of this study showed the average litter size of Bali gilts receiving combined treatments H0G0 (Control), H0G1, H1G0, and H1G1 were 4.90 + 2.33, 6.30 + 1.57, 6.20 + 2.04, and 7.40 + 1.71 piglets. The average litter weight at birth per-gilt were 1.573 + 0.404, 2.888 + 0.682, 2.465 + 0.811, and 3.503 + 1.118 kg, and the average birth weight per-piglet were 0.369 + 0.128, 0.461 + 0.044, 0.389 + 0.042, and 0.461 + 0.050 kg, respectively. Statistical analysis showed the effect of injecting P.G. 600 (H1G0) increased significantly (P < 0.05) the litter size and the litter weight at birth per-gilt of Bali gilts, however, the birth weight per-piglet were not affected. Both effects of feeding glucose (H0G1) and treatment combination of injecting P.G. 600 and feeding glucose (H1G1) increased significantly (P < 0.05) the litter size, litter weight at birth per-gilt and birth weight per-piglet of Bali gilts. There were no interaction effects observed between treatments to the all variables recorded on this study. Key words: P.G. 600, glucose, litter size, Bali gilt. 90 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 THE EFFECT OF UREA AND PIGS MANURE BOKHASI AND ITS COMBINATION
ON PRODUCTIVITY OF Stenotaphrum secundatum UNDER COCONUT TREE
N.N. Candraasih K, N.G.K. Roni and T.G.O. Susila
Faculty of Animal Husbandry Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali. The experiment was carried out to study the effect of urea, pigs manure bokhasi and its combination on productivity of Stenotaphrum secundatum under coconut tree. Completely randomized block design (CRBD) were used in this experimentconsisted of four treatments and five time replication. The fourth treatments were the grass without fertilizer (A), grass with 600 kg N/Ha (B), grass with 2 ton pigs manure bokhasi/Ha (C) and combination of 300 kg N/Ha and 1 ton pigs manure bokhasi/Ha (D). The experiment was conducted for 8 weeks. The results showed that the dry matter (DM) yield of grass at the treatment D was similar (P> 0,05) with the grass at the treatment B. DM yield of grass at the treatment B and D significantly higher (P<0,05) than the grass at the treatment A. DM yield at grass C , 20, 35% and 19,33% lower than grass B and D, but 7,78% higher than grass A. DM yield of grass C were not significantly different (P>0,05) with grass A, B and D. The data indicated that the productivity of Stenotaphrum secundatum under coconut tree, can be increased by urea fertilizer or combination of urea and pigs manure bokhasi did not affect the productivity of Stenotaphrum secundatum. The productivity of Stenotaphrum can't be improved by pigs manure bokhasi only. Key words : urea, pig, manure bokhasi, Stenotaphrum secundatum TOXOPLASMA GONDII SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS WITH ANTIGEN GRA1
AND MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS BASED ON THE TACHYZOITE AND
BRADIZOITE SEQUENCE SPECIFIC STAGE (SAG1 AND BAG1)
Ida Ayu Pasti Apsari
Udayana University Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii. The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in native chicken is necessarily determined to find out the spread of the Toxoplasma in the environment. Chickens are infected by the Toxoplasma‘s oocysts from the ground when they are foraging. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in native chicken and to amplify the specific DNA sequences as a basis for diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. A total of 200 native chickens from nine districts in Bali were used in this research. To diagnose the sample, this research used serological Elisa's test to gain the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and PCR to amplify specific DNA sequences of Tachyzoite and Bradizoite. The result shows the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in native chickens with Elisa's test by antigen GRA1 is 66.5% (133/200). Specific sequence stage of Tachyzoite and Bradizoite (SAG1 and BAG1) successfully amplify the specific DNA sequence of Toxoplasma gondii as a basis for the diagnosis. 91 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Key words: Native Chicken, Toxoplasma gondii, Elisa, PCR, Tachyzoite and Bradizoite OPTIMIZING VITAMIN-MINERAL SUPPLEMENTATION IN KING GRASS-
BASED RATIONS TO MAXIMIZE RUMEN MICROBIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PRODUCTIVITY OF BALI CATTLE
Ida Bagus Gaga Partama
Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University, Denpasar-Bali
Bali cattle have a great potency to supply of national meat demand which increase
progressively every year. The main constrain in Bali cattle farming is the deficiency trace
minerals on native grass to result in low of Bali cattle productivity. The present study was
done to determine the effect of vitamin-mineral supplementation in the ration based on King
grass of rumen microbial protein synthesis and its relation to productivity of Bali cattle steer.
