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for first aid kit users sterile item single use only
Handy addition to your kit for securing bandages or dressings. Essential in the Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic and can first aid treatment of some chest area be used for irrigation of the skin. Notice that some people are hyper sensitive to Chlorhexidine and in that case the Main versions are zinc oxide tape product should not be used. (ensure they are not left in the sun), and paper tape which is hypo-allergenic.
NOTE: May come in a yellow steritube similar to eye wash. DO NOT use for eye irrigation.
single use only
COLD PACK - INSTANT
Towelettes can be used to cleanse unbroken skin. For example, can be Create an instant ice pack by "popping" use around wound area to prevent dirt the inner fluid bag and mixing the on the surrounding skin from infecting the wound. Antiseptic towelettes contain Benzalkonium Chloride.
• Be careful not to puncture the bag • If skin is accidentally exposed to the BURNAID GEL
contents of the bag, wash the affected Active ingredient: Melaleuca (tea tree oil)
area immediately with water.
• Do not expose to open flame and Tea Tree Oil has gained a good reputation especially in wound • Be careful not to cause cold injuries treatment based on its four main functions: bactericide and antiseptic, anti-fungal agent, active against certain NOTE: Current cold packs (since 2006) viruses and providing a boost to the contain urea as the active ingredient. immune system. It is also used in dilute Older packs contain ammonia nitrate form for hard surface cleaning and as and are no longer legally sold in a general household disinfectant. Be Australia. Existing stock should be aware that some people are allergic disposed of appropriately.
to tea tree oil. Burnaid mixture has an excess of 90% water. single use only sterile item
• First: Cool the burnt area with cold Combine dressing is a highly absorbent running water for a minimum of 10 dressing for large wounds/abrasions. In sterile single packs, it is guaranteed • Apply gel liberally to the burn area.
• Cover lightly with a sterile dressing or bandage to prevent infection. • Repeat application of gel after half an hour or as required. • Bear in mind that serious burns need professional medical attention! Conforming bandages are ideal for • Take burns seriously, for the infection securing dressings. For pressure or support, choose crepe bandages.
sterile item single use only
After a burn has been cooled under cold, running water for a minimum of MEDIUM CREPE BANDAGE
10 minutes, cover it with a sterile non- adhesive burn dressing. First, wet the A must in every first aid kit! Use crepe dressing and always apply the shiny bandages to secure dressing, to side of the dressing to the skin so that support soft tissue injuries, to apply the dressing will not stick to the skin.
pressure to bleeding or poisonous bite REMEMBER: In case of a serious burn, it may be better to continue cooling the These bandages are washable and burn down until the ambulance arrives reusable, however heavily soiled and not to cover the burn at all. bandages are best to be discarded in an appropriate disposal unit.
HANDY HINTS FOR FIRST AID USERS




HEAVY CREPE BANDAGE
As above(Medium Crepe Bandage) and with spandex for situations that Make sure that you have at least two need tight support. Perfect for sprains pairs of gloves in your first aid kit! Make and strains.
it a habit to wear gloves in every first aid situation.
CAUTION: You don't have to put single use only sterile item
your hand into anybody else's blood. Wear gloves or ask the person to Single use eye pad may be useful in apply pressure over the bleeding area trying to reduce the stress to an injured themselves. After use, dispose of gloves and other contaminated first aid material into a bio-hazard container.
EYE WASH/SALINE SOLUTION
single use only sterile item
You will need sterile gloves when treating easily infected wounds. Keep Every first aid kit should have some in mind that the most important aspect means for washing and irrigation of the of wound care is cleanliness. Dispose eyes. You may choose from a special gloves by placing them into a bio- eye shower bottle to simple saline hazard container.
solution in 15ml or 30ml ampoules. • Keep fingers out of eye and use This lightweight blanket is fantastic washing to get rid of loose particles in treatment of hypothermia or shock Cover with eye pad and seek medical and essential survival equipment for specialist for further treatment camping, bush walking and climbing. Discard remaining solution once Wrapping the person in the blanket keeps the body heat inside, gradually Large bottles of eye wash are used raising the temperature. Remove all wet when a continuous flow is required to clothing before wrapping the person in flush out loose particles the emergency/rescue blanket.
FIRST AID BOOKLET
CAUTION: The blanket is made of flammable material and should not be An easy-to-use first aid manual may used near fire or flames! remind you of the important treatment in an emergency.
RESUSCITATION FACE SHIELD
Single Use Only
• Place the shield over casualty's mouth and nose with the indicated side facing the operator.
Forceps or tweezers in a first aid kit • Position the valve over casualty's can prove useful. Examples for use are removing ticks, when cleaning wounds • Commence resuscitation. with sterile dressings soaked in saline solution, or for removing protruding Re-usable - Aaxis(mask in white hard case)
• Press the valve/mouth piece out.
• Place the mask on casualty's face so REMEMBER: Ensure instrument is that the pointy part is to the nose.
thoroughly cleaned after use.
• Create a good seal around the mask with your fingers to prevent air GAUZE SWABS
sterile item single use only
• Breathe through the one-way valve. • After use, discard the valve/mouth Gauze pieces can be used in cleaning piece and disinfect the "body" of the contaminated wounds or to block the mask in a hospital grade disinfectant. socket when a tooth has been lost. • Replace the one way valve.
Single use only.
*Does not provide absolute protection, but greatly reduces the risk of cross NON-ADHERENT PAD
sterile item single use only
SAFETY PINS
Sterile non-adherent dressings can be used to cushion and protect different For securing slings and other first aid wounds without fear of the dressing sticking to the wound. REMEMBER: Don't ever cover the bacteria, clean the wound first! Key item in every first aid kit! Create PLASTIC BAGS
slings from it. Use it to make a ring pad sterile item single use only
for embedded objects. Really…there's no limit to the uses of a triangular For collection and proper disposal of contaminated dressings or for collecting amputated body parts and preserving them in optimal condition for further medical assistance.
HANDY HINTS FOR FIRST AID USERS SANITISING HAND GEL
VENTOLIN INHALER
Active ingredient: salbutamol

