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for first aid kit users
sterile item single use only
Handy addition to your kit for securing
bandages or dressings. Essential in the
Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic and can
first aid treatment of some chest area
be used for irrigation of the skin. Notice
that some people are hyper sensitive
to Chlorhexidine and in that case the
Main versions are zinc oxide tape
product should not be used.
(ensure they are not left in the sun), and
paper tape which is hypo-allergenic.
NOTE: May come in a yellow steritube
similar to eye wash. DO NOT use for
eye irrigation.
single use only
COLD PACK - INSTANT
Towelettes can be used to cleanse
unbroken skin. For example, can be
Create an instant ice pack by "popping"
use around wound area to prevent dirt
the inner fluid bag and mixing the
on the surrounding skin from infecting
the wound. Antiseptic towelettes
contain Benzalkonium Chloride.
• Be careful not to puncture the bag
• If skin is accidentally exposed to the
BURNAID GEL
contents of the bag, wash the affected
Active ingredient: Melaleuca (tea tree oil)
area immediately with water.
• Do not expose to open flame and
Tea Tree Oil has gained a good
reputation especially in wound
• Be careful not to cause cold injuries
treatment based on its four main
functions: bactericide and antiseptic,
anti-fungal agent, active against certain
NOTE: Current cold packs (since 2006)
viruses and providing a boost to the
contain urea as the active ingredient.
immune system. It is also used in dilute
Older packs contain ammonia nitrate
form for hard surface cleaning and as
and are no longer legally sold in
a general household disinfectant. Be
Australia. Existing stock should be
aware that some people are allergic
disposed of appropriately.
to tea tree oil. Burnaid mixture has an
excess of 90% water.
single use only sterile item
• First: Cool the burnt area with cold
Combine dressing is a highly absorbent
running water for a minimum of 10
dressing for large wounds/abrasions.
In sterile single packs, it is guaranteed
• Apply gel liberally to the burn area.
• Cover lightly with a sterile dressing or
bandage to prevent infection.
• Repeat application of gel after half an
hour or as required.
• Bear in mind that serious burns need
professional medical attention!
Conforming bandages are ideal for
• Take burns seriously, for the infection
securing dressings. For pressure or
support, choose crepe bandages.
sterile item single use only
After a burn has been cooled under
cold, running water for a minimum of
MEDIUM CREPE BANDAGE
10 minutes, cover it with a sterile non-
adhesive burn dressing. First, wet the
A must in every first aid kit! Use crepe
dressing and always apply the shiny
bandages to secure dressing, to
side of the dressing to the skin so that
support soft tissue injuries, to apply
the dressing will not stick to the skin.
pressure to bleeding or poisonous bite
REMEMBER: In case of a serious burn,
it may be better to continue cooling the
These bandages are washable and
burn down until the ambulance arrives
reusable, however heavily soiled
and not to cover the burn at all.
bandages are best to be discarded in
an appropriate disposal unit.
HANDY HINTS FOR FIRST AID USERS
HEAVY CREPE BANDAGE
As above(Medium Crepe Bandage)
and with spandex for situations that
Make sure that you have at least two
need tight support. Perfect for sprains
pairs of gloves in your first aid kit! Make
and strains.
it a habit to wear gloves in every first
aid situation.
CAUTION: You don't have to put
single use only sterile item
your hand into anybody else's blood.
Wear gloves or ask the person to
Single use eye pad may be useful in
apply pressure over the bleeding area
trying to reduce the stress to an injured
themselves. After use, dispose of
gloves and other contaminated first aid
material into a bio-hazard container.
EYE WASH/SALINE SOLUTION
single use only sterile item
You will need sterile gloves when
treating easily infected wounds. Keep
Every first aid kit should have some
in mind that the most important aspect
means for washing and irrigation of the
of wound care is cleanliness. Dispose
eyes. You may choose from a special
gloves by placing them into a bio-
eye shower bottle to simple saline
hazard container.
solution in 15ml or 30ml ampoules.
• Keep fingers out of eye and use
This lightweight blanket is fantastic
washing to get rid of loose particles
in treatment of hypothermia or shock
Cover with eye pad and seek medical
and essential survival equipment for
specialist for further treatment
camping, bush walking and climbing.
Discard remaining solution once
Wrapping the person in the blanket
keeps the body heat inside, gradually
Large bottles of eye wash are used
raising the temperature. Remove all wet
when a continuous flow is required to
clothing before wrapping the person in
flush out loose particles
the emergency/rescue blanket.
FIRST AID BOOKLET
CAUTION: The blanket is made of
flammable material and should not be
An easy-to-use first aid manual may
used near fire or flames!
remind you of the important treatment
in an emergency.
RESUSCITATION FACE SHIELD
Single Use Only
• Place the shield over casualty's
mouth and nose with the indicated
side facing the operator.
Forceps or tweezers in a first aid kit
• Position the valve over casualty's
can prove useful. Examples for use are
removing ticks, when cleaning wounds
• Commence resuscitation.
with sterile dressings soaked in saline
solution, or for removing protruding
Re-usable - Aaxis(mask in white hard case)
• Press the valve/mouth piece out.
• Place the mask on casualty's face so
REMEMBER: Ensure instrument is
that the pointy part is to the nose.
thoroughly cleaned after use.
• Create a good seal around the
mask with your fingers to prevent air
GAUZE SWABS
sterile item single use only
• Breathe through the one-way valve.
• After use, discard the valve/mouth
Gauze pieces can be used in cleaning
piece and disinfect the "body" of the
contaminated wounds or to block the
mask in a hospital grade disinfectant.
socket when a tooth has been lost.
• Replace the one way valve.
Single use only.