Randomized Complete Block Design used in this study consisted of four treatments and five
groups based on differences in live weight cattle. Treatment consists of: S0 = concentrate as
much as 5 kg + King grass given ad libitum, S1, S2, and S3 = S0 successively added 0.1%,
0.2% and 0.3% vitamin-mineral in concentrate. Variables observed are nutrients intake,
rumen microbial protein synthesis, deposition of nutrients, live weight gain of the animals,
and feed efficiencies. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance, and regression
analysis used to predict the optimal level of supplementation. Results showed that vitamin-
mineral supplementation significantly (P <0.05) effected to all of the observed variables.
Supplementation levels of 0.2 to 0.3% can reduce the consumption of nutrients, but
supplementation levels of 0.1 to 0.3% can increase rumen microbial protein synthesis,
deposition of nutrients, efficiency use of the ration, and can increase a live weight gain of Bali
cattle steer up to 14% (0.58 vs. 0.66 kg / day) than cattle without supplements. The research
concluded that vitamin-mineral supplementation 0.1 to 0.3% in ration based on King grass
can increase microbial protein synthesis in the rumen and live weigh gain of Bali cattle steer,
and there is a clear relationship between microbial protein synthesis (X) with live weight gain
of cattle (Y) which follows the equation: Y = 0.002X - 0.002, R2 = 0.73 *. Based on
regression analysis, retrieved optimum level of vitamin-minerals supplementation in
concentrate is 0.16% which can produce maximum of rumen microbial protein synthesis and
live weight gain of Bali cattle fed King grass-based rations.
Key Words: Bali cattle, microbial protein, supplementation, vitamin-mineral
PRODUCTION OF FUSARIC ACID AND EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES ON
Fusariumoxysporum MEDIA CULTURE WHICH FED BY EXTRACT OF MARINE
ANIMAL Aglaophenia sp.
I Ketut Suada, Ni Wayan Suniti, I Putu Sudiarta, I Gusti Ngurah Bagus, and I
Lab of Biotechnology, Study Program of Agroecotechnology E-mail [email protected] Faculty of Agriculture, University of Udayana 92 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 The purpose of this research was to know the effect of Aglaopheniaaxtract on the production of fusaric acid and two extracellular enzymes (cellulase and pectinase) of Fusarium oxysporum which exposed toAglaophenia extracts. The treatments were done in-vitro with concentration of 0.2, 0.1, 0.05, 0.025, 0.0125, 0.00625, and 0% (w/v). The result exhibited that the higher concentration of the extract were given, the production of fusaric acid was higher, however, both enzyme activities were lower. Cellulase activity was depressed on 0,0016% of extract (with activity 908.86 µg/mL/minute) and was significantly lower than control (1946.74µg/mL/minute). Whilethe pectinase activity was affected at the concentration of extract much higher at 0.025%. Pectinase activity at those concentration was 389.98 µg/mL/minute, whereas in the control was 3930.89 µg/mL/minute. This proves that cellulase was more sensitive than its pectinase. Key words: Fusaric acid, cellulase, pectinase, Fusariumoxysporum, Aglaophenia sp. LEVEL OF BIOSECURITY IMPLEMENTATION ON THE POULTRY FARMS
Suciani*., N.P. Sarini*, IGAA. Ambarawati**, AA.Oka*, G. Suranjaya*, M.