"Germbuster" or "Stoko" sanitising hand gel is an easy way to disinfect Ventolin is one of many common your hands. Especially useful in your asthma reliever inhalers. Reliever work place or car first aid kit allowing medication such as Ventolin relaxes you to clean you hands even if water is the muscles around airways making the airways wider and breathing easier. • Soiled hands should be washed with In case of an asthma emergency, soap and water before "Germbuster/ helping the person to take their reliever Stoko" treatment.
medication is of great importance. You • Apply a small amount to the hands will recognize a reliever puffer by a and allow 30 seconds to dry.
blue/grey colour. • No rinsing required. • Do not apply on broken skin.
• Sit the person upright, be calming CAUTION: This product must be kept • Without delay give 4 separate puffs away from heat, sparks and flames of a reliever (Ventolin, Asmol, or Airomir) inhaler.
• The medication is best delivered via spacer (see "spacer" for more Take extreme care if cutting off any details). Ask the person to take 4 clothing, especially if the clothing may breaths between each puff from the be stuck to the skin. Do not remove reliever inhaler.
anything stuck to the skin.
• Wait 4 minutes.
• If there is little or no improvement, REMEMBER: Ensure instrument is repeat steps 2 and 3.
thoroughly/hygienically cleaned after If there is little or no improvement still, call 000 immediately!
WOUND CLOSURES – E.G.
A spacer is a device that ensures that relieving asthma medication is inhaled sterile item single use only
easier and more effectively. The person requiring medication should: • Carefully examine and clean the • Assemble the spacer (some spacers • Prepare the skin around the wound need no assembly; others have two cutting carefully, wipe away dead large halves that need to be pressed tissue if needed. tightly together). • Wipe the skin with an alcohol wipe, • Remove the cap from the inhaler/ not allowing the alcohol touch the puffer and shake well. inside of the wound. • Attach the inhaler/puffer to the • Dry with sterile gauze.
• Get wound closure strips ready. • Ensure a good seal placing casualty's • Remove strips as you need them, mouth around the mouthpiece of the being careful not to touch the part that will cover the wound.
• Press one puff into the spacer.
• Place one half of strip on one side of • Breathe normally in and out about 4 wound, press firmly down, carefully align the wound, gently pull on other • To take more medication, repeat two end of the strip, push the skin edges together exactly and press the other end of the strip into place.Close the NOTE: Regular cleaning of the spacer entire wound with strips. • If the skin is not closed under the strip, take it off and reapply it.
• Disassemble all parts and wash them • Cover with a clean and dry dressing if in warm soapy water. needed. Leave strips in place for 7-14 • Do not dry, but let all parts drip dry. days. Be alert to signs of infection.
• Assemble spacer so that it is ready for the next use.
sterile item single use only
WOUND DRESSING NO.15
sterile item single use only
For removing splinters Instead of using a triangular bandage NOTE: These small splinter probes for padding and a crepe bandage for are for single use only and should be pressure and support, wound dressing disposed of by placing used probes in services as a two-in-one solution. a sharps container.
• Pull the tab open. BASIC DRESSING PACK
• Avoid touching either the wound or sterile item single use only
the face of the dressing. • Place pad directly on the wound. For cleaning and dressing wounds.
• Use the attached bandage to secure the dressing and to apply appropriate amount of pressure. • 6 x cotton balls WOUND DRESSING STRIPS
• 2 x gauze swabs sterile item single use only
• 1 x dressing tray • 1 x paper towel Sterile dressing strips are individually • 1 x plastic work sheet sealed and are great for small wounds. Have a non-adherent pad. Come in plastic, fabric or in blue detectable for the food industry.
HANDY HINTS FOR FIRST AID USERS

Source: http://www.safetyfirst.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Handy-Hints-KMR.pdf

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British Journal of Anaesthesia 103 (5): 711–18 (2009) Advance Access publication August 22, 2009 Apoptosis induction by different local anaesthetics in a neuroblastoma cell line R. Werdehausen1, S. Fazeli1, S. Braun1, H. Hermanns1, F. Essmann3, M. W. Hollmann4, I. Bauer2 and M. F. Stevens5* 1Department of Anaesthesiology and 2Department of Experimental Anaesthesiology, University of Du¨sseldorf,Du¨sseldorf, Germany. 3Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tu¨bingen, Tu¨bingen, Germany. 4Department of

Microsoft word - tesi-capitoli-14a.doc

POLITECNICO DI TORINO III Facoltà di Ingegneria Corso di Laurea Specialistica in Ingegneria Informatica Tesi di Laurea Specialistica Individuazione di situazioni di rischio in dati clinici rilevati da sensori Relatrice Prof.ssa Elena Baralis Candidati Daniele Apiletti Giulia Bruno Desideriamo ringraziare Tania, per l'aiuto e la disponibilità