*Does not provide absolute protection,
but greatly reduces the risk of cross
NON-ADHERENT PAD
sterile item single use only
SAFETY PINS
Sterile non-adherent dressings can be
used to cushion and protect different
For securing slings and other first aid
wounds without fear of the dressing
sticking to the wound.
REMEMBER: Don't ever cover the
bacteria, clean the wound first!
Key item in every first aid kit! Create
PLASTIC BAGS
slings from it. Use it to make a ring pad
sterile item single use only
for embedded objects. Really…there's
no limit to the uses of a triangular
For collection and proper disposal
of contaminated dressings or for
collecting amputated body parts and
preserving them in optimal condition
for further medical assistance.
HANDY HINTS FOR FIRST AID USERS
SANITISING HAND GEL
VENTOLIN INHALER
Active ingredient: salbutamol
"Germbuster" or "Stoko" sanitising
hand gel is an easy way to disinfect
Ventolin is one of many common
your hands. Especially useful in your
asthma reliever inhalers. Reliever
work place or car first aid kit allowing
medication such as Ventolin relaxes
you to clean you hands even if water is
the muscles around airways making
the airways wider and breathing easier.
• Soiled hands should be washed with
In case of an asthma emergency,
soap and water before "Germbuster/
helping the person to take their reliever
Stoko" treatment.
medication is of great importance. You
• Apply a small amount to the hands
will recognize a reliever puffer by a
and allow 30 seconds to dry.
blue/grey colour.
• No rinsing required.
• Do not apply on broken skin.
• Sit the person upright, be calming
CAUTION: This product must be kept
• Without delay give 4 separate puffs
away from heat, sparks and flames
of a reliever (Ventolin, Asmol, or
Airomir) inhaler.
• The medication is best delivered
via spacer (see "spacer" for more
Take extreme care if cutting off any
details). Ask the person to take 4
clothing, especially if the clothing may
breaths between each puff from the
be stuck to the skin. Do not remove
reliever inhaler.
anything stuck to the skin.
• Wait 4 minutes.
• If there is little or no improvement,
REMEMBER: Ensure instrument is
repeat steps 2 and 3.
thoroughly/hygienically cleaned after
If there is little or no improvement still,
call 000 immediately!
WOUND CLOSURES – E.G.
A spacer is a device that ensures that
relieving asthma medication is inhaled
sterile item single use only
easier and more effectively. The person
requiring medication should:
• Carefully examine and clean the
• Assemble the spacer (some spacers
• Prepare the skin around the wound
need no assembly; others have two
cutting carefully, wipe away dead
large halves that need to be pressed
tissue if needed.
tightly together).
• Wipe the skin with an alcohol wipe,
• Remove the cap from the inhaler/
not allowing the alcohol touch the
puffer and shake well.
inside of the wound.
• Attach the inhaler/puffer to the
• Dry with sterile gauze.
• Get wound closure strips ready.
• Ensure a good seal placing casualty's
• Remove strips as you need them,
mouth around the mouthpiece of the
being careful not to touch the part
that will cover the wound.
• Press one puff into the spacer.
• Place one half of strip on one side of
• Breathe normally in and out about 4
wound, press firmly down, carefully
align the wound, gently pull on other
• To take more medication, repeat two
end of the strip, push the skin edges
together exactly and press the other
end of the strip into place.Close the
NOTE: Regular cleaning of the spacer
entire wound with strips.
• If the skin is not closed under the
strip, take it off and reapply it.
• Disassemble all parts and wash them
• Cover with a clean and dry dressing if
in warm soapy water.
needed. Leave strips in place for 7-14
• Do not dry, but let all parts drip dry.
days. Be alert to signs of infection.
• Assemble spacer so that it is ready
for the next use.
sterile item single use only
WOUND DRESSING NO.15
sterile item single use only
For removing splinters
Instead of using a triangular bandage
NOTE: These small splinter probes
for padding and a crepe bandage for
are for single use only and should be
pressure and support, wound dressing
disposed of by placing used probes in
services as a two-in-one solution.
a sharps container.
• Pull the tab open.
BASIC DRESSING PACK
• Avoid touching either the wound or
sterile item single use only
the face of the dressing.
• Place pad directly on the wound.
For cleaning and dressing wounds.
• Use the attached bandage to secure
the dressing and to apply appropriate
amount of pressure.
• 6 x cotton balls
WOUND DRESSING STRIPS
• 2 x gauze swabs
sterile item single use only
• 1 x dressing tray
• 1 x paper towel
Sterile dressing strips are individually
• 1 x plastic work sheet
sealed and are great for small wounds.
Have a non-adherent pad. Come in
plastic, fabric or in blue detectable for
the food industry.
HANDY HINTS FOR FIRST AID USERS
Source: http://www.safetyfirst.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Handy-Hints-KMR.pdf
British Journal of Anaesthesia 103 (5): 711–18 (2009) Advance Access publication August 22, 2009 Apoptosis induction by different local anaesthetics in a neuroblastoma cell line R. Werdehausen1, S. Fazeli1, S. Braun1, H. Hermanns1, F. Essmann3, M. W. Hollmann4, I. Bauer2 and M. F. Stevens5* 1Department of Anaesthesiology and 2Department of Experimental Anaesthesiology, University of Du¨sseldorf,Du¨sseldorf, Germany. 3Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tu¨bingen, Tu¨bingen, Germany. 4Department of
POLITECNICO DI TORINO III Facoltà di Ingegneria Corso di Laurea Specialistica in Ingegneria Informatica Tesi di Laurea Specialistica Individuazione di situazioni di rischio in dati clinici rilevati da sensori Relatrice Prof.ssa Elena Baralis Candidati Daniele Apiletti Giulia Bruno Desideriamo ringraziare Tania, per l'aiuto e la disponibilità