Dewantari, I N. Ardika* and Kt. Warsa P.*
* Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University, Jl. PB. Sudirman, Denpasar - Bali ** Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, Jl. PB. Sudirman, Denpasar-Bali
Biosecurity is the most effective way to prevent farms from Avian Influenza outbreak that
affected most of broiler and layer farms. This study was conducted in six regencies in Bali
province to find out production and the level of Biosecurity implemented in the three
locations of broiler and layer farms. The result showed that The level of biosecurity
implemented both in layer and broiler farms almost similar. Layer farm implemented high
level of biosecurity at the farm gate. Broiler farms, on the other hand was at between the farm
gate and shed. And there was no difference of the level of biosecurity implemented on
broiler production since most of them were contract farms. The small layer farms implement
better biosecurity compare to big farms in this study, however statistically there was no
correlation between production and the level of biosecurity implemented
THE EFFECT OF THE MOWING HEIGHT ON MOWING
TORQUE AND QUALITY OF TURFGRASS TIFF WAY 146
I Putu Surya Wirawan
Agriculture Engineering Udayana University e-mail [email protected] Rotary mower is one of mowing tools commonly used to maintain lawn or turfgrass. Mowing height and mowing torque are important factors that should be taken into account in sustaining grass quality and designing a rotary mower. The study was addressed to recognize the influence of mowing height to required mowing torque and turfgrass quality. The mowing torque was measured at mowing height of 2, 3 and 4 cm. Measurement of mowing torque in the field was done by using a specially designed turfgrass rotary mowing apparatus that representing a rotary mower mowing mechanism. The apparatus was equipped with torque measurement system. The measured average torque was used to calculate the power 93 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 requirement of mowing. The needs of maximum and minimum mowing torque to mow
turfgrass for all mowing height were 0,68 Nm and 0,05 Nm. The average mowing torque
were 0,51 Nm, 0,24 Nm, and 0,08 Nm, at mowing height of 2, 3 and 4 cm respectively. The
average power that required to mowing was 146,8 watt, 96,1 watt, and 23 watt respectively.
The grass quality was evaluated in terms of color, density, yield and bundle of grass. The best
quality of turfgrass surface was achieved when it was mowed at the height of 3 cm. It had
density of 350 grass shoots/100 cm2, yield of 9 g/m2, and green color.
Keywords: mowing, rotary mower, turf grass.
BIODIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENT

PRELIMINARY STUDY OF CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIA IN RICE STRAW
Sattya Arimurti*, Aisyah and Kahar Muzakhar
Biology Department, Mathematic and Natural Science Faculty, Jember University. Cellulolytic bacteria is microorganism that has capability to degrade cellulose to glucose so that this bacteria may can be used as candidate for a good decomposer microorganism. The decomposition is expected to produce benefit matter compost. In this research, 79 isolates of bacteria were successfully screened. Among of them, 21 of isolates were categorized as cellulolytic bacteria when assayed semi-quantitatively at medium containing CMC on agar plate. MKA-70 and MKA-79 are best decomposer comparing with others. MKA-70, identified as a Gram-positive bacillus, capable to produce reducing sugars 94.67 ± 9.63 mg/l, 37.80 ± 2.05 mg/l and 36.03 ± 3.27 mg/l when assayed at CMC-pepton, rice straw-pepton and rice straw. But MKA-7,9 identified as a Gram-negative Coccobacillus, produced 97.80 ± 2.05 mg/l, 36.28 ± 0.91 and 32.70 ± 6.27 mg/l respectively. Keywords:, cellulolytic bacteria, rice straw, cellulose. INVITRO ANALYSIS OF MICROBES ISOLATED FROM RICE STRAW STUFF
AGAINST PATHOGENS
Sutoyo*, Erma Kuswantina and Sattya Arimurti
Biology Departement of Mathematical and Natural Science Faculty Jember University
Compost is produced through decomposition of organic stuff which by utilizing
microorganism. Beside they have ability to decompose organic stuff, some microbes may also
have capability to inhibit pathogen bacteria. These potential microorganisms have been
widely used for biological control agent. In this research, two bacteria named MKA-16 and
MKA-79, and two fungus named W4 and SP5 isolated from rice straw stuff were assayed for
their potential as biological control agent against microbes pathogen Xanthomonas
94 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 axonopodis pv, Ralstonia solanacearum, Fusarium graminearum. Analysis showed that MKA-16 and MKA-79 only have capability to inhibit X. axonopodis while W4 inhibit X. axonopodis and F. oxysporum. However, SP5 much better than others because its capability to inhibit the growth of three pathogens species (X. axonopodis, F. oxysporum and F. graminearum). All isolates only inhibit the growth process but not kill the pathogens so that the type of inhibition of each isolate is bacteriostatic and fungistatic. Among of 4 isolates, SP5 has highest index activity (2.3) against X. axonopodis even low index activities were detected when tested against F. oxysporum (1.1) and F. graminearum (1.46). Keywords; inhibition, pathogen, bacteriostatic, fungitstatic DIVERSITY OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM COASTAL BANDEALIT
JEMBER BASED ON BOX-PCR AND BIOLOG GN2 MICROPLATE
Kartika Senjarini*, Herawati and Sattya Arimurti
Biology Departement, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Jember University Bacteria are microorganisms that played a key role in the bioremediation process waters through decomposition activity. Decomposition activity is highly related to the type of bacteria that make up aquatic communities. The objectives of this research are to study the bacterial diversity based on molecular marker and to investige their metabolic fingerprint in respiring organic substrates. Research methods include water sampling and bacterial isolation, storage of bacterial isolates, colony and cell morphology observation, determination bacterial diversity using BOX-PCR and investigation of bacterial activity (substrates uptake) based on their metabolic fingerprint in respiring carbon sources (BIOLOG GN2 Microplate). A total of 120 isolates have been isolated and 60 of them have been purified. 10 selected isolates have been characterized by cell and colony morphology as well as their genetic profiles based on BOX-PCR. The 10 isolates have the same cell morphology, although then have diference in colony morphology. They also showed different genetic profile after BOX-PCR. this indicated the presence of bacterial diversity based on genetic profiles. Five of them have been tested for their activity in respiring organic substrate on BIOLOG GN2 Microplate. They are BA 011109, BA 041109, BA 061109, BA 091109, and BA 041109*. The bacterial isolates that have the same cell morphology could be different in their genetic profiles. Differences in the genetic profiles related with their diversity in utilization of organic substrates. Keywords : bacteria, diversity, BOX-PCR, BIOLOG GN2 Microplate ISOLATION OF THERMOACIDOPHILIC BACTERIA FROM KAWAH BEUREUM,
KAMOJANG, GARUT
Maria Ulfah
Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi, Laboratorium Pengembangan Teknologi Industri Agro-Biomedika (LAPTIAB), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, gd 610 A thermoacidophilic bacteria was isolated from hot spring area of Kawah Beureum, Nature Tourism Park Kamojang, Garut. The bacterial strain can grown at temperature between 45 and 65 degree celcius and at pH 3. The amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene of this strain showed that this bacteria belongs to Alicyclobacillus sp. Further characterization and analyzes of potential of the bacterial strain is still in progress. 95 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 THE INVENTORY OF MOLLUSC SPECIES WHICH THE SHELL WERE
SOLD AS SOUVENIR IN NUSA DUA BEACH, BALI
Ni Made Suartini, Ni Wayan Sudatri, A.A.Raka Dalem
Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Udayana Email: [email protected]
A study on mollusc which were sold as souvenir has been undertaken on Nusa Dua Beach-
Bali in July, 2008. The study was carried out by making observation on mollusc shells sold
on the beach, conducting interview to the sellers and identifying the species by buying and
taking the shells as well as their photoes into Animal Taxonomy Laboratory at the Faculty of
Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Bali (for the shells that could not be
identified on site). Identification of the species was based on Jutting (1952), Dharma (1988),
Dharma (1992), and Vermeulen & Whitten (1998). Origin of the shells and how to get the
shells were revealed from interviewing the sellers. As many as 32 species of mollusc shells
were sold as souveneirs on the beach, either as a whole or cut in pieces / fragmented, four
species of which were those of protected species. They were Turbo marmoratus Linne, 1758,
Cassis cornuta Linne, 1758, Charonia tritonis Linne, 1758 and Nautilus pompilius Linnaeus,
1758. In general the sellers bought the shells from other sellers (supliers) who come from
outside Nusa Dua .
THE DETERMINATION OF ABSORPTION CAPACITY OF ECENG GONDOK
(Eichornia crassipes (Mart) Solms TO Pb, Cu AND Cd IN WATER BY THE
APPLICATION OF SOLVENT EXTRACTION WITH METHYL ISOBUTHYL
Emmy Sahara
Jurusan Kimia Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Unud This paper discusses the determination of absorption capacity of a water plant called eceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes (Mart) Solms. to Pb, Cu and Cd in water. Initially, eceng gondok was planted in the water spiked with particular amount of the three metals. Then, the metals absorbed by the plant were destructed with the use of the mixture of concentrate HNO3 and H2SO4. Finally, solvent extraction was performed by the addition of ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC) and methyl isobuthyl ketone. The metals absorbed by the plant were measured by atomic absortion spektophotometer with the application of curve calibration method. It was found that during observation (15, 30 and 45 days), the highest absorbtion of the three metals occurred within 0 – 15 days of planting. When various amount of metals were spiked to the water, evidently, the higher the metals concentration in the water the higher the metals absorbed by the plant would be. Keywords : Absorption capacity, eceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes (Mart) Solms., Pb, Cu and Cd, solvent extraction, methyl isobuthyl ketone 96 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 DISTRIBUTION OF Pb AND Cu IN SEDIMENT AND SEAWATER ALONG SANUR
I Made Siaka
Jurusan Kimia Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Unud This paper describes the distribution of Pb and Cu in sediment and seawater of Sanur beach area. The sediment samples (10 sampling sites) were digested with the mixture of HNO3 and HCl (3 : 1) in an ultrasonic bath at 60oC for 45 minutes and then continued by the use of a hotplate at 140oC for 45 minutes. The seawater samples were aicidified with 10 % HNO3. The contents of the heavy metals in the sediment and water samples were determined by the technique of atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). It was observed that the distribution of Pb and Cu in the samples were varied where Pb and Cu more distributed in the sediments than in the seawater. The distributions of Pb in the sediments and seawater were 14.85 - 114.06 mg/kg and 0.05 - 0.34 mg/kg, respectively. The distributions of Cu in in the sediments and seawater were found to be 14.96 – 48.08 mg/kg and 0.01 - 0.11 mg/kg, respectively. The highest Pb distribution was obtained in sediment collected at site 10 (arround Sanur Beach Hotel) and in seawater collected from the site 9 (arround Santrian Hotel), whereas the highest distribution of Cu in the sediment and seawater were shown by the samples collected from site 4 (beach arround Sindhu Beach Hotel) and site 2 (beach arround Le Mayeur Museum), respectively. Keywords : Distribution, heavy metals, Pb and Cu, sediment and seawater BIOREMEDIATION OF DETERGENT-CONTAINING
LAUNDERETTE WASTES
USING MICROBIAL CONSORTIA OF PONDS
Yan Ramona1, I Wayan Budiarsa Suyasa2, and Esti Arisetya Dewi3
1Integrated Laboratory for Biosciences and biotechnology, Udayana University 2School of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Udayana University 3Alumni of the School of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Udayana University
The main objective of this project was to investigate the effectiveness of microbial consortia
collected from three sites (tropical rain forest, mangrove, and detergent contaminated ponds)
to degrade detergent-containing wastes produced by launderette companies in Denpasar-Bali.
Prior to use as active inocula, the microbial consortia of the three sources were enriched in a
medium containing (g/l); 1 glucose, 0.05 K2HPO4, 0.05 KH2PO4, 0.05
(NH4)2[Fe(SO4)2].6H2O, 0.01 MgSO4, 0.01 yeast extract, 1800 distilled water, and 200
launderette waste-containing water. The growth of the microbial consortia in the enrichment
medium was indicated by an increase in volatile solid substrate (VSS). The microbial
consortia that showed the highest VSS only was subjected for the subsequent experiments
97 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 (reducing the detergent LAS and the COD of the wastes). In this experiment, the most active
starter was inoculated to detergent-containing launderette wastes, incubated for 7 days, and
observed for its effectiveness to reduce the two parameters (COD and detergent content) of
the wastes. The results showed that the microbial consortia collected from detergent
contaminated waste produced higher VSS when compared to those collected from other
sources, and this was reached on day 4. When applied in the real experiment, this starter
significantly reduced the detergent LAS content and the COD of the wastes by 85.5% and
91.9%, respectively, indicating that this starter has potential to be used in the larger scales of
detergent bioremediation.
Keywords: Bioremediation, COD, launderette, waste, detergent, starter.
PHYSIO-ACUSTIC ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE THE DEFERRAL TIME OF
EARLY OPTIMAL REFLECTION OF SOUND IN CONCERT HALL OF
ANGKLUNG MUSIC
Anugrah Sabdono S
Magister Teknik Fisika, Institut Teknologi Bandung Angklung music nowadays has grown very rapidly and must be supported by a study to determine the optimum acoustic parameters that can be utilized to perform the design of concert halls dedicated to angklung. This research was conducted to find the optimum delay time by using the autocorrelation method and fisio-acoustic. From the theoretical autocorrelation method, didapatlah τe value for angklung music is 12-20 milliseconds, the value of reverberation time (Tsub) is about 276-460 milliseconds and the delay time value (∆t1) is about 12-20 milliseconds. Changes in value are influenced by many angklung which reads at the same time and the dense vibration angklung game. Fisio-acoustic analysis carried out by using EEG and aims to objectively examine the response through the excitation of the brain caused by an external stimulus, in this case music angklung. In this research, sound field simulation which has varied in value of reverberation time and the time delay by using the software. The variation of reverberation time is given on the value 0 2 seconds with a step 250 milliseconds. Variation of delay time is given on the value of 20-60 ms with 10 ms step. The results showed the value of time delay which gives the greatest change to the increase in alpha wave at point T3, T4, and P1 is a value of 30 milliseconds of delay time. While the delay time at the point P2 which gave the biggest effect is on the value of 50 milliseconds. This value is greater than the theoretical that is about 12-20 milliseconds. Keywords: autocorrelation, Fisioakustik, EEG, reverberation time, the time delay ANALYSIS OF PHYSIO-ACUSTIC TO DETEMINE OPTIMUM ACUSTIC
PARAMETER OF GAMELAN JAWA
Prisanti Putri
Teknik Fisika / Fakultas Teknologi Industri Institut Teknologi Bandung 98 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 Javanese gamelan is one of Indonesia's traditional music, but the study of the characteristics of his music has not done a lot. Musical characteristics that need to be obtained can be used as the basis for the design of concert halls and Javanese gamelan music. This research was conducted to find the time delay and the optimum reverberation time by using the autocorrelation method and fisio-acoustic. From the theoretical autocorrelation method, the value τe to Javanese gamelan music is 25-60 milliseconds. Time Value of Early hum Much after reflections (Tsub) based on theoretical calculation is about 575-1380 milliseconds. Pause Time value after the Early Reflection (∆t1) from theoretical calculations is approximately 25-60 milliseconds. Fisio-acoustic analysis carried out using Electroenchepalogram (EEG). In this study, which will simulate the sound field has been varied in the value of reverberation time and time tundanya. The variation of reverberation time is given on the value of 0000-2000 seconds with step 250 milliseconds. Variation of delay time is given on the value of 25-60 ms with 10 ms step. Results showed the greatest changes to increase alpha waves produced by the variation of time delay 50 milliseconds and 750 milliseconds for the reverberation time point T3, P3, and P4. While at point T4, the variation of time delay 30 ms and 250 ms reverberation time provides the most impact on increasing the alpha wave. This value is close to the theoretical, which fisio-acoustic analysis carried out is still in the theoretical range. Keywords: Javanese Gamelan, Fisioakustik, EEG, Time Delay, Time hum THE EFFECT OF LAND USE TYPE ON BIRD COMMUNITY
IN NORTH BANDUNG AREA, WEST JAVA
Dini Fardila
Biology Department, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Email: [email protected] Changes in vegetation structure and physical environmental factor can have effects on the variety of bird species in the established landscape. North Bandung is one of the areas that undergoing a significant change of landscape in several last years. The objective of this research is to study the relationship of land use type and habitat factors on bird community in North Bandung area. Bird data were collected from May 2006 to April 2007 using Point Count method. Vegetation data such as strata complexity and percentage of canopy cover were collected using direct observation method, while as the altitude, percentage of built-up area and nearest distance of land use type to built-up area were collected by extracting Landsat TM image (year 2004). The effect of habitat factors on bird distribution was analyzed using CCA ordination method. Based on Landsat TM image analysis, landscape of the research area was classified into four land use types: forest, agricultural area, cropland and residential area. During observation, 59 species of birds were found. The highest richness was in forest (51 species, H' = 2,428), and the lowest was in cropland (31 species, H' = 2,329). Canopy cover and strata complexity were landscape factors with the highest effect on bird abundance in residential area (r = 0.933 and 0.808, p < 0.05). Bird abundance in cropland was affected by canopy cover and altitude (r = 0.854 and 0.747, p < 0.05), while in agricultural area it was affected by distance to nearest built-up area and strata complexity (r = 0.958 and 0.815, p < 0.05). Forest bird abundance was affected by altitude and canopy cover (r = 0.960 and 0.774, p < 0.05). In general, bird abundance in North Bandung area was affected by two factors, canopy cover and altitude (r = 0.898 and 0.896, p < 0.05). This result highlighted the importance of vegetation as a critical habitat factor affecting the existence of bird community 99 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010 in all land use types in North Bandung area. It was also implied that mountain forest is important as the habitat of the most bird species in North Bandung area. Key words: land use type, bird community, North Bandung area, CCA ordination PLANKTON PRODUCTION FOR BIOFUEL: THE EFFECT OF SILICATE
CONCENTRATION ON GROWTH AND THE DETERMINATION OF ITS FAT
Ciawi, Y.1), Arya, W.2), Taman, G.L.3), Suastuti, N.G.A.M4), Wirawan, IG.P.3)
1)Engineering Faculty, Udayana University, Bali, 2)Faculty of Fishery, Warmadewa University, Bali, 3)Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, 4) Faculty of Math and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Bali
In the attempt to search for the raw materials for biofuel production, 5 isolates of plankton
have been found from the seawater of Kedungu Beach, Tanah Lot, Bali; Navicula sp.,
Nitzchia sp., Ishocrysis sp.,Skeletonema sp., andChaetoceros sp. The aim of the research is to
investigate the fat content of the plankton by varying the composition of the growth media. In
this research, the silicate concentration was varied, which were at0.5, 1, and 1.5 ppm. All
other components of media were at the same concentration. Fermentation was carried out in
250 ml shakeflask cultures and was done in triplicates. The results showed that all five
isolates grew at different extent at different silicate concentration.Navicula sp. grew the best
at 1.5 ppm, Nitzchia sp. at 1 ppm, Isocrysis sp. at 0.5 ppm, Skeletonema sp. at 1.5 ppm, and
Chaetoceros sp. at 1 ppm. It was found that at its optimum silicate concentration for growth,
the fat content of Navicula sp.was 4.49% w/wof its cell dry weight,,6.91% w/w for Nitzschia
sp., 5.31 % w/w for Ishocrysis sp, and 2.17% w/w for Skeletonema sp., and 2.85 % w/w for
Chaetoceros sp.


100 2nd International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology: pave the way to a better life, Udayana University, Bali, 23-24 September 2010

Source: http://fmipa.undiksha.ac.id/ristiati/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ABSTRACT-BOOK-2nd-Bioscience-and-Biotechnology.pdf